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.We found in the internet examples of building practices in the past, in which buildings are constructed in measurements 3-3-3, - what is meant by that?

and why the same measurements?

You mean the importance for the nation and its economy...

Well you are right. There is a development in the village of Thatta Ghulamka Dhiroka, in which an NGO has been regularly giving a prize since year 2000 for the most beautiful house made with mud, with baked bricks as well as with specially interesting portion. The purpose of this exercise is to show the advantages of mud as a construction material. And before that, three workshop buildings were constructed there with same

measurements using different materials. Three buildings for handicraft workers were constructed in the premises of the Peerzada Cultural Complex in autumn 2010. Further experimental construction activity was

undertaken in spring 2011 by an institute for experimental construction at the premises of Beaconhouse National University in Lahore...

It is meant to provide practical examples with a possibility to carry out measurements. It is simply not enough to say, this or that material choice appears to be suitable or this or that type of wall construction. One should be able to compare the different options. A number of problem areas remain in background and need to be addressed:

The energy requirement of our houses is enormous. Even if we can afford the energy cost, the resulting problems of air pollution and climate change are disastrous for our children and the coming generations. Each one of us even on his small piece of property is not independent of the national, social and other limitations.

Of course, -and it does not relate only to the urban living, but also to how we deal with natural catastrophes,- whether we want to build

houses for the affected people, which are not usable without electricity and which therefore promote -even if unknowingly- migration to the cities, and: whether we would like to continue asking for assistance from foreign countries, just because we do not utilize the potential of rural resources available inside the country and act culturally incompatible, i.e. taking over ideas without considering if they are compatible with our culture at all.

Why 3-3-3 HousesExcerptsbetween Aamer Rafique / Secretary General FPAC and Omar M. Ali / IPC:

What is the purpose of the magazine?

What is meant by projects of Green architecture?

Which role does architecture play in this regard?

Is there a difference?

What do you mean by usefulness of Solar energy?

Could you specify the benefits more clearly?

You spoke about interested parties as users of the new Techno-Biz,- could you please explain this?

Interested parties can regularly find information and articles related to green architecture and usefulness of solar energy in this magazine !

These are projects, which function in a climate friendly and energy efficient manner.

It has an importance with regards to the urban architecture and city culture as well as the rural buildings of the country-side population and the traditional culture.

The rural population imitates the city population and forgets the advantages of the traditional way of construction, - they also want to be the same, -it a matter of prestige. The city population on the other hand looks towards the west and ignores the climatic conditions and the wastage of resources; thereby unfortunately indirectly influencing the majority of the people living in the rural areas.

Basically every form of alternative energy techniques. A country may for example have a lot of oil reserves. The resulting air pollution and climate changes through its use may not be important to the involved persons, however, the future of their children and their future should not be unimportant to us. Negative influences do not relate to property, political affiliations or country borders.

Of course. The photo-voltaic is one possibility, -the voluntary abstinence from luxury should be the aim! Availability of hot water and the use of hot water for cooling purpose is another point. The considerate use of water, which does not lead to excessive wastage of water in toilets is another topic.

Of course it is also meant for the general public interested in the mentioned topics, - but it is also a platform for watchful and interested students and professors involved in construction, to exchange their opinions. The FPAC supports these initiatives by local institutions (NCA, PU, UET, COMSATS, BNU, etc) theoretically as well as practically. One could also ask, which of of our social problems are the most common, and these are the neglect of all the possibilities available within our resources and to construct according to our climate. This is an academic problem as well as implementation problem and: a building is only so good as the person using it !

Why Green-MagExcerptsbetween S A J Shirazi / President FPAC and Omar M. Ali / IPC:

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PPP / DGFK - FPAC 2011Lahore - BerlinISSN : 1430-7979

Correspondents:Amjad Ali, GermanyKhalid Bajwa, PakistanTrausti Valson, IcelandSantosh K. Brahma, IndiaCarlos Torres, ColombiaJoseph B. Suh, CameroonAaron Pinsker, USAOmar M. Ali, Bangladesh

Foundation For Promotion Of Academic Collaboration Lahore - 54810 / PakistanPhone: 0092-42-36673110 Fax: 0092-42-36683448E-Mail: info@fpac.org.pk Website: www.fpac.org.pk

Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Kultur10562 Berlin / GermanyPhone & Fax: 0049-3321-3131141E-Mail: info@dgfk.deWebsite: www.dgfk.de

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Learning from the tradition?One asks oneself,which examples should we be following?

Are they available?

he number of historical buildings in Lahore has fallen drastically in Lahore, - we are surrounded by new buildings.T

Mountains of earth lie between the 5000 year old constructions in Harappa and our current time, so that our view is blocked to large extent.

Should we focus deeper on buildings like Aitchison College, Punjab High Court, Government College, also Khalsa College, Amritsar, with Kanhaya Lal and Ral Bahadur Ganga Ram as their local architects, we find that these constructions are not to be seen merely as touristic attractions and they hide construction concepts relevant to the our time.

We learn from tradition also through buildings, which have not been made by architects. W.J.Glover has introduced and recalled examples of buildings in his book "Making Lahore Modern" information on which is available in the archives of Lahore Municipal Corporation. These are buildings with thick walls, high roofs, intelligent ventilation. They have been constructed according to local climate using knowledge transferred from the predecessors combined with modern day knowledge !

Of course some concepts were also taken over completely from the British, for example the suburbia movement, which we have adopted 1:1. We have come to know through passage of time, that one can create square kilometers of constructed space within short time, the humans being the users, but still they need years to feel themselves at home. This points to the problem area around construction activity based upon mainly technology oriented thinking and economic considerations.

COVER STORY | OMAR M. ALI / IPC

Learning fromthe tradition andthe progressOMAR M. ALI / IPC

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UpgradingofHousingNorbert Pintsch-Ghayyoor Obaid-Njini Victor Ndu-Ricardo Coslez / IPC

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Experts would still recognize the "Colonial Building Notes" with well defined suggestions for construction activity, which combined well proven local knowledge in South Asia with latest knowledge of that time. Durable and livable buildings without high energy cost were the result.

This is evident even in the old military cantonments: neither rising dampness, nor rain water seeping through the roof. The weather now is not much different !

We however tend to follow

misunderstood concepts, for example the Bauhaus movement f rom Germany, taking over international architecture without pondering over their usefulness!

Zaha Hadid is a fantastic Iraqi architect, who was conditioned since

childhood in the west, thus making most of her works influenced by the west. The fantastic forms correspond to the 21st century, the concept to the last century.

It is high time to discuss, how far the prevailing political economic and social system based on western values is still valid for the current time !

Missing in the solutions of today is the combination with traditional knowledge.

This is the actual challenge for the young generation !

0706 GREEN MAG OCT-DEC 2011 GREEN MAG OCT-DEC 2011

LEARNING FROM THE TRADITION AND THE PROGRESS

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Upgrading Housingof

Upgrading of Housing does not refer to a new paintworkin the residence, also not the beautification of the front gardenthrough exotic plants,-all belonging to outer presentation.

hould we look around us in the country, also for S example in Lahore, the

large number of new buildings please us with their fascinating designs and the unlimited number of exciting energy sources available to all.The buildings look specially attractive on the paper before they are used by the owners. Classical styles with pretty cast iron gates and fences are enviable,- new clever steel concrete constructions suggest the US-american renaissance of

Norbert Pintsch-Ghayyoor Obaid-Njini Victor Ndu-Ricardo Coslez / IPC

m o v e o n t o t h e i r residences in the pleasant c l ima te o f the a i r-conditioned vehicles.The requirements of life, above all the supply of foodstuffs, are satisfied through super markets and shopping mal ls . No w o n d e r t h e n t h a t agricultural land is not needed any more as one can buy all in the stores!Should we find ourselves near a hospital in the evening, for example the National Hospital, we are conf ron ted wi th an enormous emptiness. No wonder, almost all are healthy and contrary to many other countries, one does not suffer here from heat or cold, or from other micro-climatic affects of wrong city planning.A re-orientation towards energy, resource and environment conserving methods of building with healthy and renewable construction materials is therefore absolutely not necessary. This also explains the need of the population living in rural areas to look towards the the last century, . new generous clever and educated city glass facades on office buildings dwellers and even to in Dubai-style dot the large wide migrate into the cities, so boulevards. in order for example to The traffic engineers have support the production of all the technical innovations implemented all the fantastic burned bricks with a little bit of available to the city-dwellers lessons learnt from the western- wood from the mountains and to through various advertising, and oriented countries in the 20th live at last in a house made of spec ia l ly : the necessary century. bricks. One doesnt need to electricity comes from the

It is a pleasure to fly from the regularly repair the house any socket, clean water from the tap darkness of the night over the more and can take advantage of and the waste disposal is done well-lighted urban regions and the large seemingly endless through a soft push on a button. then to land. Air-conditioned offer of work places. Life is really wonderful this a r r i v a l h a l l s a w a i t t h e One can now enjoy and afford way!homecoming passengers, who

0908 GREEN MAG OCT-DEC 2011 GREEN MAG OCT-DEC 2011

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PROJECTS WITH INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONLOCAL PROJECTS

The described project is located in rural Punjab and implements the usage of Appropriate Technology in an unspectacular way since the 90's. Rooms in an installation of the NGO were constructed in passive Solar architecture, a method, which was already being practiced over 5000 years ago in the Harrappa culture and which provided a natural air-conditioning as a consequence.In a special area, the advantages of a Solar Collector for free provision of hot water is demonstrated.

In a further area, a windmill is being used to produce very small but independent supply of electrical current. Photo-voltaic installations on three roofs of the NGO building in the village provide electricity for the Energy-Saver Lamps and Fans. New possibilities and experiences on the topic of Upgradation of Housing are expected from two different initiatives in Lahore, namely the three experimental constructions at the premises of Peerzada Cultural Complex, which exists since autumn 2010 and the Institute for Experimental Construction@BNU, where three further experimental constructions will be available in autumn.

PAKISTAN-Project

This Project is comparable to the plains of the Punjab as far as the geographic al location is concerned. It has however a moderate climate and regular rainfall. Regular supply of utilities is available from the central network,- the main problem is the increasing running cost with low population density, which means, politically as well as economically, the running costs will continue to increase and their financing will continue to be problematic. The long-term advantages offered by Upgrading of Housing therefore gain importance and will lead the way towards a change in trend from central technical infra-structure towards the de-centralized technical infra-structure. The important thing here will be the concept This ..as well as this instead of the usual approach of Either. Or. The specialness of the project lies in its historical origin in the 19th century. The institution was used at that time as a very special innovations centre. Before the developed products were marketed, they were tested here and experiences were collected, without any political opr financial support, called today industrial promotion. Currently, the rain water is collected in cisterns and used toilet flushing. The unit is run through the use of renewable raw materials. The foundation of the owner makes use of the outlying leased forest for producing wood Pellets (compressed wooden chips) which are used for heating and sometimes hot water. The construction of the new building for conference centre in the hotel complex is being fitted with photo-voltaic elements.. The energy so produced is diverted to a feeding station and from there onward to a central unit for adjustment with the individual energy requirements; a future-oriented autonomous direct access appears possible.

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INSTITUTIONSPROJECTS WITH INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

COLOMBIA-ProjectThe described project uses the possibilities of alternative technology to support an institution for mentally retarded children and youngsters. The institution is located in the eastern Columbia at a height of about 2500 m and is currently supplied by conventional methods. The average annual rainfall leads to sufficient quantity of water. Actually, the supply of electricity should also be continuous. Still, there are breakages in the power supply.

The increasing energy costs are equally matter of grave concern as the missing financing through the government. The advantage of the upgradation lies in the free of cost and permanent availability of hot water for washing and cleaning on one side and the entrepreneural, economic and therapeutic advantages on the other side.

The upgrading of housing is very useful here and takes place through solar collectors for the production of hot water as well as through use of photovoltaic elements and a windmill for the supply of electricity. The mounted elements provide space for drying of clothes because of regular rainfall on the location. A further auxiliary advantage is of educational nature: the utility of alternative technology can be demonstrated locally to students of nearby schools and educational institutions.

This project is regarding the construction project "The Royal Rehabilitation Centre" (RHC) and "The Royal Humanitarian Development Reformation Centre" (RHDRC) in the north-west region of Cameroon. The traditional forms of medicine from Africa, Asia and South America appear to enjoy a popularity even in the classic industrialized countries, where there is a growing recognition of the ancient knowledge of the east. Even the global pharmaceutical industry sends teams into far away regions to profit from the knowledge of the local people. In Africa the Republic of Cameroon is specially known in this context due to the personal attention of HRE Ambassador Dr Simon Leshey (I), King of African Cameroon Natural Healers, and representative of the Royal Development Cooperation Foundation. He is also the founder of the RHC and the RHDRC project.The advisors of the King recommend measures for maintaining the traditional culture while keeping in mind the general economic situation and with the aim to keep the running costs as low as possible.It is for this reason that the traditional construction forms, local materials, using natural lighting and ventilation as well as flexibility and autonomy of the infra-structure should be utilized and promoted. These goals are not possible to be achieved through the usual western-oriented technology. The current project is therefore also in this context extremely important. CAT (NGO) has over 10 years of local experience in the field of Appropriate Technology. The NGO has received award from the president of the republic as well as prizes also in the individual regions.

CAMEROON-Project

Like all old institutions, the National College of Arts, has a historical tradition. Much of its present tone was set long ago when it was known as the Mayo School of Arts. Gazetteers written about the city of Lahore in 1915 describe the work being done at the

school as one of the cultural highlights of the urban center. The Mayo School of Industrial Art was set up to commemorate Lord Mayo, the British Viceroy to India, assassinated in 1872. A teacher of painting and sculpture Lockwood Kipling, working then in Bombay in a Parsi School, was appointed its first Principal parallel to his charge of the Curator of the Lahore Museum. The Museum and the School were conceived together. Funds were raised through a special levy throughout the Punjab province on the occasion of the Jubilee of the British Queen in 1887. The object was to provide an institution containing a museum, a library and a number of lecture rooms where instructional staff would teach indigenous crafts. The Mayo School was intended to be a technical college in the fullness of time. Lockwood Kipling the curator Principal allowed the functions of the museum and the school to merge in a creative manner. Together with his more illustrious son, Rudyard Kipling, he planned and arranged the Museum in such a way that it reflected both the archeological and the traditional crafts heritage of the Punjab.

4-Shahrah-e-Qauid-e-Azam, Lahore.Tel: 92-42-99210599, 99210601 Fax: 92-42-99210500Email: info@nca.edu.pk

NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ARTS

The University of the Punjab was formally established with the convening of the first meeting of its Senate on October 14, 1882 at Simla. It was the fourth University to be established by the British colonial authorities on the Indian Subcontinent. The first three

universities were established by the British rulers at their initial strongholds of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. The University of the Punjab came into existence as a result of a long drawn struggle of the people of Punjab after the war of independence in 1857. Contrary to the three previously established universities, which were only examining institutions, the University of the Punjab was both teaching as well as examining body right from the beginning.

The contribution of Dr. G. W. Leitner, an enlightened Hungarian and a naturalized Britisher, was instrumental in the establishment of this University. He became its first Registrar. Prof. A. C. Woolner, who remained Vice-Chancellor of this University during 1928-1936, played a key role in its development during the initial decades of this century. His statue still stands in front of the Allama Iqbal Campus of the University.

Allama Iqbal CampusP.O. Box. No. 54000 LahoreE-Mail : info@pu.edu.pk

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INSTITUTIONSINSTITUTIONS

The University of Engineering and Technology (main) located in the northern part of Lahore on the historical "Grand Trunk Road (G.T. Road)", near the magnificent Shalimar Gardens built during the great Mughal Empire.

The institution started its career in 1921 as the Mughalpura Technical College . Later it became the Maclagan Engineering College, a name given to it in 1923 when Sir Edwards Maclagan, the then Governor of the Punjab who laid the foundation stone of the main building, now called the Main Block, which still retains its majesty despite the wear and tear of over eight decades. At that stage the institution offered courses of study in only two disciplines; Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering.

In the year 1932, the institution was affiliated with the University of the Punjab for award of a Bachelor's Degree in Engineering. In 1947, at the time of independence, the Institution was offering well-established B.Sc. Degree Courses in Civil, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering.

UET, LahoreLahore Cantt. G.T. Road Lahore. +92-42-99029205E-Mail info@uet.edu.pk

UNIVERSITY OFENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Lahore campus is located on Defence Road off Raiwind Road Lahore and is about 25 minutes drive from the main city. This campus was established in January 2002. The sprawling campus is purpose built and is spread

over area of 185 acres with constructed area of 400,000 sq. ft. The campus is equipped with the state-of-the-art computers and electronics labs.

During a short span of time, the continuous efforts of the dedicated faculty have made this campus known for its academics excellence, which forms strong foundations for a bright career for its alumni. Here the young minds can really create their future.

The environment at the campus is vibrant, creative and challenging, both for the teachers and students. The campus tends to excel in its research capability, which will open new horizons of knowledge in Information Technology. In a city of learning as Lahore, the campus caters for the ever-increasing demands of students in the fields of Computer Science, Telecommunication Engineering, Computer Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Management Science.

COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyM. A. Jinnah Building Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, LahoreE-Mail: pro@ciitlahore.edu.pk Tel: +92 (42) 111-001-007 Fax: +92 (42) 99203100

COMSATS

BNU is the first Liberal Arts University of Pakistan. Chartered by the Government of Punjab, the BNU, was established in 2003 for the purpose of imparting education with a modern and rational course content while ensuring that the history and culture of

Pakistani society are respected. BNU is planned as a non-profit, private university disseminating learning and encouraging research in diverse areas where the essential focus of the programs offered has been determined by the type of the work force identified for the future economic, business, academic, cultural and technological advancement of the country. As such, BNU offers students a range of subject areas which are of immense relevance to the countrys economy.

Over the years, Liberal Arts education has assumed a vital role. One armchair philosopher once said, "When the only tool you have is a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail." All knowledge is one, a unified wholeness, and every field of study is but a piece or an angle or a way of partitioning this knowledge.Thus, to see how one's chosen area fits into the whole, to see the context of one's study, we at BNU believe, liberal education is not merely desirable, but necessary.

13-km Raiwind Road, Lahore.Tel: 042 3532 4322 Email: info@bnu.edu.pkWeb: www.bnu.edu.pk

BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

FPAC supports all sorts of dialogue of social, economic, technical nature as well as East-West discussions on matters of mutual interest. It functions on national and international level by consolidating published, unpublished and practical works by its member scholars to provide a platform for intellectual discussion. The Foundation supports and promotes intellectual work by its Senior Research Fellows, who while working and publishing independently in their own capacity, collaborate with other Senior Research Fellows and other members on issues of mutual interest. The foundation supports actively the promotion and implementation of future-oriented projects aimed at addressing development of state and society.

Foundation for promotion of academic collaboration 58-Commercial Area, 3rd Floor, Cavalry Ground, Lahore - 54810 / PakistanPhone: 042-36673110 Fax: 042- 36683448 E-Mail:info@fpac.org.pk

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Biogas-Installation, in use since April 2011 in Greens Restaurant located on the National Highway between Lahore and Okara. Each week the faeces of 30 buffaloes is collected and mixed in a container with water in the ratio 2 kg faeces:1 liter water. The unit delivers daily 8 hours pf biogas to 4 burners or alternatively supplies gas to an electricity generator for 8 hours. After that a pause of 12 hours is made in order for the gas to renew itself. The excrement are transferred into a 3 chamber septic tank and the remaining fluid into the canal. The container has dimensions 18' x 18', the opening is 2' x 2'. Units of this sort are supplies by a manufacturer near Faisalabad and they cost around 200000 rupees.

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