G.S fish ID research project

Title: fish 1 Species #: sw

Common Name: spotted sweetlips

Scientific Name: plectorhinchus chaetodonoides

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum:

plectorhinchus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: haemulidae

Geography / Habitat: A 500 gallon or larger aquarium is required due to its size and

eating habits. It grows at a rapid pace to almost three feet in length. It needs a larger tank

to provide it with ample swimming room and plenty of hiding places. If placed in a reef

aquarium, the Spotted Sweetlips will eat smaller crustaceans, smaller fireworms, serpent

stars, small snails, and polychaete worms.

Life Strategy: The Spotted Sweetlips, also known as the Clown Sweetlips or Harlequin

Sweetlips, changes color as it matures. As a juvenile, it has a brown base covered with large

white dots with darker margins. As an adult, the body color changes to white with black

dots.

Food / Feed Strategy: When first introduced into the aquarium, live saltwater feeder

shrimp should be used to entice this fish to eat. Once it has acclimated, most marine

carnivore preparations will be acceptable.

Body Form or Style: compressiform

Swim / Locomotion Style: carangiform

Mouth Position: terminal

Citation: http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=15+33+180&pcatid=180


Common Name: Threadfin butterflyfish

Scientific Name: Chaetodon auriga


Chordata

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Chaetodontidae

Geography / Habitat:

The Threadfin Butterflyfish is found in the Indo-Pacific.

Life Strategy:

. This is a peaceful species but it is not really a reef compatible fish since likes to eat

invertebrates. It can be kept with live-rock, but it will pick at the rock. If you keep more

than one Butterflyfish (regardless of species) in the aquarium they might fight each other,

especially if they are similar in size and shape

Food / Feed Strategy:

This is an omnivore species. In the wild, the Threadfin Butterflyfish feeds chiefly by tearing

pieces from annelid worms, coral polyps, and sea anemones, and it is also fond of algae.



Mouth Position: pharyngeal

Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/Butterflyfish/Threadfin.php


Common Name: Longnose Hawkfish

Scientific Name: Oxycirrhites typus


Chordata

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Cirrhitidae

Geography / Habitat: The Longnose Hawkfish is found in the Indo-Pacific and Eastern

Pacific. In the Indo-Pacific, its geographical range stretches from the Red Sea and South

Africa to Hawaii; as far north as southern Japan and as far south as New Caledonia. In the

Eastern-Pacific, this species is found from the Gulf of California to the northern coast of

Colombia and the Galapagos Islands

Life Strategy:

The Longnose Hawkfish has a white body with red striping that runs both horizontally and

vertically. They have great personalities and are very interesting to watch. They are also

the only Hawkfish reported to have spawned in captivity.


The Longnose Hawkfish is a predatory species that needs a carnivore diet in the aquarium. In the

wild, it will spend most of its time perched on a rock, coral or similar waiting for a suitable prey

to come by. Once a suitable food item has been located, the fish will quickly strike out and seize

it. This fish has conical teeth adapted for grasping benthic and free-swimming crustaceans which

make up the staple of its diet.

Body Form or Style sagittiform


Mouth Position: tubular

Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/Hawkfish/longnose.php


Common Name: kaudern cardinal

Scientific Name: pterapogon


pterapogon

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: apongonidae

Geography / Habitat: A 30 gallon or larger aquarium with a cave and peaceful tank mates

is ideal for this slow and methodical swimmer. Due to its aggressive behavior towards

conspecifics, it should not be kept in large groups, though they do like to have a few other

Cardinalfish around.

Life Strategy: The Kaudern's Cardinal is relatively easy to breed in the aquarium setting.

Once spawning has occurred, the male carries the eggs in his mouth to protect them.

Food / Feed Strategy:. The Kaudern's Cardinal should be fed a well balanced diet of meaty

foods such as feeder shrimp, marine flesh, bloodworms, and depending on its size, live

feeder fish






Common Name: snowflake eel

Scientific Name: echidna nebuosa

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: echidna

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: muaenidae

Geography / Habitat: is found in the Indo-Pacific Islands

Life Strategy: the snowflake eel can be with fish the it cant easily swallow

Food / Feed Strategy: it a nocturnal predator ambushing fish

Body Form or Style anguilliform

Swim / Locomotion Style: anguilliform


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowflake_moray


Common Name: bicolor foxface

Scientific Name: lo uspi

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: lo

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: siganidae

Geography / Habitat: is found in the fiji

Life Strategy: Be careful when handling the Bicolor Foxface Rabbitfish, because it is

venomous and can deliver a painful sting. If you are stung, soak the area in hot water (as

hot as you can stand without getting burned). If you are allergic to the venom you can

develop a serious reaction so immediate medical attention is strongly recommended. Do not

wait for serious symptoms to develop.


The Bicolor Foxface Rabbitfish is an omnivore species and a large portion of its diet

consists of seaweed in the wild. Encourage natural algae growth in the aquarium

since this makes it possible for the fish to carry outs its natural grazing behavior.

This species is for instance known to eat hair algae and caulerpa. Supplement the

natural algae growth with algae and algae based foods and fresh vegetables to make

sure that your fish gets enough nutrition.

Body Form or Style fusiform


Mouth Position: supraterminal

Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/Rabbitfish/BicolorFoxface.php


Common Name: emperor angelfish

Scientific Name: pomacanthus imperator

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: pomacanthus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: pomacanthidae

Geography / Habitat: The Emperor Angelfish lives in the Indo-Pacific. Its range stretches

from East Africa and the Red Sea to Hawaii, the Equatorial Islands, and the Tuamotu

Archipelago of French Polynesia. Northwards, the range proceeds up to southern Japan

and the Ogasawara Islands. Southwards, you can find this species down to Australia's

Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia and the Austral Islands of French Polynesia. Emperor

Angelfish has not been encountered in the waters around Easter Island, Rapa Island or the

Marquesan Islands.

Life Strategy: The Emperor Angelfish is considered moderately difficult to keep and is not

recommended for novice marine aquarists. It should only be placed in mature and stable

aquariums with ideal water conditions.

Food / Feed Strategy: In the wild, the Emperor Angelfish feeds primarily on sponges and

other encrusting organisms, but it is also fond of tunicates, other animals, algae, and

vascular plants. Young adult specimens can work as cleaners and remove parasites from

larger fish.

Body Form or Style depressiform



Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/Marine-angelfish/Emperor.php


Common Name: fuzzy dwarf lionfish

Scientific Name: dendrochirus brachyterus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: dendrochirus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: scorpaenidae

Geography / Habitat: they live in indo pacific

Life Strategy: A 50 gallon or larger aquarium with numerous hiding places is suitable. It

will hide while acclimating to its new environment. The top spines are venomous, causing

reactions similar to a bee sting. The Fuzzy Dwarf Lionfish is a personable fish that quickly

recognizes and responds to its owners presence.

Food / Feed Strategy: When first introduced into the aquarium, live saltwater feeder

shrimp should be used to entice this fish to eat. The Dwarf Lionfish diet consists of meaty

foods such as live shrimp (including ornamental shrimp), live fish, and sometimes,

crustacean flesh.



Mouth Position: subterminal



Common Name: leaf fish

Scientific Name: taenianotus tricanthus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: taenianotus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: scropaenidae

Geography / Habitat: It inhabits pools, swamps, creeks and slow-moving rivers. It occurs

most frequently in areas of submerged vegetation around the banks of these.

Life Strategy: A species tank is highly preferable, although it can be kept with medium-

sized loricariids and armoured catfish without too many problems. Other quiet species

which are too large to be eaten, such as gouramis, Ctenopoma and West African dwarf

cichlids are also possibilities. Small fish will certainly be eaten.

It is possible to maintain a small group of this species in a suitably large tank, as it is not

particularly aggressive towards conspecifics.

Food / Feed Strategy: It is carnivorous and often will only accept live food. Bloodworm and

small earthworms are good choices. Some specimens can be trained to accept dead

alternatives but will only feed on items that are moving through the water column.

Although it is highly piscivorous in nature, there is no need to feed P. abbreviata live fish in

the aquarium.



Mouth Position: superterminal

Citation: http://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/polycentropsis-abbreviata/


Common Name: purple fire fish

Scientific Name: nemateleotris decora

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: nemateleotris

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: grbiidae

Geography / Habitat: It requires a 10 gallon or larger aquarium with plenty of loose coral

rubble as part of the aquascape, and a tight-fitting lid to prevent it from jumping out of the

tank. It will rarely become aggressive towards other fish, but is territorial, and will fight

with its own kind unless they are a mated pair.

Life Strategy: The Purple Firefish, also known as the Decorated Firefish, Purple Dartfish,

Decorated Dartfish, or Flame Firefish, was first discovered in the Indo-west-Pacific Ocean

in 1973 by Randall and Allen. The colorful body base is varied degrees of yellow to white,

and deep shades of purple which begin at the head and ends with maroon-tipped fins.

Food / Feed Strategy: The Purple Firefish will feed mostly on prey suspended in the water

column, but will pick food off the substrate. Its varied diet should consist of chopped or

shaved seafood, frozen food preparations for carnivores, vitamin-enriched brine shrimp,

and mysis shrimp. The vibrant coloring will fade if not fed a vitamin-enriched diet.

Body Form or Style taeniform





Common Name: maroon clownfish

Scientific Name: premnas biaculeatus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: premnas

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: pomacentridae

Geography / Habitat:. There is a type of maroon clownfish with gold stripes instead of

white that originates from Malaysia and can be found in the trade every now and then. The

regular maroon clownfish originates from an area stretching from the Indo-Malayan

Archipelago to northern Queensland.

Life Strategy: The Maroon clownfish is more expensive than most other clownfish species.

Add to this that it has poor resistance to diseases and is one of the most aggressive

clownfish species and you will see why this clownfish is less suitable for beginners than

many other clownfish species. The maroon clownfish grows ever more aggressive as it

grows older and will attack anything that approaches its anemone. Besides from that, they

are usually primarily aggressive towards other clownfish but might bully smaller fish of

other species as well.

Food / Feed Strategy: The Maroon clownfish is just like most other clownfish easy to feed

and will accept most foods including marine flake food. Some wild caught specimens might

reject flake food. Give your fish a varied diet consisting of both vegetable and meatier

foods. A good diet might be built around a high quality vitamin enriched flake food that is

complemented with different types of small frozen foods such as Cyclops, plus vegetable

matter. Feed them 2-3 times a day.

Body Form or Style compressiform



Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/clownfish/maroon.php


Common Name: green mandarin

Scientific Name: synchiropus spendidus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: synchiropus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: callionymidae

Geography / Habitat: The Green Mandarinfish lives in the western Pacific Ocean and has

been found in the waters of Australia, China (Taiwan), Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia,

Micronesia, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines. The

geographical range stretches from the Ryukyu Islands of Japan to Australia. This species is

only found in tropical waters.

Life Strategy: The Green Mandarinfish is an extremely docile and friendly species and it

should not be combined with aggressive species in the aquarium. Even species that leave

the Green Mandarinfish alone can cause problems by gulping down all the food before the

dawdling Mandarinfish gets a chance to catch any. Even though mandarins typically live in

groups or pairs in the wild, they are known to be quite intolerant of their own species when

kept in small aquariums. It is never a good idea to combine two males unless your

aquarium is very big and cleverly decorated, because the fighting can result in severe

injuries or even death.

Food / Feed Strategy: The Green Mandarinfish searches for food on the bottom and will chiefly feed on small crustaceans, e.g. amphipods and isopods. They are also fond of protozoa and tiny aquatic worms.




Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/Dragonets/greenmandarinfish.php


Common Name: coral hogfish

Scientific Name: bodianus mesothorax

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: bodianus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: labridae

Geography / Habitat: Indo-West Pacific

Life Strategy: Should be kept with more aggressive tankmates

Food / Feed Strategy: Meaty foodes such as Mysis and Brine Shrimp as well as live black worms and live grass shrimp




Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/marinefish/Bodianus-mesothora.php


Common Name: two spot goby

Scientific Name: signigobius biocellatus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: signigobius

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: gobiidae

Geography / Habitat: It should reside in a 10 gallon or larger aquarium with live sand as a substrate, and an attached populated refugium. It will rarely act aggressively towards other fish, but is territorial, and

will fight with its own kind unless they are a mated pair.

Life Strategy: The Two Spot Goby is also referred to as the Twinspot Goby, Signal Goby, or Crabeye Goby. The head and body are white splattered with orange markings. Its erect dorsal fins are distinctly

marked by eyespots

Food / Feed Strategy: Usually the Two Spot Goby feeds off the bottom sifting through the sand for food. It should be fed a variety of either live or vitamin-enriched frozen brine shrimp, mysis shrimp, live black

worms, and prepared foods for carnivores.






Common Name: starcki damsel

Scientific Name: chrysiptera starcki

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: chrysiptera

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: pomacentridae

Geography / Habitat: The Starcki Damsel is a good choice for beginners since it is less

aggressive and does not need as large of a tank as many of the other damselfish. These

damsels are aggressive towards their own kind and only one per aquarium should be kept,

unless the aquarium is very large. It will ignore invertebrates in the aquarium and feeds on

zooplankton and algae, which makes it a good fish for the reef aquarium.

Life Strategy: The Starcki Damsel, also known as the Starcks Demoiselle, comes from the reefs of the Coral Sea. This damsel is bright blue, with the dorsal side of the fish colored in an energizing yellow. The tail

and the lower part of the jaw are also yellow. This is a very active fish that will add movement to any

marine aquarium

Food / Feed Strategy: A varied diet of meaty items such as mysis shrimp and vitamin-enriched brine shrimp should be offered.






Common Name: spotted grouper

Scientific Name: epineplus summana

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: epineplus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: serranidae

Geography / Habitat: A 180 gallon or larger aquarium is required due to its size and feeding habits. It is an extremely aggressive fish and may eat tank mates as well as crustaceans.

Life Strategy: The Spotted Grouper, also known as the Whitespotted Grouper, Summan Grouper, or Speckled Fin Grouper, has a dark brown to black body marked by white polka-dots

Food / Feed Strategy: The Spotted Grouper prefers a diet of meaty foods such as krill, shrimp, and other small fish.






Common Name: tassle filefish

Scientific Name: chaetodermis pencilligerus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: chaetodermis

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: monacanthidae

Geography / Habitat: It is best suited for a 70 gallon or larger aquarium with weedy areas, rocks, and at least one suitable shelter. It is a peaceful fish that does not bother fish tank mates, with the exception of members of its own family or related kinds.

Life Strategy: The Tassle Filefish, also known as the Leafy Filefish or Prickly Leatherjacket Filefish, is camouflaged by its light body with dark horizontal stripes.

Food / Feed Strategy: The Tassle Filefish feeds on a diet of meaty foods including chopped shrimp, squid, clams, fish, and frozen algae and vitamin enriched foods. It should be fed no fewer than three times

per day.




Citation:


Common Name: banana wrasse

Scientific Name: thalassoma lutescens

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: thalassoma

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: labridae

Geography / Habitat: It should reside in a 125 gallon or larger aquarium, with other aggressive tank mates, such as Tangs, Puffers and small Triggers and Angels. They are active fish and require plenty of rocks for hiding and a tight-fitting lid. It will become territorial and harass any new additions to the community, therefore, it should be added last to the tank. It may be kept with a mate, if the aquarium is 125 gallons or larger. It may eat mantis shrimp and bristleworms. It does not eat corals or live plants.

Life Strategy: The Banana Wrasse is also known as the Yellow-brown Wrasse, Sunset Wrasse, or Yellow Wrasse. As an adult, it takes on a yellow appearance if female, and a blue appearance if male. Both sexes

have facial markings in green and fine vertical striping along the body. The fins are very colorfully marked.

Food / Feed Strategy: The Banana Wrasse diet should include vitamin enriched frozen mysis shrimp, vitamin enriched frozen brine shrimp, and other meaty foods along with a high quality marine flake and

marine pellet food.






Common Name: bicolor blenny

Scientific Name: ecsenius biocolor

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: ecsenius

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: blenniidae

Geography / Habitat: Generally found amid crevices and rocks on the bottom of its environment, the Bicolor Blenny needs a tank of at least 30 gallons with scattered rocks for perching and hiding.

Life Strategy: These fishes are normally peaceful tank members, but have been known to pick at other blennies, smaller gobies and dartfish. They normally make a good addition to reef aquariums, but use

caution in smaller set ups, or with smaller fleshy corals, as they have been know to pick at the mantles of

clams, and at fleshy large polyp stony corals when underfed. In larger reef aquariums they rarely do

damage to these corals or clams.

Food / Feed Strategy: The diet of the Bicolor Blenny should include vegetable matter, including frozen and dried foods containing marine and blue-green algae. It will also feed on (and help control) algae

growing in the aquarium.






Common Name: black cap jawfish

Scientific Name: opistognathus randalli

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: opistognathus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: opistognathus

Geography / Habitat: It should reside in a 30 gallon or larger aquarium with a tight-fitting lid to prevent it from jumping out, and at least 3 inches of mixed substrate for burrowing. It poses a possible threat to small shrimp.

Life Strategy: The Black Cap Jawfish is hardy and will spawn successfully in an aquarium.

Food / Feed Strategy: The diet should consist of a variety of marine fish, crustacean flesh, and mysis shrimp. It prefers to be fed at least three times per day.


Swim / Locomotion Style: subcarangiform




Common Name: chalk bass

Scientific Name: serranus tortugarum

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: serranus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: serranidae

Geography / Habitat: A 30-gallon aquarium, with plenty of live rock for hiding, is ideal for the Chalk bass. They are not aggressive towards other fish, and multiple specimens can be added to the aquarium, as long as it is at the same time. They will not pick at corals or sessile invertebrates, and are a great fish for the reef aquarium. Larger specimens may attack small shrimps, especially those within the Periclimenes genus

Life Strategy: The Chalk Bass, from the Caribbean, is one of the smaller bass within this family, and is a great fish for beginners. The body is orange in color with a purple mid-section. Electric blue vertical bands,

which add to their appeal, accentuate these fish.

Food / Feed Strategy: An extremely hardy fish, the Chalk Bass requires a diet consisting of a variety of chopped meaty items, vitamin enriched brine and mysis shrimp and flake foods.






Common Name: convict tang

Scientific Name: acanthurus triostegus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: acanthurus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: acnthuridae

Geography / Habitat: It requires a large area in which to swim - at least a 125 gallon aquarium. It should not be included in a tank with other species of Tangs, since they will harass it. It will live peacefully with other Convict Tangs if all are introduced to the tank at the same time.

Life Strategy: Convict Tangs have no distinguishing characteristics which will help differentiate males from females. They are very difficult to breed in the aquarium setting because the fry remain in the

planktonic stage for months, and are in constant danger from filters.

Food / Feed Strategy: Although Tangs will eat meaty foods along with the other fish in the aquarium, it is important that they are offered plenty of marine based seaweed and algae. This will strengthen their

immune system, reduce aggression and improve their overall health. Offer dried seaweed tied to a rock or

use a veggie clip, and feed at least 3 times per week. Sea Veggies, Seaweed Salad and Ocean Nutrition are

all ideal products and are very easy to use.






Common Name: matted filefish

Scientific Name: acrechthys tomentousus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: acrechthys

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: monacanthidae

Geography / Habitat: It is a shy fish, and rarely aggressive towards other fish except those of its own genus. It is best suited for aquariums 30 gallons or larger that does not contain small invertebrates.

Life Strategy: These fish have been known to spawn in captivity, and males are normally large than the females, having fine bristle-like hairs on each side of their body down the caudal peduncle or base of the tail

Food / Feed Strategy: The Matted Filefish is known to eat Aiptasia anemone in the home aquarium, but normally nips at soft and stony corals as well. The diet should include shaved shrimp, squid, scallop, mysis

shrimp, freeze-dried krill soaked in a vitamin supplement, and frozen marine algae. The Matted Filefish

should be fed small quantities of food several times per day.

Body Form or Style dressiform





Common Name: black seahorse

Scientific Name: hippocampus erectus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: hippocampus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: syngnathidae

Geography / Habitat: These social fish thrive when kept as a mated pair or in small groups in a species-only aquarium. A 30 gallon aquarium is sufficient for a single pair. Add 20 gallons to the size of the aquarium for each additional pair. Spray bars may be used to create gentle flow while eliminating stagnant areas in the aquarium. Seahorses are not strong swimmers, preferring to use their prehensile tails to hitch to branching live rock, algae, or artificial decorations. Seahorses are less likely to contract Vibrio bacterial infections if the temperature is not allowed to exceed 74F. This is particularly important if the aquarium contains other species of Syngnathids. It is also necessary to remove detritus and uneaten food daily. Calcium and alkalinity levels must be monitored and maintained to keep their bony plates healthy.

Life Strategy: To witness the full beauty of the seahorse courtship ritual, an aquarium height of at least 16 inches is necessary. A male seahorse will court a female with elaborate dances and color changes. He will

open his pouch and flush it with water to show her that it is empty. If she is ready to mate, the pair will

intertwine tails and dance while ascending to the very top of the aquarium. During the descent the pair will

line up face to face, and the female will deposit her eggs into the male's pouch. Approximately 20 days later,

the male seahorse gives birth to an average of 300 demersal fry that are able to hitch at birth. When kept in

mated pairs, they will greet each other each morning with a short dance and display.

Food / Feed Strategy: Avoid fish that will out-compete the seahorse for food. These tank-bred seahorses are accustomed to frozen Mysis shrimp, making them a smart alternative to their wild-caught counterparts.

They will also feed upon amphipods and other small crustaceans found in live rock. They will also accept

vitamin-enriched adult brine shrimp, but this should not make up a majority of their diet. They are slow,

deliberate feeders and prefer two or more small feedings per day.

Body Form or Style na

Swim / Locomotion Style: na




Common Name: Ribbon eel

Scientific Name: Rhinomuraena quaesita

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Rhinomuraena

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: Muraenidae

Geography / Habitat: Sandy bottom and rubble zones near reefs and in lagoons. The Ribbon Eel needs to be able to bury itself to feel secure.

Life Strategy: Needs non-aggressive tankmates and little or no competition for food

Food / Feed Strategy: Live grass shrimp may help elicit a feeding response if they are available. Some specimens can be trained to take meaty foods from a feeding stick or off the bottom near their hiding

places.

Body Form or Style anguilliform

Swim / Locomotion Style: anguilliform


Citation: http://en.microcosmaquariumexplorer.com/wiki/Ribbon_Eel

Title: fish 26 Species #: fw

Common Name: clown loach

Scientific Name: botia macrantha

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: botia

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: cobitidae

Geography / Habitat: Clown loaches can be kept in aquariums of 100 L / 20 G or more.

Keep in mind that even though clown loaches grow very slowly they will get big eventually

and need an aquarium of at least 540 L/ 125 G, and that should be considered a minimum.

Life Strategy: Clown loaches have been bred in aquariums, however it is very rare. Sexing clown loaches externally is

hard, but possible by looking at the tail fin. The tail fin tips on the male are slightly bent inwards, making

the fin look a little bit like a claw. The tail fin tips on the females aren't shaped like this.

Food / Feed Strategy: Clown loaches are carnivores and only eat vegetables to complement

their diet. It is therefore recommended that they are given food that reflects this. To get

your clown loaches to grow, optimal feeding 3-5 times a day is recommended. (They still

grow slowly). Their diet should contain a variety of foods, and can include almost any

carnivorous food. A good base may be shrimps, different sinking wafers, different frozen

foods, and as they grow older, fish slices.




Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/mix/clownloach.php


Common Name: Madagascan rainbow

Scientific Name: bedotia gaegi

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: bedotia

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: bedotiidae

Geography / Habitat: This peaceful fish is a schooling fish that should be housed in a planted aquarium with plenty of room to swim as they are very active. Madagascan Rainbows do best with a gravel substrate

and its colors may intensify with a dark colored gravel. When maintaining a school of these fish, an

aquarium that is at least 4ft in length should be used

Life Strategy: The Madagascan Rainbow was identified in 1907 and is a member of the Silverside group. Rainbowfish are known for their characteristic large eyes, black or silver band that runs through the middle

scale rows, deeply forked mouth, and two dorsal fins. The male Madagascans are brightly colored with their

first dorsal fin coming to a point while the females are more yellow in color and have a deeper body.

Food / Feed Strategy: Although Madagascan Rainbows have large mouths, their throats tend to be narrow. With this in mind, foods should not be too large. The Madagascan Rainbow is an omnivore and

should eat a mixed diet of flake foods, live foods, and algae.






Common Name: marble hatchet

Scientific Name: carnegiella strigata

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: carnegiella

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: gasteropelecidae

Geography / Habitat: Native to the rivers of South America, the Marble Hatchet prefers a heavily planted aquarium. It also requires a few floating plants, beneath which the Marble Hatchet can hide. Active

schoolers, this member of the Gasteropelecidae family does best when kept in groups of six or more. But

since the Marble Hatchet will jump out of the water, an aquarium hood is necessary to help keep the Marble

Hatchet safe and contained. In addition, the Marble Hatchet requires excellent water quality.

Life Strategy: The Marble Hatchet is among the more popular species of fish thanks to its unique shape. Like other Hatchetfish, Carnegiella strigata has a slender body with a deep belly and pectoral fins set high on

the body. But the Marble Hatchet also boasts a subtle rainbow of colors that dresses its stunningly shiny

brown body. The Marble Hatchet also has an upturned mouth characteristic of true surface feeders.

Food / Feed Strategy The Marble Hatchet breeds in soft water (about 5), and a low pH

(about 6.0). A diet of fresh mosquito larvae and fruit flies may trigger spawning and the

depositing of eggs on floating plants. The eggs hatch within 36 hours and the fry should be

fed a quality live food such as brine shrimp.






Common Name: peppered cory catfish

Scientific Name: corydoras paleatus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: corydoras

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: callichthyidae

Geography / Habitat: The Peppered Cory Cat requires a well-planted aquarium with plenty of hiding places that provide relief from the light. A smooth sand or gravel substrate is needed because of the easily

damaged barbels. They enjoy being in numbers, so a small school of six or more is ideal for these cats

Life Strategy: Breeding the Peppered Cory Cat is achieved by keeping a number of these cats together and allowing them to pair off. After spawning, the breeding pair should be separated from the eggs, or the

eggs transferred to another system. The fry become waterborne in approximately 5 days, at which time,

they should be fed baby brine shrimp and crushed flake food.

Food / Feed Strategy The Peppered Cory Cat is omnivorous and will require a well-balanced diet including freeze-dried bloodworms and tubifex, sinking catfish pellets, flake food, frozen, and live foods. Feed a quality flake

and pellet food as well as frozen brine and live worms.






Common Name: panda garra

Scientific Name: garaa flavara

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: garaa

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat:the Panda Garra makes a great addition to well-filtered aquariums 30 gallons and larger.

Life Strategy: The Panda Garra is an ornate sucker-mouth loach. Like its namesake the panda, the Panda Garra features broad, alternating bands of light and dark coloration. Its unique markings are highlighted

with diamond-shaped scale patterns and hints of red coloration in its fins. Due to its unusual markings and

peaceful nature

Food / Feed Strategy In the wild, the Panda Garra inhabits well-oxygenated, fast-flowing streams. The addition of a powerhead or the use of a slightly oversized filter will increase filtration and water movement to help recreate

natural conditions. While its sucker-like mouth may suggest the Panda Garra is a scavenger or algae-eater, it is

crucial not to restrict its diet solely on available algae or food debris. Panda Garras are omnivorous and their diet should consist of prepared algae flake food or algae tablets as well as frozen or freeze-dried foods. The occasional

addition of bloodworms or tubifex worms provides a nutritionally balanced and varied diet






Common Name: hi fin platy

Scientific Name: xiphorphorus maculatus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: xiphorphorus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

Perciformes

Family: poecikiidae

Geography / Habitat: The Hi Fin Platy requires a tank of at least 10 gallons that is densely planted with hardy plants like Java Fern and Java Moss. They are very peaceful fish and make an excellent addition to the

community tank. Any other peaceful fish can be housed with them.

Life Strategy: The Hi Fin Platy is a livebearer and is capable of reproducing at three to four months of age. The male is smaller and more brightly colored than the female, and can be distinguished by his

gonopodium. The fry will most often reach maturity in a community tank.

Food / Feed Strategy The Hi Fin Platy is an omnivore that will eat commercially prepared flaked foods and algae, as well as freeze-dried bloodworms, tubifex, and brine shrimp.






Common Name: Trinidad pleco

Scientific Name: hypostomus punctatus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: hypostomus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order:

loricariformes

Family: loricariidae

Geography / Habitat: A larger aquarium of at least 70 gallons is recommended to house the Trinidad Plecostomus. It will get rather large in the aquarium, so provide plenty of room for it to move. Plants, rocks,

and driftwood help mirror its natural environment and help give it a sense of security.

Life Strategy: The nocturnal Trinidad Plecostomus is a great candidate for the community aquarium. Usually greenish yellow in color, its patterned fins camouflage it well in a planted tank. It comes from the

Amazon region of South America from fast flowing rivers to flood plains.

Food / Feed Strategy A useful herbivore in an aquarium with algae, the Trinidad Pleco will keep algae under control under normal tank conditions. If no algae are present, supplement with algae wafers and other herbivore

preparations.

Body Form or Stylesagittiform





Common Name: elephant nose

Scientific Name: gnathonemus petersii

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: mormyriformes

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: gathonemus

Family: mormyridae

Geography / Habitat: It requires a minimum of a 50 gallon aquarium with good water conditions. It is generally timid and reclusive, preferring a fine-gravel-bottom aquarium with plenty of plants and rocks for

hiding places where it can find refuge from the light. To better appreciate this fish, many hobbyists will

purchase a "ghost tube," a clear plastic tube that facilitates viewing during the day. Once accustomed to its

surroundings, the Elephant Nose can become incredibly tame and trusting to the point of being hand-held. It

does well with other, larger species of a peaceful nature, but may be aggressive towards those of similar or

smaller size.

Life Strategy: The Elephant Nose is an interesting fish that originates from the Niger River and its tributaries in Western Africa. Its body is mostly black and is irregularly shaped with a long narrow tail and

nose in which it uses to forage for food. It possesses a weak electrical organ at the caudal peduncles which

is used to locate food

Food / Feed Strategy The Elephant Nose is carnivorous and will eat many types of meaty foods including; blood worms, chopped earthworms, brine shrimp, flake and pellet foods as well as an array of frozen meaty foods.



Mouth Position: subraterminal



Common Name: loricaria catfish

Scientific Name: loricaria

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: loricaria

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: loricaria


Geography / Habitat: This catfish should be housed in at least a 30-gallon aquarium, with high filtration and plenty of aeration. A planted tank with rocks and driftwood will provide plenty of hiding spaces to

prevent the fish from becoming stressed.

Life Strategy: The Loricaria Cat has a slender body with a camouflage color pattern that covers the entire fish. Because this species comes from the tropic waters of South America, a neutral pH is recommended.

Food / Feed Strategy A planted tank with high vegetation and some algae will sustain the Loricaria. However, if algae are not present, supplement with a vegetable based flake food, or algae wafer to provide the fish with a

balanced diet



Mouth Position: suberminal



Common Name: royal pleco

Scientific Name: panaque nigrolineatus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: panaque

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: loricariformes


Geography / Habitat: Planted aquariums with hardy, fast-growing plants, high aeration,

and water movement provide a healthy environment. Rocks and driftwood help to accent a

natural habitat and provide hiding spaces to reduce the stress for the Gold Royal

Plecostomus. A recommended minimum tank of 125 gallons should be provided to house

this fish

Life Strategy: The Gold Royal Plecostomus, also known as the Golden Line Royal Plecostromus, comes from the rivers and tributaries of South America. It is dark brown to black with irregular golden horizontal

stripes. The rays of the fins are also golden. Gold Royal Plecos make good additions to any community

aquarium.

Food / Feed Strategy Feeding the Gold Royal Plecostomus is not difficult since it is not a picky eater, although plenty of driftwood should be housed in the aquarium with this fish. The biological matter such as detritus and algae

that forms on and inside of the wood itself is a major part of its diet. Supplementing their diet with other foods that

sink to the bottom of the aquarium such as a high quality flake food, sinking carnivore pellets, sinking algae wafers, freeze-dried bloodworms, and tubifex are all ideal foods.






Common Name: tiger barb

Scientific Name: puntius tetrazona

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: puntius

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: They prefer a well-planted tank of at least 30 gallons with soft, slightly acidic water. Rocks and driftwood can be added to the aquarium, but leave plenty of space for swimming. The Tiger Barb is a

very active fish that may pester or even nip the fins of larger, slower moving fish.

Life Strategy: It is best, when trying to breed the Tiger Barb, to house a number of Barbs in the same aquarium until they pair off. After a pair has developed, the female will lay the eggs and the male will follow

behind to fertilize. The fry will be free-swimming after about 5 days. Feed the fry newly hatched brine

shrimp until large enough to accept crushed flake food.

Food / Feed Strategy The Tiger Barb needs to be fed a variety of foods including vegetables as well as meaty foods. Feed a quality flake food as well as live and frozen foods such as brine shrimp and bloodworms.






Common Name: black veil angel

Scientific Name: pterophyllum

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: pterophyllum

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: cichliformes

Family: cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: It prefers a well-planted tank of at least 30 gallons with soft, slightly acidic water. Rocks and driftwood can be added to the aquarium, but leave plenty of space for swimming.

Life Strategy: It is best, when trying to breed the Black Lace Angel, to house a number of angels in the same aquarium until they pair off. After a pair has developed, a flat surface needs to be provided where the

eggs can be laid. A piece of slate, a large plant leaf, or even a flowerpot should be positioned at an angle of

about 30 degrees in an area of moderate water flow. The female will lay the eggs and the male will follow

behind to fertilize. After approximately three days, the eggs will hatch and the fry will emerge. Feed the fry

newly hatched brine shrimp until large enough to accept crushed flake food.

Food / Feed Strategy The Black Lace Angel needs to be fed a variety of foods including vegetables as well as meaty foods. Feed a quality flake food as well as live and frozen foods such as brine shrimp and bloodworms.






Common Name: ornate bichir

Scientific Name: polyperus ornatipinnis

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: polyperus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: polypteriformes

Family: polypteridae

Geography / Habitat: The Ornate Bichir does best in a large "oddball" aquarium, densely planted with numerous hiding places, and a sandy bottom. This species is semi-aggressive in the fact that they will swallow any

fish or invertebrate that they can fit into their mouth. Be careful in choosing passive tank mates for the Bichir, as

they are very passive towards other large fish. However, they are aggressive towards their own kind, and only one

should be incorporated into an aquarium, unless the aquarium is very large. Prone to jumping, a tight, well-sealed

aquarium lid is required.

Life Strategy: The Ornate Bichir, Polypterus ornatipinnis, is considered the most attractive

of the Bichir group. It is a Lobe-finned Pike, a freshwater fish found in Africa. As with

other members of the primitive Polypteridae family, the Ornate Bichir has the unique

ability to survive out of water. With a lung-like paired swimbladder and gills to help

breathing, the Ornate Bichir can spend short periods of time on land, but must soon return

to its water environment for adequate respiration.

Food / Feed Strategy All kinds if frozen foods. Some specimens can be trained to accept pellets.






Common Name: redtail catfish

Scientific Name: phractocephalus hemioliopterus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: phractocephalus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: pimelodiformes

Family: phracephalus

Geography / Habitat: Phractocephalus hemiliopterus ( Red tailed catfish) requires a very large aquarium due to their size. Adult fishes are best kept in ponds. Decorate your aquarium with hiding places among roots and rocks.

Red tailed catfish requires a well circulated aquarium and weekly water changes are necessary and it might even be

recommendable to change the water two times a week. They will swallow everything that fits in their mouth so

make sure that the decoration doesnt contain anything they can eat. Also make sure not to leave anything after cleaning the aquarium. Will due to their size often unwillingly destroy any plants

Life Strategy: The Redtail Catfish is a pimelodid (long-whiskered) catfish named for its red or orange caudal fin. The barbels along their snout are extremely sensitive and loaded with chemical reception cells, acting as another sense of smell for the fish. Due to their large size, the indigenous people in South America utilize these fish as a food source. They have been introduced into Florida, but have not established a sustainable population

Food / Feed Strategy Red tailed catfish prefers live and frozen food that suitable for their size.




Citation: http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/redtailedcatfish.php


Common Name: green disus

Scientific Name: symphysodon aequifasciata

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: symphysodon

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: The Discus has surpassed the Angelfish as the most popular freshwater aquarium fish. The natural range of the Discus extends from the Amazon to the Rio Negro Regions of South America.

Life Strategy: Becoming slightly territorial when breeding, it is best to breed an established pair, or maintain a group of young Discus and allow them to pair themselves. Warm, soft, slightly acidic water is required for spawning. The pair will clean a flat surface (usually a broad leaf or the side of the aquarium) prior to spawning. The parents must not be removed from the fry; the fry feed on their parents' mucus.

Food / Feed Strategy Largely carnivorous, the Green Discus prefer freeze-dried bloodworms and tubifex, pellet food designed for Discus, high-quality flake food, and meaty frozen foods.






Common Name: checkerboard disus

Scientific Name: symphysodon aequifasciata

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: symphysodon

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: Discus originate from a habitat of shaded water with branches and other dense cover and this habitat should be duplicated in the aquarium. High quality water conditions (warm, soft, acidic) must be

maintained

Life Strategy: Becoming slightly territorial when breeding, it is best to breed an established pair, or maintain a group of young Discus and allow them to pair themselves. Warm, soft, slightly acidic water is required for spawning. The pair will clean a flat surface (usually a broad leaf or the side of the aquarium) prior to spawning. The parents must not be removed from the fry; the fry feed on their parents' mucus.

Food / Feed Strategy Largely carnivorous, the Green Discus prefer freeze-dried bloodworms and tubifex, pellet food designed for Discus, high-quality flake food, and meaty frozen foods.






Common Name: neon swordtail

Scientific Name: xiphophorus helleri

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: xiphophorus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: poeciliidae

Geography / Habitat: The Neon Swordtail requires an aquarium of at least 20 gallons that is well planted with plenty of room for swimming. Because of its peaceful nature, the Neon Swordtail is well suited for the community

aquarium. However, the male Neon Swordtail can demonstrate territorial aggression towards other male Swordtails

so care should be taken when housing more than one male. Also, the Neon Swordtail is an accomplished jumper, so

be sure to provide a secure cover for the aquarium.

Life Strategy: The Neon Swordtail is a live-bearing fish related to freshwater aquarium favorites including guppies, mollies, and platys. As such, a female Neon Swordtail can give birth to as many as 80 fry at one time. A spawning box is recommended, or if one is not available, provide dense floating cover to protect the Swordtail fry from potential predation by the adults. Unless it is your intention to breed Neon Swordtails, the male Swordtail fry should be separated once the sex of the fry is determined. The Neon Swordtail can begin breeding as young as three months of age and can quickly overpopulate an aquarium.

Food / Feed Strategy The Neon Swordtail is an omnivore that will eat commercially prepared flaked foods and algae, as well as freeze-dried bloodworms, tubifex, and brine shrimp.






Common Name: Dalmatian molly

Scientific Name: poecilia latopinna

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: poecilia

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: poecilidae

Geography / Habitat: The Dalmatian Molly prefers a tank of at least 30 gallons, densely planted with plenty of strong plants such as Java fern, Sagittaria, Vallisneria and Anubias. They require a good filtration system because of

their hearty appetites. The Dalmatian Molly is well suited for the community tank because of its peaceful nature, and

is compatible with other peaceful, large fish that can withstand hard water. They may pursue their young and the

young of the other fish.

Life Strategy: The pointed anal fin and much larger dorsal fin on the male, and the rounded anal fin and pregnancy spot on the female differentiate the two. The Dalmatian Molly is a livebearer that requires a spawning box in a large 25 gallon, or larger breeding tank. The aquarium should be planted as densely as possible or have a thick algae mat. Having a group of floating plants in the corner of the aquarium will promote rearing outside of the breeding tank. Every 60-70 days the female will give birth to 10-60 young that are already approximately one-half inch long.

Food / Feed Strategy The Dalmatian is omnivorous and requires algae. Provide these fish with an algae-based flake food, as well as freeze-dried bloodworms, tubifex, and brine shrimp.






Common Name: red fire guppy

Scientific Name: poecilia reticulata


Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: poecilidae

Geography / Habitat: One of the many color variations of Poecilia reticulata, the farm-raised Red Fire Guppy requires an aquarium of at least 20 gallons. Because of its hardiness, it is tolerant of small changes in water

parameters. However, care should be taken to keep temperature, pH, and nutrient levels in check. The Red Fire

Guppy is a very peaceful fish and should be housed with freshwater tankmates of similar temperament.

Life Strategy: The Red Fire Guppy has a prominent, intense red coloration. This fiery red guppy is one of the preferred color varieties among beginning hobbyists and breeders alike. The Red Fire Guppy stands out as it swims amongst aquatic plants. Even experienced aquarists praise this member of the Poeciliidae family, for its hardy nature and quick maturation.

Food / Feed Strategy The Red Fire Guppy is an omnivore and requires both algae-based foods as well as meaty foods. An algae-based flake food, along with freeze-dried bloodworms, tubifex, and brine shrimp will provide guppies with the proper nutrition

Body Form or Style compressiform





Common Name: balloon molly

Scientific Name: poecilia latipinna


Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: poecilidae

Geography / Habitat: The Balloon Molly prefers a tank of at least 30 gallons with lots of strong plants such as Java fern, Sagittaria, Vallisneria and Anubias. They require a good filtration system because of their hearty

appetites. The Balloon Molly is well suited for the community tank because of its peaceful nature, and is compatible

with other peaceful, large fish that can withstand similar water conditions. They may pursue their young and the

young of other fish.

Life Strategy: The pointed anal fin and much larger dorsal fin on the male, and the rounded anal fin and pregnancy spot on the female differentiate the two. The Balloon Molly is a livebearer that requires a spawning box in a 25 gallon, or larger breeding tank. The aquarium should be planted as densely as possible or have a thick algae mat. Having a group of floating plants in the corner of the aquarium will promote rearing outside of the breeding tank. Every 60-70 days the female give birth to 10-60 young that are already approximately one-half inch long

Food / Feed Strategy The Balloon Molly is omnivorous and requires both meaty foods as well as algae. Provide these fish with an algae-based flake food, as well as freeze-dried bloodworms, tubifex, and brine shrimp.




Citation: http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=954+1062&pcatid=1062


Common Name: acei cichid

Scientific Name: pseudotropheus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: pseudotropheus

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: A large aquarium with plenty of caves and hiding places is ideal for the Pseudotropheus Acei. Caves can be formed from limestone or any other type of inert rock, as well as African Driftwood. An

aragonite-based substrate is recommended in order to maintain the necessary high pH and alkalinity. These Cichlids

do not like bright lighting, and the aragonite should ideally be either mixed with or covered by darker gravel to

reduce the amount of glare in the aquarium.

Life Strategy: For the best results in spawning, the males should be kept with at least three females. The female will spawn on a flat rock, and will take the unfertilized eggs into her mouth and will follow closely behind the male until he releases the sperm to fertilize the eggs. The female will then incubate the eggs for approximately three weeks before releasing the fry. The fry can then be fed newly hatched brine shrimp, daphnia, or crushed flake food.

Food / Feed Strategy The Pseudotropheus Acei feeds upon the sediment covered rocks and wood in nature. Provide a balanced diet of dried seaweed and other plant based flake and pellet foods.

Body Form or Style fusiiform





Common Name: splashing tetra

Scientific Name: copella arnoldia

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: copella

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: lebiasinidae

Geography / Habitat: The Splashing Tetra can be housed in a community aquarium with soft or brackish water. Plants, rocks, and driftwood help to enhance its natural habitat and provide hiding places. This is a peaceful

fish that the beginner to the expert aquarist would benefit from having. A tight sealed top is a must with these fish,

as they do jump

Life Strategy: The Splashing Tetra will breed occasionally in an aquarium setting and a

hospital or "breeding tank" will be necessary. Slightly acidic water is best for optimal

breeding habits. When the time comes to spawn, both the male and female will jump to an

overhanging leaf that is out of the water. They use their fins to clamp on to the leaf, and the

female will lay her eggs on the leaf with the male fertilizing them shortly after. After the

eggs have been fertilized, the male will remain at the surface of the water where he keeps

the eggs moist by splashing water on them. The eggs will then hatch in approximately 2

days at which time the fry will fall back into the water.

Food / Feed Strategy The Splashing Tetra will accept many small foods such as brine shrimp or daphnia, freeze-dried bloodworms and tubifex, micro pellet food, and a high quality flake food.






Common Name: turquoise danio

Scientific Name: brachydanio kerri

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: brachydanio

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: Native to streams and pools, the Turquoise Danio does well with other Danio species and other peaceful fish of similar size. Kept with others in a school, this fish will be very active. The Turquoise

Danio prefers a planted aquarium with plenty of swimming space available

Life Strategy: Turquoise Danio scatter their eggs in shallow water over a substrate of coarse gravel. After hatching, usually within 36 hours after spawning, the fry should be fed fine pieces of live foods. Sunlight may trigger spawning.

Food / Feed Strategy. Turquoise Danios are omnivores and should be fed a diet of flake foods with plenty of vegetable matter, as well as freeze-dried bloodworms and tubifex.

Body Form or Style compressform





Common Name: badis badis

Scientific Name: badis badis

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: badis

Class:

Actinopterygii

Order: perciformes

Family: badidae

Geography / Habitat: prefers an aquarium that is well planted with dense vegetation and free areas. You should also provide them with roots and rocks among which they may hide. Provide a minimum of one hiding place

for each badis badis

Life Strategy: is relatively easy to breed. The males can be identified by the fact that they are much more colorful then the females. The males guards the eggs and fry which are laid in a cave or other hiding place.

Food / Feed Strategy accepts most small foods including small flake food

Body Form or Style compressform



Citation:

Title: invert 51 Species #: sw

Common Name: Halloween hermit crab

Scientific Name: ciliopagurus strigatus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: ciliopagurus

Class:

malacostraca

Order: decapoda

Family: diogenidae

Geography / Habitat: Adding further value, the Halloween Hermit Crab is known to efficiently eat algae including green hair algae and cyanobacteria. It also provides a valuable service of aerating aquarium substrate by

sifting through the sand. Be aware that as the Halloween Hermit Crab attains a large size, this lumbering scavenger

may disrupt rockwork or corals in reef aquariums. The Halloween Hermit Crab lives in abandoned snail or triton

shells and may resort to attacking and eating a snail so it can use the shell for its home. To prevent this from

happening, provide the Halloween Hermit Crab empty shells of assorted shapes and size.

Life Strategy: The Halloween Hermit Crab, with its vibrant orange and red banding, stands out as a member of your aquarium cleanup crew. Originating from the Hawaiian Islands, the Halloween Hermit Crab boasts attractive color variegation and is a beautiful accent to the marine aquarium. The Halloween Hermit Crab is a very useful aquarium cleaner that helps maintain a healthy aquarium environment by eating any left over food that may settle on the substrate

Food / Feed Strategy If there is an insufficient amount of algae present, the Halloween

Hermit Crab will need to be fed dried seaweed, as well as meaty items such as mysis

shrimp.



Mouth Position: na



Common Name: harlequin shrimp

Scientific Name: hymenocera elegans

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: hymenocera

Class:

malacostraca

Order: decapoda

Family: gnathophyllidae

Geography / Habitat: Hymenocera elegans live throughout the Indian Ocean and in Pacific Ocean where the two water bodies join, while the Hymenocera picta is specific to Hawaii. Harlequin shrimp live in coral reefs ,

preferring a temperature range of 72 to 82 degrees Fahrenheit. They are rare, and damage to their coral reef habitat

affects their population.

Life Strategy: It is very particular about what it will eat, dining only on echinoderms, primarily starfish, and a few urchin species. It will eat starfish (Linckia, Fromia sp.) by starting at the tip of the arm and working its way to the central disc. The starfish may shed the arm, but is often mortally wounded.

Food / Feed Strategy As its primary source of food, you will need to supply the Harlequin Shrimp with starfish (Asterias rubens for adults, and Linckia for juveniles). The adults may also eat sea urchins.



Mouth Position: na



Common Name: zebra turbo snail

Scientific Name: turbo sp

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: turbo

Class:

gastropoda

Order: stylommatophora

Family: tubindae

Geography / Habitat: Off the coast of Asia, Zebra Striped Turbo Snails are often found in crevices and holes within the reefs. In the home aquarium, the Zebra Striped Turbo Snail prefers ample hiding places and large

amounts of room to graze, preferably amongst live rock.

Life Strategy: The Zebra Striped Turbo Snail is extremely difficult to breed in the home aquarium, especially considering the Zebra Striped Turbo Snail has no distinguishing characteristics to help differentiate it from its mate.

Food / Feed Strategy They will also feed on the algae covering aquarium glass.



Mouth Position: na



Common Name: sea hare

Scientific Name: aplysia

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: aplysia

Class:

gastropoda

Order: aplysidea

Family: aplysidea

Geography / Habitat: Among the largest sea slugs to be seen, sea hares may be commonly seen on our Northern and Southern shores in silty and sandy areas near seagrasses and with seaweeds. However, they appear to

be seasonal. Sometimes they are everywhere, at other times, none are to be seen.

Life Strategy: If it becomes startled, it may release a purple dye to repel attacking fish. In the home aquarium, the Sea Hare will need a good chemical filter system to quickly remove this toxic dye before it causes problems.

Food / Feed Strategy If regular feedings of Caulerpa are not possible, it will need a supplemented diet of parboiled lettuce and dried kelp.



Mouth Position: na



Common Name: arrow crab

Scientific Name: stenorynnchus seticornis

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: stenorynnchus

Class: crustancea

Order: decapoda

Family: majidae

Geography / Habitat: The Arrow Crab, also known as the Spider Crab, has extremely long

legs. It is called the Arrow Crab because of the shape of the body and head. The size is

variable, many reaching six inches, and some up to 10 inches. Females may be dramatically

smaller. Different species inhabit different parts of the world. The most common Arrow

Crab (Stenorhynchus seticornis) comes from the Caribbean, but other species are imported

from the Indo-Pacific region, eastern Africa, and California. They normally inhabit

portions of the reef usually associated with a small cave or crevice.

Life Strategy: It is a hardy, long-lived invertebrate, that can be housed in the reef aquarium. This crab has been known to attack crustaceans such as Banded Coral Shrimp, and may even attack small slow moving fish.

Food / Feed Strategy All crabs are opportunistic feeders and if insufficient food is present they may pick at mushrooms or polyps searching for food. Breeding Arrow Crabs in the aquarium is not generally successful. Larvae

are free-swimming and hatch in about two weeks. It will accept almost all meaty, flake and tablet foods.



Mouth Position: na



Common Name: Octopus

Scientific Name: Octopoda


Mollusca

Class: Cephalopoda

Order: Octopoda

Family: Octopodidae

Geography / Habitat: The Octopus will do best in an aquarium if provided with plenty of live rock and ample hiding places and a large area in which to move. It prefers an aquarium with caves and medium to coarse substrate with low lighting levels. The ideal lighting for this aquarium is dim actinic lighting.

Life Strategy The Octopus can be surprisingly strong, so in the home aquarium, it is best

to anchor the rocks, or even glue them together to keep the Octopus from toppling the

rocks into the glass or onto itself. Cover all tank openings very well or it will try to escape.

The Octopus is sensitive to high levels of nitrates and copper-based medications. It can be

very difficult to acclimate into a new environment.

Food / Feed Strategy The Octopus can be fed shrimp and mussel meat. It will also eat live crayfish and feeder shrimp. Any live foods should be fed spirulina based dry foods, plankton, and krill to enhance their nutritional value



Mouth Position: na



Common Name: emerald crab

Scientific Name: mithraculus sculptus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: mithraculus

Class: crustacea Order: decapoda

Family: mafjidae

Geography / Habitat: Native to the reefs of the Caribbean, the Emerald Crab is nocturnal and hides in caves and amongst rubble during the day. In the home aquarium, this member of the Majidae family requires a well-established aquarium with plenty of rockwork and hiding places. Once familiar with its surroundings, the Emerald Crab will venture out of hiding during the day to forage on algae.

Life Strategy The Emerald Crab is well respected for its scavenging ability. It will enthusiastically feed on uneaten meaty foods and many types of nuisance algae. Unlike many other animals, Mithraculus sculptus will eat bubble algae and helps clean your aquarium of these algae. Its distinct, flat shiny green body and hairy legs easily

identify the Emerald Crab.

Food / Feed Strategy Many aquarists supplement the Emerald Crab's diet with dried seaweed and chopped meaty foods, such as shrimp, as well as a quality pellet fish food.



Mouth Position: na



Common Name: pencil urchin

Scientific Name: eucidaris tribuloides

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: eucidaris

Class: echinoidea Order: cidaroida

Family: cidaeidae

Geography / Habitat: During the day it will seek shelter in the rocks; at night it will come out and forage for food, looking particularly for algae lawns and smaller invertebrates like sea squirts or sponges. It can be destructive to corals. It requires an aquarium with multiple hiding places and live rock on which it can graze. The rock formations should be sturdy, since the Urchin could dislodge rocks as it moves around the tank. The Pencil Urchin is very sensitive to high levels of copper-based medications and will not tolerate high levels of nitrates. If water conditions are poor, it will shed its spines.

Life Strategy The Pencil Urchin of the Eucidaris genera is also known as the Mine or Club Urchin. It has a brown, sometimes mottled body with stubby, thick spines radiating out in all directions. The spines are surrounded by basal plates. Never try to pry it out of a hole, as you will break its spines before it lets go. As it ages, its spines

may become covered with coralline and other types of algae

Food / Feed Strategy It should be offered dried seaweed and some animal-based supplemental foods



Mouth Position: na



Common Name: black longspine urchin

Scientific Name: diadema setosum

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: diadema

Class: echinoidea Order: diadematoida

Family: diadema setosum

Geography / Habitat: Provide an aquarium with ample hiding places and room to roam. Being a nocturnal creature, the Black Longspine Urchin will hide during the day and only come out at night to forage for food such as algae and seaweed. These urchins are an excellent algae controller for an aggressive aquarium where other invertebrates would be eaten. When approached by a fish, these urchins will sense their presence, and will defend itself by directing its spines towards its offender.

Life Strategy It is very s

G.S fish ID research project

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