Green Fuel Tech Emulsion Fuel Ppt Read-Only
Transcript of Green Fuel Tech Emulsion Fuel Ppt Read-Only
Save ENERGY...Save ENERGY...
Save ENVIRONMENTSave ENVIRONMENT……
With With ‘‘EMULSIFIED FUEL OILEMULSIFIED FUEL OIL’’
G F TG F TJUNE, 2012
GREEN FUEL TECHGREEN FUEL TECH
WATERWATER--ININ--OIL FUEL EMULSIONSOIL FUEL EMULSIONS
G F TG F T
Emulsion fuelsEmulsion fuels –––––––– an economical andan economical and
environmentally responsible optionenvironmentally responsible option
EMULSIFIED FUEL
Most common Emulsified Fuels are water-in-oil emulsions where micron sized water
droplets are suspended in a Hydrocarbon medium like Heavy Oil ( Furnace Oil) ,
Diesel or even Bitumen.
Emulsified fuels have excellent combustion characteristics, with complete Carbon
burn-outs, controlled peak-flame-temperatures, which results in Higher Economy,
Less Smoke and lower NOx formation.
Emulsified Oils can be manufactured by various means processes depending on
factors like the type of Hydrocarbon used and the quantity of water added.
Emulsions consist of at least two distinct materials that do not physically mix but
are blended to stay suspended one in the other.
G F TG F T
Benefits of using Emulsified fuelBenefits of using Emulsified fuelBenefits of using Emulsified fuel
Emulsified Fuel results in lower fuel costs by 10 to 15% depending on fuel quality and
operational parameters. Emulsified Fuel burns cleanly with considerable decrease in
emissions (dust, ash, SOx, NOx,CO,CO2 and CO).
Applications of Emulsified fuelApplications of Emulsified fuelApplications of Emulsified fuel
Boilers, Furnaces and diesel engines.
Fuels that can be EmulsifiedFuels that can be EmulsifiedFuels that can be Emulsified
Residual Fuel oils (furnace oil included), waste oils, diesel, gasoline, vegetable
oils, etc.
EMULSIFIED FUEL – Benefits and uses
Direct additional benefit for environmentDirect additional benefit for environmentDirect additional benefit for environment
Near complete combustion results in lower emissions and green house gas emissions.
Emulsions are the only fuel technology that simultaneously reduces both NOx and particulate
matter (PM) emissions.
G F TG F T
Introducing water to petroleum products for combustion is a concept that
has been around for centuries. In fact, reference to water as an ancillary
combustion control technique can be found as early as 1791 in a gas turbine
patent.
Emulsified Fuel is embedded with water droplets of 5-10 micron size.
When it is atomized by the burner, the flame temperature causes the
embedded water droplets in the emulsified Fuel to burst into steam
increasing in volume by many times.
This rapid expansion shatters the fuel oil droplet into a 1-5 micron sized Oil
drops, thus having 1000 times greater surface area.
This unique combustion characteristic of Emulsified Fuels is known
as “Secondary Atomization.”
PRINCIPLE OF EMULSIFIED FUEL COMBUSTION
G F TG F T
COMPARISON OF FLAME GEOMETRY
G F TG F T
NORMAL & EMULSIFIED FUEL DROPLET –
AN ILLUSTRATION
G F TG F T
FUEL OIL ENCASED WATER DROPLET
Each H2O molecule is surrounded by petroleum, creating emulsified droplets
G F TG F T
Emulsified Fuel Oil
Hydrocarbon Oil Water Additive Mixer
PROCESS OF MAKING EMULSIFIED FUEL
G F TG F T
WATER PARTICLE SIZE –POST ATOMIZATION
G F TG F T
NORMAL FUEL AND EMULSION FUEL –PHYSICAL APPREARANCE
Water-in-fuel emulsion
Black oil after proper dispersion - atomized drops of waters - it is not visible.
Normal fuel oil
Water in black oil, distanceBetween lines of 100 micron)
G F TG F T
NORMAL COMBUSTION PROCESS
When a regular fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber
(whether it is a steam boiler, diesel engine or a furnace), it is
atomized into droplets varying in size from 50 to 200 microns.
Because only the surface of each fuel droplet exposed to air can burn,
larger liquid fuel droplets do not burn completely, leaving unburned
carbon to collect on the surfaces of a combustion chamber or escape
as particulate matter in exhaust gases. This reduces overall thermal
efficiency and increases harmful emissions.
G F TG F T
COMBUSTION OF NORMAL FUEL DROPLET
- SCHEMATIC
Example: Bunker C OilExample: Bunker C Oil
Bunker C OilBunker C Oil
Evaporation point 300 DEG cEvaporation point 300 DEG c
Ignition combustion point 530 Ignition combustion point 530
DEG cDEG c
Ash 0.01~0.04%Ash 0.01~0.04%
Reserved carbon 7~10 wt%Reserved carbon 7~10 wt%
Combustion rate is insufficient Combustion rate is insufficient
compared to light oilcompared to light oil
Pyrolysis*The different evaporation point
300 Deg C and ignition
[combustion] point 530 Deg C
generates carbon elements that
are difficult to be burned.
50~200
microns
Heat in
combustor
Evaporating
combustion
Decomposing
combustion
Pyrolyzing temperature
Above 300 Deg C
A carbon dust which includes
concentrated ash that (20~50
microns)
is a result of the lack of
evaporation.
*The transformation of a substance into one or more other substances by heat alone without oxidation G F TG F T
COMBUSTION OF NORMAL FUEL IN
THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
G F TG F T
COMBUSTION OF EMULSIFIED FUEL OIL
� When emulsified fuel droplets are sprayed into the combustion chamber, they are atomized a second time as a result of the violent transformation of theirwater content into steam. This transformation of water into steam shatters the petroleum surrounding that water into much smaller droplets.
� Smaller droplets have a much greater surface area, significantly improving the efficiency of combustion. This unique combustion characteristic of emulsified fuels is commonly referred to as “secondary atomization”. A secondary effect of water transforming into steam is that peak combustion temperatures are reduced, resulting in the formation of significantly fewer smog-forming NOxemissions. The changes in combustion kinetics also significantly reduce PM emissions that result from incomplete combustion.
G F TG F T
PRINCIPLE OF EMULSIFIED FUEL COMBUSTION
G F TG F T
COMBUSTION OF EMULSIFIED FUEL
- SCHEMATIC
Principle-Combustion of Emulsified Fuel PrinciplePrinciple--Combustion of Emulsified Fuel Combustion of Emulsified Fuel
When vaporized,
Water expands
more than
1700 times
Explosive evaporation of the micron sized water molecules in
high temperature free the oil molecules.
The micron size oil molecules have a greater surface
area supporting cleaner combustion.
At a nano level the free H+ radicals
combine with the O3
This micro burns restors
the calorie loss due to
heat of vaporization.
Emulsion fuel particle, O3,Oil and water mix
Combustion chamber of boiler Micro Explosion
Heavy Oil
evaporation point
above 300 Deg C
Water
evaporation point
above 100 Deg C
When the diameter of the emulsion particle is below
100 micron, the oxygen contactable surface area becomes
100 times greater. When the diameter is below 5 micron, it
becomes 5,000 times greater.
G F TG F T
COMBUSTION OF EMULSION FUEL IN
COMBUSTION CHAMBER
G F TG F T
WATER – A PRODUCT OF COMBUSTION
Combustion of any hydrocarbon will produce a significant amount of
water, in the form of steam, from the reaction of the hydrogen in the fuel
and oxygen in the air.
In fact, depending on the type of fuel, the water mass produced during
combustion can be greater than the mass of the fuel source. In other
words, emulsified fuel technology is only altering the sequence in which
the water is introduced into combustion - not introducing water as a new compound.
The following combustion reaction for methane illustrates this:
CH4 + 2O2 > CO2 + 2H2O
One mole of methane with an atomic weight of 16 producing two moles
of water with an atomic weight of 36.
G F TG F T
WATER BALANCE(During combustion of normal fuel and emulsified fuel)
1 kg fuel needs ~14.5 kg of air to burn:
� The combustion develops:N2 : ~11.0 kgCO2 / SO2 / NOx : ~3.2 kgH2O produced during combustion : ~1.3 kg
1 kg emulsion with 90% oil & 10% H2O needs ~13.0 kg of air to burn:
� The combustion develops:N2 : ~9.9 kgCO2 / SO2 / NOx : ~2.9 kgH2O produced during combustion : ~1.2 kgAdded H2O : ~0.1 kgTotal H2O : ~1.3 kg
� Therefore there is no change in the moisture content in flue gases (steam) in spite of adding water for preparing the fuel emulsion.
G F TG F T
Economical issue
Attributes
MeritsEmulsion
? Small sized particles
? Surfactant holds the H20 and Oil molecule together
? Near Complete combustion
? Works without any modification on burner system
? Economy in price - 10 to 15% less fuel consumption
? Uses any fresh water supply
? Considerable reduction in CO2, SO2, etc
? Dust reduction rate
BENEIFITS OF EMULSION FUELS
Emulsion fuel
G F TG F T
WIN–WIN OPPORTUNITY
Salient features of our contract:
� No investment in emulsifying equipment, additive or manpower by the customer.
� The equipment is owned, operated & maintained by us.
� On site Real-time demo for 15 to 30 days (free of cost) to evaluate the
saving potential of emulsified fuel oil.
� After a successful demo, a service fee will be charged for every Kl of emulsified oil produced (this payment will come from fuel savings).
� No savings - No pay.
� Therefore, it is a No Risk–All Gain opportunity for the customer.
G F TG F T
TYPICAL ASSEMBLED EMULSION SYSTEM
G F TG F T
EMULSION FUEL SERVICES
� THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.
� PLEASE SWITCH TO EMULSIFIED FURNACE OIL TO
SAVE ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT.
For emulsion services and management, please contact:
Mr S Suriyanarayanan
Green Fuel Tech
Cell : +91 90527 88398
E-mail: [email protected]
G F TG F T