Growing healthy conifers protection 2011
-
Upload
osu-extension-service-of-benton-county -
Category
Business
-
view
1.640 -
download
2
Transcript of Growing healthy conifers protection 2011
![Page 1: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Diagnosing Tree Problems
Linn/Benton Master Gardener Training
Rick Fletcher
OSU Extension Service
![Page 2: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Tree Death in the City
![Page 3: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Big Trees- Big Problem
![Page 4: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Fungal Mat in Decayed Wood
![Page 5: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Real Culprit: Human Damage
![Page 6: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why Trees Die
• Complex interaction of biotic and abiotic factors……
– And a little bad luck.
![Page 7: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What Kills Trees?
• Separately or in combination:– Insects– Animals– Diseases– Abiotic Factors
![Page 8: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Environmental Setting
• Look to the underlying situation before making judgments about why a tree died.
• ALSO: Many insects and diseases occur on declining trees but are not the primary cause of death.
![Page 9: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Conifer Diseases
• Root rots• Stem/branch cankers• Needle casts
![Page 10: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Root Rots
Annosus root rot
Oak root rot
Laminated root rot
Cedar root rot
![Page 11: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Diseased trees Healthy trees
Disease pathway tree
Nancy Boriack
![Page 12: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ODF Photo
Short leaders
![Page 14: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Oak Root Disease
• Caused by the fungus Armillaria ostoyae.
• The most common root disease in Oregon.
• Affects all conifers and hardwoods to some degree.
• Particularly damaging to stressed trees.
The honey mushroom
![Page 15: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Annosus root disease
• Can attack many species of conifers.
• Especially bad on the Abies genus.
• Spreads rapidly from wounds, and cut stumps.
![Page 16: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Dead Trees in Alsea- 2010
![Page 17: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Laminated Root Rot Damage
![Page 20: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Laminated Root Rot
• Attacks all conifers, but particularly bad on Douglas-fir.
• Trees attacked lose vigor and crown mass.
• Many times blow over before they die.
![Page 21: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Cedar Root Rot
![Page 22: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• Port-Orford Cedar Root Disease: Phytophthora lateralis.
• Avoid soil movement from infested to uninfested sites.
• Plant other species or disease-resistant cedar seedlings in infested areas.
E. Hansen photoPhotos from USFS Dorena Tree Improvement Center (html)Photos from USFS Dorena Tree Improvement Center (html)
![Page 23: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Stem and Branch Cankers
• Gall rust• Dermia cankers• Phomopsis cankers• Grovesiella
![Page 24: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Phomopsis canker
• Attacks stressed trees. Commonly Douglas-fir.
![Page 25: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
A New Threat- SOD
• Disease caused by Phytophora ramorum
• Wide host range• Disease has
spread from California north to Oregon.
![Page 26: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Oregon Conifer Hosts of Concern
Douglas-fir and grand fir
![Page 27: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Needle Casts and Rusts
• Swiss needle cast• Rhabdocline needle
cast.• Pine needle cast.• Poplar rust
![Page 28: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Why the Yellow Trees?
![Page 29: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Swiss Needle Cast
• Serious forest problem along the Oregon Coast.
• Only impacts Douglas-fir.
• Can be controlled in Christmas trees with fungicides.
![Page 30: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Pine Needle Cast
• Caused by several fungal organisms.
• Worse in areas of poor air drainage.
• Especially bad on 2 needle pine species.
![Page 31: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Poplar rust on D. Fir
• Alternate hosts are Douglas-fir and populus species.
• Orange pustules appear on Douglas-fir in late spring.
• Can cause substantial defoliation.
![Page 32: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Different Insects Attack Different Parts
of the Tree
![Page 34: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Sucking Insects
• Aphids• Adelgids• Scales• Mites
![Page 35: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Adelgids
• Balsam wooly adelgid• Aphid like insects that
do both chewing and sucking damage.
• Cause distorted growth, but rarely kill trees.
![Page 36: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Cooley Spruce Gall Adelgid
• Seven different life stages.
• Forms cone-like galls on spruce.
![Page 37: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Cooley Spruce Gall Adelgid
• On Douglas-fir, crawlers form cotton ball like spots on leaves.
• Only damages current needles.
![Page 38: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Needle scales
• Wide variety of conifers affected.
• Most severe on cedars and pines.
• Foliage damaged, but trees not killed.
![Page 39: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Pine Needle Scale
• Common on many species of pine
• Damages foliage and weakens trees.
![Page 40: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Spruce Spider Mites
• Attack several conifer species.
• Worse during summer hot, dry weather.
• Drought worsens attack.
![Page 41: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Boring insects
• Bark Beetles• Twig Weevils• Root Weevils• Wood Borers• Needle Midges
![Page 42: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
2007 Vineyard Mountain Bark Beetle Attacks
![Page 43: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Bark Beetles
• Most common insects linked with death of local conifers.
• Individual insect species only attack certain species and/or genuses of conifers.
• Can have epidemic outbreaks with the right conditions.
• Most are native insects and are always present.
![Page 44: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Douglas-fir Bark Beetles
![Page 45: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Ipps Damage to Ponderosa Pine
![Page 46: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
5 Spined Ipps Damage to Pine
![Page 47: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Bark Beetle Signatures
![Page 48: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Population Control
• Important to understand life cycle of insects.
• Wood containing insects should be destroyed or treated to kill them.
![Page 49: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Douglas-fir Twig Weevil
• Boring insect that infests small branches.
• Associated with stress weakened trees.
• Rarely cause death, but further weaken trees.
![Page 50: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Close up of Twig Weevil
![Page 51: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
White Pine Weevil
• Serious problem on young spruce trees.
• Attacks and kills tree leader.
• Infested leader will show boring holes
![Page 52: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
A big pine problem
![Page 53: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Sequoia Pitch Moth
![Page 54: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Flat Headed Wood Borers
• Bore beneath bark and into wood.
• Attack weakened trees. Will attack healthy trees during droughts.
• Found many times in firewood.
![Page 55: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Douglas-fir Needle Midge
• Douglas-fir is only tree attacked.
• Damage to needles done by tiny worms.
• Infested needles fall of tree by Christmas.
• Problem mainly for Christmas tree growers
![Page 56: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Needle Feeders
• Can be very scary for homeowners.
• Rarely are epidemic in our climate.
• Can cause severe problems in native forests.
![Page 57: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
2010 Benton County Sample
![Page 58: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Field Damage Near Summit
![Page 59: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Look at the Litter Carefully Reveals- Sawfly Larvae Damage
![Page 60: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Hoodoo Pass Disaster
![Page 61: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Spruce Budworm
• Serious pest in Cascades and Eastern Oregon.
• Killed millions of acres of forest nationwide.
• Damage is cyclical.• Little problem in local
area.
![Page 62: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Douglas-fir Tussock Moth
• A serious epidemic insect in Eastern Oregon in the 1980’s
• Found in Willamette Valley, but not a big threat.
![Page 63: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Silver Spotted Tiger Moth
• Attacks mostly Douglas-fir
• Voracious feeder.• Can defoliate small
tree in a couple of days.
• Doesn’t kill trees.
![Page 64: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Gypsy Moth
• Serious non-native insect.
• Attacks nearly all tree species.
• Is especially damaging to conifers like Douglas-fir.
• Population currently under control in OR.
![Page 65: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Other Tree Damage
• Air Pollution• Sunburn• Frost injury• Nutritional deficiency• Stem rots• Animal damage
![Page 66: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Air pollution damage
SO2 and alder.
![Page 67: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Sun & Heat Damage
• Drooping foliage.• Necrotic needles in
late summer.
![Page 68: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Sunscald to Trunk
• Problem on small trees with thin bark.
• Made worse by pruning lower limbs too soon.
![Page 69: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Cold Damage
• Foliage desiccated by cold, dry winds.
• Buds/tissue killed by early or late frosts.
![Page 70: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Current Season Needle Necrosis
• Impacts grand fir and noble fir grown on Valley floor.
• Serious Christmas tree problem.
• Cause is calcium deficiency in late spring.
• Best cure is genetics.
![Page 71: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Stem Rots
• Common problem around homes.
• Conifers vary in response to injury.
• Long term rot and breakage is main problem.
![Page 72: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
December 2007
Storm Damage
![Page 73: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
The “Root” of the Problem
![Page 74: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Important Clue to Damage
![Page 75: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Butt Rot from Phellinus pini
![Page 76: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Animal Damage Problems
• Rodents• Deer & Elk• Others
![Page 77: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Deer/Elk in the Home Landscape
• Conifers used to browsing.
• Main long term damage to browsing is slowed growth and extra leaders.
• Antler rubbing can be severe-don’t prune to soon.
![Page 78: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Controlling Browse
• Fences work best.• Small trees can be
protected by plastic tubes or other devices.
• Repellants have variable effect.
![Page 79: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Mice/Vole Damage
• Serious problem in new planting.
• Girdling of bark near ground line can kill small trees.
• Best treatment is to remove hiding cover around trees.
![Page 80: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Gopher Damage
• Worst on pines.• All conifers are
somewhat susceptible
• Fleshy rooted weeds are a magnet.
• Trapping is most effective treatment
![Page 81: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Porcupine Damage
• Serious problem, particularly on pines.
• Can kill limbs or tree tops.
• Can be confused with squirrel damage.
• Populations are currently building in Willamette Valley
![Page 82: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Culprit?
![Page 83: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
2010 Damage to Pines
![Page 84: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
The Culprits: Silver Gray Squirrels
![Page 85: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Bob McNitt, aka, the pine guy examines
damage to native
ponderosas
![Page 86: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Mike Melcher
Who’s been
messing with my trees?
![Page 87: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
The Damage and the Culprit
![Page 88: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Human Damage to Trees
• Wires left on trees.• Nails or other metal in
trees.• Wounding by mowers,
vehicles or other source.
![Page 89: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Construction Damage
Roots
![Page 90: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Chemical Damage
• Each chemical has distinct damage pattern on various tree species.
• Resistance to damage varies greatly by species and time of application.
![Page 91: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
![Page 92: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Diagnosing Tree Problems
• Identify species involved
• When injury noticed• Part of plant showing
injury– Roots, top, stem– Age of foliage– South vs north side
![Page 93: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
More Diagnosis Questions
• Species affected?• Distribution of
damage- on plant, on planting.
• Disturbance around tree anytime recently?
• Chemical applications?
![Page 94: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Bottom Line for Conifers• Conifers are hardy and
tough to injure.• When injured severely,
conifers seldom recover.
• Death in conifers usually linked to several causes.
• It takes decades to replace a nice one.
![Page 95: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
References for Diagnosis
• Tree Identification Books• Insects that Feed on Trees and Shrubs• Diseases of Trees and Shrubs• PNW Insect and Disease Control
Handbooks from OSU• Several other reference books in MG
reference library and Rick’s office.
![Page 96: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Linn-Benton Pest Scene Investigator Team
![Page 97: Growing healthy conifers protection 2011](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062418/55566c0ad8b42a144c8b4fa0/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
QUESTIONS?