Günter Kerschbaumer - (Qualitat de l’aire i mesures preses al Tirol del Sud – Itàlia)

Air quality and measures taken in South Tyrol (Italy) 2010

G. Kerschbaumer

L. Minach, L. Verdi, M. Guariento, H. Unterhofer

Environmental Agency of Bolzano - South TyrolLfU Bozen / APPA Bolzano

Autonomous Province of Bolzano - South Tyrol

Map of South Tyrol – geografical position

Map of South Tyrol – Alpine region

South Tyrol – the alpine province

Map of South Tyrol – inhabitants per km²

inhabitants per km²

The most inhabitants and industries are situated on the bottom of the valleys

In the summertime the valleys are well aired. By day the wind blows from the south. At night air streams out from the side

valleys.

WINTER (02.01.2009)

In the winter, thermic inversion and windless days promote the enrichment of air pollutants

wood combustion

PM10 daily average at Merano (South Tyrol) from 01 .01.2004 to 06.06.2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

01/0

1/20

03

14/0

3/20

03

25/0

5/20

03

05/0

8/20

03

16/1

0/20

03

27/1

2/20

03

08/0

3/20

04

19/0

5/20

04

30/0

7/20

04

10/1

0/20

04

21/1

2/20

04

03/0

3/20

05

14/0

5/20

05

25/0

7/20

05

05/1

0/20

05

16/1

2/20

05

26/0

2/20

06

09/0

5/20

06

20/0

7/20

06

30/0

9/20

06

11/1

2/20

06

21/0

2/20

07

04/0

5/20

07

15/0

7/20

07

25/0

9/20

07

06/1

2/20

07

16/0

2/20

08

28/0

4/20

08

09/0

7/20

08

19/0

9/20

08

30/1

1/20

08

10/0

2/20

09

23/0

4/20

09

04/0

7/20

09

14/0

9/20

09

25/1

1/20

09

05/0

2/20

10

18/0

4/20

10

PM

10 µ

g/m

³

PM10 ME1

We observe a typical annual summer-winter course of the air pollutants, a big problem in

the alpine regions

summersummer

winter2003

winter2004

winter2010

summer

The most important air pollutants in South Tyrol

2007

4,57%

3,82%

3,53%

0,52%

6,42%

0,06%

1,29%

28,60%

1,89%

Heating with wood44,92%

Rest - domestic combustion4,36%

HäuslicheVerbrennung

48%

Energieumwandlung Industrielle Verbrennungsprozesse Produktionsprozesse

Verwendung von Lösungsmitteln Andere mobile Quellen und Maschinen Abfallbehandlung und –entsorgung

Landwirtschaft Biogene Quellen Straßenverkehr

PM10 Emissions 2007

domesticheating

48 %

streettraffic

28,6 %

93,5% PM10 of domesticheatingproduced by

combustion of wood

Source: – Environmental Agency of Bolzano – South Tyrol / Italy

NOx Emissions South Tyrol 2007 (7.631 t)

1,98%

8,46%

5,38%

0,24%

8,73%

0,25%

0,31%

Brennerautobahn34%

MeBo3%

Restlicher Verkehr39%

Verkehr77%

Energieumwandlung Nicht-industrielle Verbrennungsprozesse Industrielle Verbrennungsprozesse

Produktionsprozesse Andere mobile Quellen und Maschinen Abfallbehandlung und –entsorgung

Landwirtschaft

streettraffic

77 %

44% of street traffic NOx produced bythe A22 highway


A22 - NOx Emissions 2007

20%

6%

72%

2%

Automobili

Veicoli leggeri < 3_5 t

Veicoli pesanti > 3_5 t e autobus

Motocicli (> 50 cm3)

A22 Highway NOx Emissions 2007

Heavy Transport > 3,5 t

= 72%

passengercars = 20%

Transport < 3,5 t = 6%

Motorbikes = 2 %


Air Quality Network in South Tyrol

Air Quality Network in South Tyrol

Exposed to traffic

Highway A22 background

NO2 - annual mean [µg/m³]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Bruneck/Brunico NO2 µg/m3

Brixen/Bressanone NO2 µg/m3

Bozen/Bolzano/1-2-4-5 NO2 µg/m3

Meran/Merano NO2 µg/m3

Sterzing/Vipiteno NO2 µg/m3

Ritten/Renon NO2 µg/m3

Latsch/Laces NO2 µg/m3

A22 Schrambach NO2

NO2 – annual average from 1977 to 2009(stationary situation)

A22

Bolzano

background station1770m above sea level

Laces

Trend of the annual NO2/NOx ratio since 2000

Trend of annual NO2 / Nox in %

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

0,40

0,45

0,50

0,55

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

BZ1 avg NO2/NOx

BZ4 avg NO2/NOx

BZ5 avg NO2/NOx

LS1 avg NO2/NOx

ME1 avg NO2/NOx

ME2 avg NO2/NOx

BR1 avg NO2/NOx

ST1 avg NO2/NOx

BX1 avg NO2/NOx

AB1 avg NO2/NOx

SA1 avg NO2/NOx

Source: Environmental Agency of Bolzano – South Tyrol / Italy

Highway A22

NO2 monthly average from 2000 to 2010

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

gen

-00

mag

-00

set-00

gen

-01

mag

-01

set-01

gen

-02

mag

-02

set-02

gen

-03

mag

-03

set-03

gen

-04

mag

-04

set-04

gen

-05

mag

-05

set-05

gen

-06

mag

-06

set-06

gen

-07

mag

-07

set-07

gen

-08

mag

-08

set-08

gen

-09

mag

-09

set-09

gen

-10

mag

-10

µg/m

³

A22 Schrambach VOMP / Raststätte A12 NO2

NO2 monthly average A12 (North Tyrol) and A22(South T yrol)

A12 Vomp North Tyrol

A22 Schrambach South TyrolBoth stations are placed in a distance of 5 meters from the highway

67632009

66652008

69652007

73762006

66742005

67662004

SchrambachA22 (Italy)

Vomp A12 (Austria)

Annual averageNO2 in µg/m³

PM10 – annual mean

PM10

Jahresmittelwerte / medie annuali [µg/m³]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

BZ4 BZ5 LS1ME1 ME2 LA1BR1 ST1 BX1AB1 Grenzwert - valore limite

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

BZ2

BZ4

BZ5

LS1

BZK

ME1

ME2

ME_TK

LA1

GA1

BR1

ST1

BX1

AB1

AB2

CR1

PM10 – Nr. of violations of the limit of 50 µg/m³(2007, 2008 and 2009 no violations of the limit!)

Limit = 30/year

PM10 – Nr. of violations of the limit of 50 µg/m³

2009 6563 73141162079712

9673658114181113912until 06.06.2010

1814248472113826161816262008

41017524741115279222007

3338232792943236234433457200630

52342222378638592005

432028497062572004

63125397(84)752003

5817245556782002

5112305747116200135

AB2AB1CR1BX1ST1BR1LA1MEKME2ME1BZKLS1BZ5BZ4yearLimit

PM10 – In the spring transport from the south

TRENTO

BOLZANO

PM10 daily average 01.01.2009 - 26.05.2010

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

01/0

1/20

09

15/0

1/20

09

29/0

1/20

09

12/0

2/20

09

26/0

2/20

09

12/0

3/20

09

26/0

3/20

09

09/0

4/20

09

23/0

4/20

09

07/0

5/20

09

21/0

5/20

09

04/0

6/20

09

18/0

6/20

09

02/0

7/20

09

16/0

7/20

09

30/0

7/20

09

13/0

8/20

09

27/0

8/20

09

10/0

9/20

09

24/0

9/20

09

08/1

0/20

09

22/1

0/20

09

05/1

1/20

09

19/1

1/20

09

03/1

2/20

09

17/1

2/20

09

31/1

2/20

09

14/0

1/20

10

28/0

1/20

10

11/0

2/20

10

25/0

2/20

10

11/0

3/20

10

25/0

3/20

10

08/0

4/20

10

22/0

4/20

10

06/0

5/20

10

20/0

5/20

10

µg/

m³

BZ4

ME1

ME2

BX1

BR1

ST1

RE1

LA1

BZ5

AB1

AB2

LS1

CR1

Limit

March2009

March2010

Source: NOAA

Bolzano

Trento

Verona

wind fromsouth

Source: NOAA

PM10 daily average in Verona, Rovereto, Trento, Con ca Bolzano & Merano

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

01/0

1/20

06

10/0

1/20

06

19/0

1/20

06

28/0

1/20

06

06/0

2/20

06

15/0

2/20

06

24/0

2/20

06

05/0

3/20

06

14/0

3/20

06

23/0

3/20

06

01/0

4/20

06

10/0

4/20

06

19/0

4/20

06

28/0

4/20

06

07/0

5/20

06

16/0

5/20

06

25/0

5/20

06

03/0

6/20

06

12/0

6/20

06

21/0

6/20

06

30/0

6/20

06

09/0

7/20

06

18/0

7/20

06

27/0

7/20

06

05/0

8/20

06

14/0

8/20

06

23/0

8/20

06

01/0

9/20

06

10/0

9/20

06

19/0

9/20

06

28/0

9/20

06

07/1

0/20

06

16/1

0/20

06

25/1

0/20

06

03/1

1/20

06

12/1

1/20

06

21/1

1/20

06

30/1

1/20

06

09/1

2/20

06

18/1

2/20

06

27/1

2/20

06

05/0

1/20

07

14/0

1/20

07

23/0

1/20

07

µg/m

³

Media Verona Media Trento Media Bolzano e Merano Limite giornaliero

PM10 – daily average comparison betweenVerona – Trento - Bolzano

VR

TN

BZ

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

gen-

03

mar

-03

mag

-03

lug-

03

set-

03

nov-

03

gen-

04

mar

-04

mag

-04

lug-

04

set-

04

nov-

04

gen-

05

mar

-05

mag

-05

lug-

05

set-

05

nov-

05

gen-

06

mar

-06

mag

-06

lug-

06

set-

06

nov-

06

gen-

07

mar

-07

mag

-07

lug-

07

set-

07

nov-

07

gen-

08

mar

-08

mag

-08

lug-

08

set-

08

nov-

08

gen-

09

mar

-09

mag

-09

Nr.

supe

ram

enti

al m

ese

PM10 VE Cason TN Gardolo München Stachus PM10 BZ5 PM10 ME1

Nr. of violations of the limit of 50 µg/m³ on the no rth and the south side of the Alps

Po valley

Trento Bolzano/ Merano

South

Tyrol

Munich

PM2,5 – annual average in South Tyrol(falling trend)

Limit proposed: 25 µg/m³

AB2 AB1 LA1 LS1 BZ5 BZ4 Data

15,5215,5017,917,715,5514,372009

15,1413,7319,11715,7215,412008

16,915,4715,7817,162007

17,3519,1321,952006

18,502005

Countermeasures to domestic combustionheating systems with biomass

The problem appears especially in the rural areas o f South Tyrol . In South Tyrol, the action plan also provides the p rohibition of heating with

additional stoves in case of a continuous situation of pollution

Foto: L.MinachFoto: L.Minach

Example Val Venosta in the second half of december (2006, 2007, 2008)

PM10 Comparison between Laces (Val Venosta) and the other measuring stations in South Tyrol in the period from 12. 12. 2007 to 10. 01. 2008

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

12/12/2007

13/12/2007

14/12/2007

15/12/2007

16/12/2007

17/12/2007

18/12/2007

19/12/2007

20/12/2007

21/12/2007

22/12/2007

23/12/2007

24/12/2007

25/12/2007

26/12/2007

27/12/2007

28/12/2007

29/12/2007

30/12/2007

31/12/2007

01/01/2008

02/01/2008

03/01/2008

04/01/2008

05/01/2008

06/01/2008

07/01/2008

08/01/2008

09/01/2008

10/01/2008

µg/m

³

PM10 AB1 A22 Schrambach PM10 AB2 A22 Neumarkt PM10 BR1

PM10 BX1 PM10 BZ Talkessel PM10 LA1

PM10 ME Talkessel PM10 ST1 Schwellwert

LacesFOTO

Laces in the Venosta Valley (21/12/2007)

Foto: L. Minach APPA Bolzano – Landesumweltagentu r Bozen – 2007

BOLZANO 2000-2004

PM10 e ricoveri respiratori

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

gen-

00apr-

00lu

g-00

ott-00

gen-01

apr-01

lug-01

ott-01

gen-0

2apr-

02lug-0

2ott-

02ge

n-03

apr-03

lug-0

3ott-0

3ge

n-04

apr -04

lug-0

4ott-

04

med

ie m

ensi

li P

M10

.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

frequenza mensile

PM10 ricoveri respiratori

MISA study for South Tyrol

Montly average of PM10 compared with the number of recove red peoplebecause of respiratory problems in the hospital of Bolza no from 2000 to 2004

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ��Air quality

very good

good

to supervise

possible limit violations

Merano

Bolzano

Bressanone

Brunico

The red area corresponds to only 2.7% of South Tyrol, but 45% of the population are living there

Air quality zoning 2003 in South Tyrol

Ecological zonesThree types:

intermediate zoneit corresponds to the “red”zones of the air plan.They are the zones where, until 2009, there were no traffic restrictions

Ecological zoneIt is the zone where the rules of the action plan are appliedand where the circulation of the most air polluting vehicles is prohibited

Pedestrian zone (ZTL)Only the circulation of the less air polluting vehicles is allowed

measures takendriving bans

Foto Dolomiten, Erika Gamper

Regulations of the traffic limitsprogram for several years

INFO: www.provinz.bz.it/guteluftall vehicles driving with gas are allowed to circulate

to introduce in allcommunitie

s of the zone

(*)

Gasoline cars starting from Euro 2, diesel vehicles with filter with a minimum

efficiency of 80%

Cars starting from Euro 2, vehicles > 7,5t with filter or Euro 4/5 are allowed

Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motocycles, alldiesel vehicles without filter with a

minimum efficiency of 80%

Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motorcycles, diesel vehicleswithout filter

Euro 0 and Euro 101/11/2009-31/03/2010

3

Cars starting from Euro 2, vehicles > 3,5t with filter


Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motocycles, diesel vehicles without filter


01/11/2008-31/03/2009

2

Vehicles starting from Euro 2 are allowedVehicles starting from Euro 2 are allowed

Euro 0 and 1 and all two-stroke motocycles(first generation of catalysts)

Euro 0 and 1 and all two-stroke motorcycles (first generation of catalysts)

01/11/2007-31/03/2008

1

Vehicles with catalyst are allowedVehicles with catalyst are allowed

Euro 0 and two-stroke motocycles withoutcatalyst

Euro 0 and two-stroke motorcycles without catalyst01/11/2006-31/03/2007

0

7.00 - 10.00 a.m. and 4.00 - 7.00 p.m.

7 of 7 days / 24 of 24 hoursfrom Monday to Friday

Pedestrian ZoneEcological Zone (*)Intermediate Zone

PeriodStep

RED: Vehicles which are subject of limitationsGREEN: vehicles which are allowed to

circulate

Regulations of the traffic limitsprogram for several years

INFO: www.provinz.bz.it/guteluftall vehicles driving with gas are allowed to circulate

to introduce in allcommunitie

s of the zone

(*)

Gasoline cars starting from Euro 2, diesel vehicles with filter with a minimum

efficiency of 80%


Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motocycles, alldiesel vehicles without filter with a

minimum efficiency of 80%


Euro 0 and Euro 101/11/2009-31/03/2010

3

Cars starting from Euro 2, vehicles > 3,5t with filter


Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motocycles, diesel vehicles without filter


01/11/2008-31/03/2009

2

Vehicles starting from Euro 2 are allowedVehicles starting from Euro 2 are allowed

Euro 0 and 1 and all two-stroke motocycles(first generation of catalysts)

Euro 0 and 1 and all two-stroke motorcycles (first generation of catalysts)

01/11/2007-31/03/2008

1

Vehicles with catalyst are allowedVehicles with catalyst are allowed

Euro 0 and two-stroke motocycles withoutcatalyst

Euro 0 and two-stroke motorcycles without catalyst01/11/2006-31/03/2007

0

7.00 - 10.00 a.m. and 4.00 - 7.00 p.m.

7 of 7 days / 24 of 24 hoursfrom Monday to Friday

Pedestrian ZoneEcological Zone (*)Intermediate Zone

PeriodStep

RED: Vehicles which are subject of limitationsGREEN: vehicles which are allowed to

circulate

Not in use because of national regulation from 2008 for Particulate

filters.

Problem: no admitted filter available in Italy

Action plan

all vehicles driving with gas are allowed tocirculate

to introduce in allcommunities of the zone

(*)

Gasoline cars starting from Euro 2, diesel vehicles with filter with a minimum efficiency

of 80%

Vehicles of the first phase are allowedwith at least 2 passengers on board

Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motocycles, alldiesel vehicles without filter with a minimum

efficiency of 80%

01/11/2009 -31/03/2010

3

IDEMIDEM01/11/2008 -31/03/2009

2

IDEMIDEM01/11/2007 -31/03/2008

1

Vehicles with catalyst and trucks or busseswith partiuclate filter or Euro 4/5 are allowed


Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motocycles, alldiesel vehicles without particulate filter

01/11/2006 -31/03/2007

0

7.00 a.m. - 7.00 p.m.7.00 a.m. - 7.00 p.m.

second phasefirst phase

Ecological Zone (*) and PedestrianZone

Ecological Zone (*) and Pedestrian ZoneIntermediate ZonePeriodStep

RED: Vehicles which are subject of limitations

GREEN: vehicles which are allowed tocirculate

Action plan

all vehicles driving with gas are allowed tocirculate

to introduce in allcommunities of the zone

(*)

Gasoline cars starting from Euro 2, diesel vehicles with filter with a minimum efficiency

of 80%


Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motocycles, alldiesel vehicles without filter with a minimum

efficiency of 80%

01/11/2009 -31/03/2010

3

IDEMIDEM01/11/2008 -31/03/2009

2

IDEMIDEM01/11/2007 -31/03/2008

1

Vehicles with catalyst and trucks or busseswith partiuclate filter or Euro 4/5 are allowed


Euro 0 and 1, two-stroke motocycles, alldiesel vehicles without particulate filter

01/11/2006 -31/03/2007

0

7.00 a.m. - 7.00 p.m.7.00 a.m. - 7.00 p.m.

second phasefirst phase

Ecological Zone (*) and PedestrianZone

Ecological Zone (*) and Pedestrian ZoneIntermediate ZonePeriodStep

RED: Vehicles which are subject of limitations

GREEN: vehicles which are allowed tocirculate

Not in use because the limit of 30 excedences per year

was not exceeded

driving bans in the cities since 2003INFO: www.provinz.bz.it/guteluft

Preventive driving bansapprox. 20% of the vehicles are concerned

The action plan (more restrictive!) concerns approx. 50% of the vehicles

driving bans in the cities since 2003INFO: www.provinz.bz.it/guteluft

two-stroke motocycles

Euro 0 -1

for

4 - 7 p.m.

7 - 10 a.m.

Mon - Fr

from… to…

for clean air in Bolzano

Preventive measures

Preventive driving bansapprox. 20% of the vehicles are concerned

The action plan (more restrictive!) concerns approx. 50% of the vehicles

two-stroke motocycles

for diesel vehicles(without particulate filter)

7 a.m. - 7 p.m.

because of air pollution

Measuresin case

of emergency

Result of the driving bans (summary)

During the driving bans (action plan) we have observed that, with relatively stable weather conditions, the PM10 decreased up to 40%

With long-distance transport of PM10 the driving bans are ineffective.

driving bans (concerning alternately cars with even and odd plates (registration numbers) generate only

a very low decrease of the traffic (10 - 15%) and sh ow no significant decrease of the PM10 values

2007 Introduction of coloured vignettescorresponds to an ecological classification of the vehicle

INFO: www.provinz.bz.it/guteluft/bollini/index.asp

The result was a big sensitization of the people en couraging them to the purchase of more environmentally friendly vehicles

Measures taken since November 2006

Traffic

• Ecological zones step zero

• New action plan

• Extension of tax exemptions for cars with particulate filters and cars powered with gas

• Free parking for vehicles powered with gas or vehicles with particulate filter

streets:

• Less grit in urban areas

• CMA tests in Merano

• No street cleaning during periods of high PM10 values

• Street cleaning with water

Measures taken since november 2006

Heating

• When the action plan comes into effect, addtional heati ng withwood is forbidden.

• Stricter controls regarding the combustion of domestic wast e

• Climate House Category B as a standard in new residenti alareas

Building sites

• Controls and precautions to reduce the swirling up of dust

• Coordination between different communities

• Formation of a team to work on a guideline for building s ites.


Industry:

• Monitoring of the major sources of emission

transport:

• Installation of particulate filters in busses

• Purchase of busses powered with methane

• Formation of a team for the promotion of car-pooling and flexible working hours

• Refund of costs for annual subscription to public transpor t forthe owners of a vehicle affected by the driving bans.


Planning

• Planning and coordination between the province and the communities regarding the realization of preferential lanes forpublic transport and park & ride systems

• Planning of connecting cycle paths between the communit ies

Organization

• In case of the action plan coming into effect school le ssonsshould start 2 hours later.

• Postponement of the core working time for public empl oyees


Information and sensitization

• Continuation of the information campaign “Active for goo d air quality”

• Attendance at the “Week of mobility”

• Car-free sundays in all communities of a certain area

• Better information for the population (SMS, tv…)

Objectives for 2010

Ecological zones:• No diesel vehicle without particulate filter

Action plan:• Emergency measures regarding the traffic• Different starts of school lessons• Free access to public transport• Car-pooling

Heating systems:• More district heating and central heating facilities• Revaluation of incentives• Conversion to gas • Campaigns of sensitization for correct heating with wood

Objectives for 2010

Building sites• Incentives for the installation of filter systems at the building

machinery• Enacting a guideline regarding building sites

Streets:• Street cleaning and use of CMA• Better collaboration between street service and the commun ities• Installation of filter systems at the street cleaning ma chinery

Objectives for 2010

Transport:• „clean busses in the cities”

• Realization of preferential lanes for public transport in o rder toaccelerate it and to increase the use of it.

• Realization and extension of cycle paths connecting communities

• Realization of park & ride systems in coordination with th e preferential lanes and the cycle paths.

• Incentives for car-pooling and car-sharing.

Information for the people

•stamp

•TV

•Radio

•call center

•free sms service

•Internet

Homepage:www.provinz.bz.it/guteluftwww.provincia.bz.it/ariapulita

Free SMS service informs about drivingbans

The problem is not as much the wood combustion itself, but the bad combustion of

some stoves in every village

Foto: L.Minach

Latsch: BaP annual average of 2009 = 2,8 ng/m³!

District heating helps to decrease emmissionsand CO2

By now, there are 60 district heatingfacilities in South TyrolEnergy produced: 380 million kWhQuantity of wood required: 250.000 m³Fuel oil reduction: about 45 mio. litresCO2 reduction: about 137.000 tons

Is district heating going to substitute the stove in thekitchen or in the living room ?

Therefore, correct heating will be important for having clean air !

Important: thermic insulation of buildings!

Fire and flame – withoutsmokeAn information brochure issued by stove-fitters and chimney-sweeps of the association of trade

www.lvh.it/lvhPortal/Berufsgruppen/hafner_16020

Information is the best countermeasure (information evenings for the population in the

single municipalities)

Now we are working on the new air quality plan.

A main focus is directed on measures to counter NO2 and PM10 and on the new zoning

of the air quality areas in South Tyrol

•2 zones provided

Merano

Bolzano

Bressanone

Brunico


1. NO2 limits exceeded in some zones, therefore a reduc tion plan isnecessary!

2. PM10: general measures regarding traffic and wood comb ustion

•2 zones provided

Merano

Bolzano

Bressanone

Brunico


any other details available at the moment!

1. NO2 limits exceeded in some zones, therefore a reduc tion plan isnecessary!

2. PM10: general measures regarding traffic and wood comb ustion

Thank you for your attention!

[email protected]

Günter Kerschbaumer - (Qualitat de l’aire i mesures preses al Tirol del Sud – Itàlia)

Technology

Transcript of Günter Kerschbaumer - (Qualitat de l’aire i mesures preses al Tirol del Sud – Itàlia)