SKYSCRAPERS

Group HManny AguilarIvan TeranEric Woiwode

What is a Skyscraper?

Skyscraper originally referred to the tall, main sail of a ship

The structural definition is based on the fact that the buildings have a steel frame

Today, it refers to a very tall and habitable building There is no actual height which

determines if a building is a skyscraper U.S. and Europe share a loose convention

that 150 m tall is considered a skyscraper, while 300 m tall is “supertall”

Pros and Cons

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Land area Option to build up, rather

than out Creates habitats for a larger

number of people Creates more space for

businesses Corporations build skyscrapers

for name recognition and promotional value i.e. Sears, Chrysler, Bank of

America and Donald Trump

Utilities Construction Deaths Spreading of illness Emergency Situations Terrorist Attacks

Evolution of the Skyscraper

Large buildings have always been used to show affluence and power

Height of these buildings was limited Buildings higher than six stories were rare 16th century - Shibam, Yemen

Evolution of the Skyscraper

17th Century - Edinburgh, Scotland Defensive city wall

limited area to build Homes increased in

height; 11 stories were common, and some records show homes with 14 stories

The Flaxmill, 1797 – Shrewsbury, England “Grandfather of

Skyscrapers” built with an iron frame, which led to the steel frame used in modern skyscrapers

Evolution of the Skyscraper Home Insurance Building, 1884-1885 – Chicago,

Illinois Developed by Major William Le Baron Jenney; Led to the

“Chicago skeleton” form of construction

Wainwright Building, 1891 – St. Louis, Missouri Some consider this the first true skyscraper built due to its

use of vertical bands, which emphasized its height

Late 19th Century saw many taller buildings going up

Most were built in Chicago, New York and London

Technological AdvancesTechnological advances have paved the way for

bigger and better skyscrapers Safe Elevators Water pumps Building Materials Improved techniques for measuring and

analyzing structural loads and stresses Invention of electric arcwelding Fluorescent light bulbs

Skyscraper Construction

Foundation Skeleton Exterior Finishing

Tallest Skyscrapers in the World, 2008

Taipei 101

Taipei, Taiwan Topped out in 2003

at 1,671 ft (509 m) At the 87th floor a

800 ton tuned mass damper is held

Eight tiers of eight stories

Building costs approximately 1.7 billion

Petronas Towers Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia Tallest twin towers 1,483 ft (452 m) 88 stories plus

architectural spire Geometric patterns

originating in ancient Islam

Two construction companies were hired

Sears Tower

Chicago 1,451 ft (tallest in

US) Cost was 160 million 76,000 tons of steel 72,000 cubic yards of

concrete Bundled-tube

structural design On a clear day you

can see four states

Burj Dubai

Completing date mid 2009

Predicted to be the tallest man-made structure in the world

Records Tallest free standing

structure Building with most floors Vertical concrete

pumping (for a bldg.) Vertical concrete

pumping (for any construction)

World’s Tallest Skyscrapers, 2010

Works Cited

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyscraper http://www.infoplease.com/spot/skyscraperhistor

y.html http://skyscraperpage.com/ http://www.emporis.com/ http://www.uaepropertytrends.com/ptrends/

mvnforum/viewthread?thread=1145

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