Lesson page 1

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Greek Combining FormsAssessment™RAPID

Lesson page 1

InstructStarting with a warm-up introduces the concept of Greek combining forms and helps students activate their prior vocabulary knowledge.

• As necessary, teach or review that some words contain meaningful word parts of Greek origin that contribute to word meaning.

• Select three or four Greek combining forms from Lesson pages 4-5, and display them for students.

• Provide the vocabulary checklist on Reproducible page 1 to each student. Display two to three words that contain each Greek combining form, and have students write the words in the first column of their checklist. You can use the word list on Lesson pages 4-5 for ideas.

• Instruct students to indicate their familiarity with the definition of each word by placing a checkmark in the appropriate column. Then, students can write their guess or understanding of the word definition in column 5.

Teach the meaning of the Greek combining forms selected for the warm-up.

• As a group, discuss students’ known definitions and guesses.

Ask students: Did any parts of the word help you generate a guess? Which parts? Then, share with students the definitions of the words containing the Greek combining forms, and have students write them in column 6 of their chart.

• Invite a student to read the first Greek combining form. Read the form aloud once more for students, and then display its definition. Ask students to repeat the definition.

• Repeat the step above with the remaining Greek combining forms you have selected.

PracticeInteractive practice helps prepare students to apply their knowledge independently.

• Provide a Greek combining form map to each student (see Reproducible page 2).

• Select a Greek combining form to complete the first Greek combining form map with the class. Encourage students to share their ideas, and work as a group to complete the first map.

PrepareCONCEPT This lesson will support students’ knowledge of the meanings of Greek combining forms (e.g., therm).  Greek combining forms are word parts of Greek origin. Knowledge of Greek combining forms helps students read multi-syllabic words and understand the meaning of unfamiliar words that are particularly common in academic subjects, including the sciences and mathematics. Explicit instruction in Greek combining forms gives students a way to read,

spell, and determine the meaning of academic words. This lesson can be taught over multiple class periods and revisited with additional Greek combining forms throughout the year.

VOCABULARY Greek combining form

MATERIALS Lesson reproducibles, Greek combining forms and word list, vocabulary checklist, Greek combining form map, example sentence starters (included)

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Lesson page 2

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Greek Combining FormsAssessment™RAPID

• Next, generate a sentence with a word containing the Greek combining form, and display it for students. The use of the Greek combining form should help convey meaning in the sentence. (e.g., Engineers use principles of thermodynamics to predict how temperature fluctuations will affect the buildings they design.) Invite a student to identify the Greek combining form. Discuss how knowledge of the Greek combining form contributes to an understanding of the word and sentence.

• Then, select a new word that contains the Greek combining form, and invite students to write their own sentence using the word. Encourage students to create a sentence that conveys their understanding of word meaning. As needed, support students with adding detail or complexity to their sentences.

• Students can share their sentences orally, or display them for the class.

• Have students complete maps for the remaining prefixes. Circulate through the class to provide support as needed.

Provide students with an opportunity to independently use their new knowledge in a meaningful way.

• Have students write sentences containing words with the remaining Greek combining forms. If students require scaffolding with this activity, you can provide them with sentence starters (see examples on Reproducible pages 3-4). As needed, encourage students to utilize reference materials to discover the definitions of unfamiliar words.

• Invite students to write their sentences on the board. Students can also omit the targeted word containing the Greek combining form from the sentence, and ask their classmates to guess the word to complete the sentence.

ConnectUse these ideas to enhance students’ learning across the curriculum.

• Find high interest, informational texts from math or science class that contain the targeted Greek combining forms. Have students read the passage to identify words with Greek combining forms, and paraphrase or respond to the text using the words.

• Students can write an informational report that includes words with the targeted Greek combining forms.

• See Lesson page 3 for whole-class activities to engage students in applying their knowledge.

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Lesson page 3

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Reinforcement Activities

Activity Fishbowl

Materials Paper, pens, “fishbowl” (box or bowl to hold folded pieces of paper), timer

Preparation On individual, small strips of paper, write 30-35 Greek combining forms and/or vocabulary words with Greek combining forms that have been targeted in the classroom (e.g., demo, tele, automation, philanthropist). Pass a few strips to each student so that they have an opportunity to read some of the words silently before beginning the game. Then, have students fold each strip of paper in half and add it to the “fishbowl”. For students who need visual support, you can provide them with a list of Greek combining forms and words used during this activity.

Procedure Divide the class into two even teams and form a circle. Students should sit next to their teammates so that each half of the circle is comprised of a separate team.

Round One: Select a team to begin. The first student on the team draws an item (Greek combining form or word) from the fishbowl and describes its meaning without using any of its forms (e.g., “This is a Greek combining form that means heat or hot. It’s used in a word that means a medical condition of dangerously low body temperature.”). If the student’s team can guess the item, the student places it aside and passes the fishbowl to the next student on their team. The next student takes a new item out of the fishbowl and describes it for the team to guess. If a student wants to skip an item she draws, she can place it back into the fishbowl and draw a new item. This process continues until one minute has passed. After one minute, the other team does the same. Teams continue to alternate for one-minute turns until all of the items have been removed from the fishbowl. The round ends when the fishbowl is empty. Teams count their respective pieces of paper to determine their point value for round one.

Round Two: All of the items go back into the fishbowl. In this round, instead of describing the item, students act out its meaning without using any speech. Each turn lasts 45 seconds. Once all of the items have been removed from the fishbowl, teams tally their point value for round two.

Round Three: All of the items go back into the fishbowl. In this round, students can only use one word to describe each item. If the team cannot guess the item after a student has provided one word, the item goes back into the fishbowl and the fishbowl moves to the next student. Once all of the items have been removed from the fishbowl, teams tally their point value for round three. The team with the most points wins.

Activity Greek Combining Forms Trivia

Materials 20-30 questions or items referring to Greek combining forms and vocabulary words with Greek combining forms that have been targeted in the classroom, organized into 5-6 categories.

For example: Category = Make a sentence →  Use a word with the Greek combining form bio in a sentence.

Category = Meaning → What is the meaning of the Greek combining form phon/phono?

Category = Name that form →  What Greek combining form means “people”?

Preparation Create a trivia board, organized by category, with a point value assigned to each question in the category. For students who need visual support, you can provide them with a list of words and prefixes used during this activity.

Procedure Divide the class into two or three teams. Students from each team will take turns selecting a category and point value and answering the trivia question. Students can receive support from their teammates as needed. If a student or team answers the question correctly, they are awarded the point value for that question. Continue alternating between teams until all questions have been answered. The team with the most points wins.

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Lesson page 4

Greek Combining Forms and Word List

Greek Combining Form Meaning Word List

andr, anthro people, man android, anthropology, androgynous, philanthropy, anthropomorphic

anti against antiperspirant, antipathy, antidote, anticlimactic, antifreeze

arch chief, ruler anarchy, matriarch, patriarch, oligarchy, monarch

archae, arche, archi original, ancient archaeology, archaic, archetype, archives

ast, astro star astronomy, astronaut, astrological, asteroid

audio sound, hearing auditory, audition, audible, audience

auto self autonomous, autobiography, autograph, automation, autopsy

biblio book bibliography, bibliophile, biblical

bio life microbiology, bioethics, biography, biodegradable, biochemistry

chrom color monochromatic, polychrome

chron, chrono time synchronous, chronological, synchronize, chronic

cracy, crat rule, govern aristocracy, plutocracy, bureaucratic, technocracy

cycl, cyclo wheel, circle encyclopedia, cyclical, unicycle, recycle, bicycle

dem, demo people demagogue, demographer, endemic, pandemic, democracy

derm skin dermatology, taxidermy, dermatitis, epidermis

dyn, dynamo power, force aerodynamics, dynamic, dynasty, thermodynamics, dynamite

eco home economy, ecology, ecological, ecosystem

ectomy cut away tonsillectomy, masectomy, hysterectomy, cystectomy

geo earth geology, geologist, geothermal, geometry

gno, gnosi to know agnostic, diagnosis, ignorance, prognosis

gram written, drawn diagram, telegram, program, grammar, hologram

graph written, recorded biography, autograph, calligraphy, stenographer, photograph

hema, hemo blood hemoglobin, hemophobia, hemorrhage

hydro, hydr, hydra water hydration, hydrogenated, hydroponic, hydrant, dehydration

hyper over, above hyperactive, hyperbole, hypertension, hyperventilate

hypo under hypoallergenic, hypothermia, hypoxia

kine, cine movement cinema, kinetic, dyskinesia, telekinesis, kinesiology

lex word lexicon, dyslexia, lexicography, lexicographer

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Lesson page 5

Greek Combining Forms and Word List

Greek Combining Form Meaning Word List

log, logo, logue word, speech dialogue, logical, catalogue, monologue

logy, ology the study of biology, cardiology, virology, neurology, musicology

macro large, great macrocosm, macrobiotic, macrophage, macroeconomics, macronutrients

mech machine mechanic, mechanize, biomechanics, mechanically, mechanism

mega large megabyte, megaphone, megahertz, megacycle, megalopolis

meta beyond, beside metabolize, metamorphosis, metaphor, metaphysics, metacognition

meter measure barometer, geometry, metric, perimeter, symmetry

micro small microbiology, microscope, microwave, microfiber, microclimate

mon, mono one monopoly, monoculture, monastery, monotheism, monotone

morph form, shape morph, morphology, metamorphosis, morpheme, anthropomorphic

neo new neocortex, neonatal, neophyte, neoclassical

nym, onym name, word anonymity, antonym, synonymous, pseudonym, acronym

path disease, feeling sympathy, pathogen, empathize, apathy, telepathy

para beside, position parachute, parallel, parameter, paralysis

phil, phila, phile, philio love of bibliophile, philanthropist, philosopher, Philadelphia,

cinephile

phobia fear phobia, phobic, arachnophobia, agoraphobia, xenophobia

phon, phono sound phonics, vibraphone, cacophony, microphone, megaphone

photo light photograph, photon, photojournalism, photocopy

phys nature physical, metaphysics, physique, physics, physiology

pol, polis, polit government, city metropolis, politics, cosmopolitan, police, policy

soph wisdom sophisticated, philosopher, philosophical

techn craft, skill technological, technician, technique, technical, pyrotechnics

tele distant teleconference, telephone, telescope, telecast, telegram

the, theo god theology, polytheism, monotheism, theologize, theologian

therm, thermo heat, hot hypothermia, thermostat, geothermal, hyperthermia

Reproducible page 1

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Reproducible page 2

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Reproducible page 3

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Greek Combining FormsAssessment™RAPID

Example Sentence Starters—Set 11. In a healthy ecosystem, many species .

2. Your auditory sense helps you to .

3. A bibliophile would love to spend the day .

4. During Women’s History Month, we read the biography of .

5. Species that metamorphosize include .

6. The GPS instructed us to take a parallel side road instead of the main highway because

.

7. Hematology is the study of .

8. Professions that require empathy include .

9. Sophisticated medical technology helps physicians .  

10. She practiced for years to refine her technique of .

11. In an oligarchy, a small group of rulers .

12. The astronomy teacher taught a lesson on .

13. Selling pumpkins for Halloween is a cyclical business because .

14. Hypothermia is a dangerous condition caused by .

15. A person with arachnophobia would not enjoy .

16. After she hyperextended her knee during basketball practice, .

17. Only hypoallergenic dogs are allowed in the apartment complex because

.

18. A balance of macronutrients in your diet is required for .

19. We need to write the instructions in a logical order so that .

20. Psychology is the study of .

21. An Anglophone is someone who speaks .

22. Before we left for our camping trip, we checked the barometer for .  

23. An example of a species endemic to Australia is .

24. If more human jobs are replaced by automation, then .

Reproducible page 4

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Greek Combining FormsAssessment™RAPID

Example Sentence Starters—Set 21. The anthropologist traveled to the Amazonian rain forest to study .

2. I found the ending of the book to be anticlimactic because .

3. At the ancient site, the archaeologists found evidence of .

4. The population of the metropolis has grown significantly since .

5. Mayan polychrome pottery is characterized by .

6. During the Industrial Revolution, mechanization replaced .

7. If the dancers’ movements are not synchronous, then .

8. The citizens feared an autocracy after .

9. Dermatitis can be caused by .

10. Rocket scientists study aerodynamics to understand .

11. The photojournalist was hired by the magazine to .

12. Scientists study the physiology of the human brain in order to .

13. Compared to their predecessors, modern microscopes can detect .

14. She needed a tonsillectomy because .

15. Some cities use geothermal energy from the earth to .

16. Many diseases that were once life-threatening now have a better prognosis due to .

17. Court stenographers must quickly and accurately transcribe .

18. One solution to the agricultural problem of eroding soil is hydroponic gardening, because .

19. Some professional athletes study kinesiology in order to improve .

20. With new words for technology being introduced each year, lexicographers must decide .

21. Cities in the northeast megalopolis of the United States include .

22. Some urban areas are considered microclimates due to .

23. Monoculture crops may be susceptible to pests because .

24. You can use the morphology of a tree leaf to determine .

25. He considered himself to be a neophyte gardener because .

26. Some authors use a pseudonym because .

27. New tablets were donated to the school by a philanthropist who .

28. Polygraph tests measure many physical changes in a person’s body to determine .

29. To become a psychiatrist, you must .

30. Teleconferencing allows employees who work in different cities to .

31. Polytheism is characterized by a belief in .