GRS10306 Overall Repetition Exercises
Transcript of GRS10306 Overall Repetition Exercises
GRS�10306
Overall Repetition Exercises
CGI�GIRS ©1011
2/30
Objective ORE
� 3 exercises / cases | link with lectures & practicals
� GIS concepts : from perception to data
� Georeference & Projection
� Geovisualisation & cartography: 12 steps
� Geodata & Metadata (incl. SDI)
� Data Handling : DA model, Query, Transform, Alter
� Remote Sensing: data, data handling
>>> GIS applications & research topics
3/30
exercises / cases:Case 1 (30) – data / information selection and preparation� GIS Concepts > from perception to geodata (feature, data structure,
attribute, domain)� Georeference & Projections > coordinate system, map projection� Data handling > query (spatial join) – simple statistics� Data handling > DEM processing by focal functions (slope, aspect) – simple statistics
Case 2 (20) – more complicated data / information selection and preparation� Data handling > formal Query structure Attribute�Dataset�Condition (SQL – like)� Data handling > Query Type plus ArcGIS tool plus Results � simple statistics
Case 3 (50) – analysis to find locations that fulfill criteria� Geodata & Metadata > meta data of the datasets to use � Data handling > data�action model design (complete !!)� Data handling > implement by using the data handing classes according ArcGIS� Visualisation & Cartography > make a map layout� Data handling > simple statistics, number of locations, size, area, max�min� Data handling > validation (e.g. location of current building in relation to
potential locations)
4/30
Your result: .mxd file
5/30
Case 1a. feature type
� polygon (see shape field attribute table)
b. data structure� vector� selected as an individual feature (polygon)
c. attribute values� 503, Polygon, 566.24341, 121.11597
13502, 1
d. coordinate system� RD�new
6/30
Case 1 � querye. nearest road to the old GIRS building (1)
� join between layer ‘Land_use’ (polygon)
and layer ‘roads’ (poly line)� join data from layer ‘roads’ based on a
spatial location� nearest road including the distance will
be calculated for every individual polygon� select the old GIRS building
Hesselink van Suchtelenweg / 8.7 meters
7/30
Case 1� spatial join polygon � linee. nearest road to the old GIRS building (2)
� join between old GIRS building
(polygon) and layer ‘roads’ (poly lines)� select old GIRS building and save it to a
new layer ( . . . Data / Export Data . . . ) � join data from layer ‘roads’ based on a
spatial location� nearest road including the distance will
be calculatedHesselink van Suchtelenweg / 8.7 meters
8/30
Case 1� spatial join point � linee. nearest road to the old GIRS building (3)
� spatial join possible between point and line
� create new feature class (point)� digitize the old GIRS building as a point� join data from layer ‘roads’ based on a
spatial location� nearest road including the distance will
be calculated� Hesselink van Suchtelenweg / 21.0 m1
9/30
Case 1� spatial join line � polygonf. Average distance from old GIRS building
to the 5 nearest roads (1)� perform join based on layer ‘roads’ and
new layer ‘Old GIRS building’ (polygon)� distance from every road to the old GIRS
building will be calculated� select 5 shortest distances and calculate
average by ‘Field statistics’Average distance = 71.85 m1
10/30
Case 1 � DEMg1. Majority slope aspect of the old
GIRS building (visual)� perform a DEM
� calculate slope aspect
DEM
SLOPEASPECT
ELEVATION POINTS
transformation vector > raster
interpolationIDW / Spline
aspectcalculation
11/30
Case 1 � DEMg1. Majority slope aspect of the old
GIRS building (visual)� perform a DEM
� calculate slope aspect� select Old GIRS�Building and save
it into a new dataset� display both layers� majority slope is Southwest
DEM SLOPE ASPECT
12/30
Case 1 – DEM your result
DEM1–46 m1
SLOPEASPECT
ELEVATION POINTS
SLOPEGRADIENT
0:90°
13/30
Case 1 – DEM your resultg2. Majority slope aspect of the old
GIRS building (2)� perform a DEM
� calculate slope aspect� transform layer Old GIRS�Building
to raster (same cell size as DEM)Local / Combine / Field Statistics
14/30
Case 1 – DEM – your resultg2. Majority slope aspect of the old
GIRS building (3)� transform layer Old GIRS�Building
to raster
� perform a DEM
� calculate slope aspect� reclassify slope aspect� Zonal / zonal statistics as
table: Majority Aspect is Southwest
15/30
Case 2
a. Calculate the average clay�% of the soil profile points, which are located within the land use features classified as ‘pasture’ (C2 = 5) and within a distance of 100 m to ‘roads’.
16/30
Case 2: Query � your result
Select point features / Clay%
From database ‘Soil_points’
Where located within land use features classified as ‘pasture’ (C2=5) and within a distance of 100 m to ‘roads’
17/30
Case 2: Query � your result
1 selectedSpatialSelect feature tool
Selection which fall in areas
Soil_pts
100 SelectedSpatialOverlay/Intersect
Make an intersect
IntersectRoad_Buffer &Land_use
109 selectedTabularSelect by attribute
Select C2=5Land_use
BufferzoneSpatialProximity/Buffer
Create bufferzoneof 100m
Roads
ResultQuery type(tabular/spatial)
ArcMap’sFunctionality
DescriptionDataset
18/30
Case 2: Query expected result
SPATIALSELECT BY
LOCATION
‘WITHIN DISTANCE OF’
SELECT SOIL_
POINTS WITHIN 100 M TO ‘ROADS’
SELECT FROM CURRENT SELECTION
SOIL_POINTS
SPATIALSELECT BY LOCATION
‘COMPLETELY WITHIN’
SELECT SOIL_
POINTS WITHIN PASTURE
NEW SELECTION
SOIL_POINTS
TABULARSELECT BY
ATTRIBUTE
SELECT PASTURE
C2 = 5
NEW SELECTION
LANDUSE
RESULTQUERY
TYPE
ARCGIS
TOOL
DESCRIPTIONDATASET
19/30
Case 3
The Centre for Geo�information has been very successful the last five years in education and research and is growing so fast that the staff decided to move to a new building somewhere in the south of Wageningen.
You, as GIS experts have been asked to map where the suitable areas in the southern part of Wageningen for building this new Centre for Geo�information’ are
located.
20/30
Case 3: criteria = conditions
� soil must be ‘Holtpodzolgrond’
� location within 100 meters to the nearest road
� slope angle between 10 and 25 degrees
� slope aspect South or South:East (112.5 – 212.5)
� area at least 1.300 m2 STUDY AREA
21/30
Work procedure
� Understand intended results – objective, target group
� DA diagram sketch – query
� Check available data – data, metadata
� Pre process data – data handling / references /projections
� Design DA diagram – data handling
� Process data – data handling
� Present results – cartography, report
� Validate results – data handling
� Final Presentation – cartography, report
22/30
Design DA
elevheight landuse roads
elevation
to map the suitable areas in the southern part of Wageningen for GIRS building
soilshp
To save costs, the new building has to be built on a sandy soil; soils classified as ‘Holtpodzolgrond’ are suitable.
The new building has to be located within 100 meters from the nearest road.
Only locations with a slope angle between 10° and 25° are suitable.
Slopes facing South or South�East are suitable.
The total area for the new building, parking place, etc. has to be at least 1300 m2.
SuitLoc ?
Lu_raster
23/30
Design DA
elevheight landuse roads
elevation
to map the suitable areas – the number of locations, total area, coverage by forest –in the Southern part of Wageningen for GIRS building
soilshp
To save costs, the new building has to be built on a sandy soil; soils classified as ‘Holtpodzolgrond’ are suitable.
The new building has to be located within 100 meters from the nearest road.
Only locations with a slope angle between 10° and 25° are suitable.
Slopes facing South or South�East are suitable.
The total area for the new building, parking place, etc. has to be at least 1300 m2.
SuitLoc ?
Lu_raster
24/30
Case 3 � Meta data
Student result:
Soil raster: soil code = gY30
Roads: buffer zone roads = 100 m
Slope = 10 – 25 degree
Slopes facing = South or South�East
� data structure
� coordinate system
� owner
� resolution
� . . . . . .
25/30
Case 3 � DA model � your result
26/30
Case 3 � DA model � your result1. Calculate slopes and slope aspects
2. Search for areas without buildings
3. Search for suitable soil
4. Search for areas within 100 meters of roads
5. Search for slopes between 10 and 25 degrees
6. Search for slope aspects south or south�east
7. Transform to raster
8. Combine all rasters
9. Search for locations big enough
27/30
Case 3 � DA model � your result
28/30
Case 3 � DA model � expected result
0D
5A
Distance< 100 m
Roads
Suitablelocations
Distance< 100 m
SlopeAspect
SlopeGradient
SuitableSlope (10-25)
Suitable soilsgY30
0B 0C
6 7
13
16
17
1A
7A
10A
12A 13A 14A
15A 16A
17A
18A
SuitableAspect (S/SE)
19A
DEM
??
Soils
?
input
output
Legend:
:
:
:
processing
29/30
Exercise 3 � Raster calculator
30/30
Case 3 � DA model – expected result
Suitablelocations
Suitable locations
Suitable Locations> 1.300 m2
?
Suitablelocations
SuitableLocations> 1.300 m2
Suitablelocations
?
Region Group
31/30
Case 3 � Region group / area calculation
32/30
Case 3 � cartography – your result
33/30
Case 3 � cartography – your result
The green areas are the suitable locations.
34/30
Case 3 � cartography – expected
1. Objective
2. Stakeholder
3. Title
4. Legend components
5. Hierarchy
6. Measurement scale
7. Number of classes
8. Graphic symbols
9. Graphic attributes
10. North arrow
11. Map scale
12. Data source
35/30
Case 3 � cartography – your result
36/30
Case 3 � cartography
– your result
37/30
Case 3 � cartography – your result
38/30
Case 3 � % of the area covered by forest
Landuseraster
Forest
Forest on Suitable locations
?
Suitablelcoations
59% covered by forest
39/30
Case 3 � location suitability for the ‘old’ GIRS building
OLD GIRS BUILDINGSUITABLE AREACRITERIA
area building = 566 m2> 1.300 m2Area
< 25 m1< 100 m1Distance to roads
average aspect = 231> 112 and < 202Slope aspect
average slope = 14>10 and < 25Slope gradient
HoltpodzolgrondHoltpodzolgrondSoil