Reality of implementing green buildings in your city feb 23 2011
Green buildings from the home to the city
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Transcript of Green buildings from the home to the city
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Green Buildings – from the home to the cityUrban Permaculture ideas
S.Vishwanathwww.biome-solutions.com
www.rainwaterclub.orgYou-tube, Twitter, Slide-share, Face-book :
zenrainman
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What is permaculture ?
• One definition (there are many )
• CREATING SUSTAINABLE HUMAN HABITATS BY FOLLOWING NATURE'S PATTERNS
• Comes from permanent agriculture and then permanent culture
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Who is it for ?
• It is for everyone wishing to live sustainable and tread more lightly on the Earth.
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Ethics
• Earth care respecting the earth the source of life
• People care Fair share Helping each other to live using the earths resource
sustainably equitably
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Permaculture principles
• Work with nature not against• See solutions not problems• Seek diversity not monoculture• Every element should serve many functions• Yield is limited only by imagination• Work in cycles and zones
– Source Permaculture a beginners guide –G.Burnett
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Earth
• The removal of good top soil for brick making destroys the soil in the peri-urban areas of cities
• The use of sand for construction destroys rivers and water sources as well as land due to a process called filtered sand
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Earth
• Every site has earth• In the design of the building incorporate earth• Remove the top soil and keep it• Design a basement to excavate earth• Use this to make earth blocks /cob/rammed
earth for construction• The material for walls can come from the site• Sand requirement can be reduced by 50% – 60 %
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A basement provides earth for the house
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Making Earth Blocks at site
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RAMMED EARTH WALLING
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A thermally stable place
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09/15/09
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What the city does/should do
• Property tax rebate for earth construction• Approved as a building material in building
codes• Encourage skill development in earth
construction• Develop and encourage building codes
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Water
• Water the city comes from the Cauvery 100 km away and 300 mts below
• There is a limit of 1500 MLD available• Costliest water in Asia with embodied energy of 1.8
Units per Kilo-litre of water• SOLUTION
• Use rainwater falling on the site wisely• Capture it as high as possible and store• With the excess, recharge groundwater• Recycle and reuse all water
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We need to return to the culture of the open well
Where the well talks to us dailyWhere water can be drawn without electricity
Where water can be recharged
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Collect rooftop rainwater
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A rain barrel to collect water from the stair-case roof
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A simple cloth filter to clean rainwater
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Checking rainwater for bacteria – h2s vial test
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SODIS- Using the sun to kill bacteria
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Keeping the roof clean is important
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What the city does
• Made rainwater harvesting compulsory • For every square metre of roof area 20 litres
of storage or recharge• About 100,000 buildings are harvesting
rainwater• 100 ‘tanks’ or urban lakes are being revived
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Water table in Bangalore
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Energy
• Use solar energy for– water purification– Cooking– Water heating– Lighting
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Solar cooking
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Use a bio-mass water heater
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Solar water heating
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Solar lighting
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What the city does
• Solar water heaters now compulsory for new buildings
• Bangalore has the single largest installations of solar water heaters in India
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Nutrients
• Compost kitchen waste• Use ‘Eco-san’ principles and recycle nutrients
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Kitchen organics composterwww.dailydump.org
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Use ‘Ecological Sanitation’ generated fertilizer
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• COMPOSTING TOILET (SQUATTING PAN)
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43COLLECTORS
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44BATHROOM LAYOUT
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What the city does The business of waste
• Sewage treatment insufficient and not all households are connected
• Untreated sewage is killing rivers though providing nutrients to farmers
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Vijayapura- falling groundwater tables
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Waste-water from the city
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Used productively
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Growing vegetables too
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STP’s need to be linked to reuse
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Nature as treatment
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Lake ecosystem
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• 37 acres on Sarjapur Road
• 360 plots• No BWSSB supply• Only groundwater as
source.• Incident rainfall =145
million litres
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What Rainbow Drive did
• Banned private bore-wells• Shared community bore-wells 3 numbers• Made recharge as a community , over 260
recharge wells• Put in a place a tariff system based on true cost• Treated wastewater from WWTP being used
for non-potable use• Now almost completely self sufficient for water
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What we need
• Scientific inputs from the WHO guidelines for a sanitation safety plan and a waste-water reuse plan to manage negative impacts
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India Sanitation (Census 2011)
Septic Tanks• (million)• Urban 30.09• Rural 24.67
• Total 54.76
Pit toilets• (million)• Urban 55.97• Rural 17.68
• Total 73 .65
• Grand Total 128.41
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Septic tanks and Pit Latrines
Another 113 million rural households and 14 million urban households will build toilets and mostly pit toilets in the near future
This represents a massive sludge management challenge
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Vacum sucking a pit latrine
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the honey-sucker can reach 250 feet
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It has eliminated manual scavenging
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There are 300 of them in Bangalore City
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The trucks are indigenously designed
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In many apartments a daily visit
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Nutrient value is recovered
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But how to avoid soil and groundwater pollution ?
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Nutrient analysis in progress
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Farmers have understood the nutrient value
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The crop
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The fruits
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Nutrient management policy
• Solid waste management• Sewage management • Septage management
• All on the basis of nutrient reuse.
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BEFORE AND AFTER ECOSANBEFORE AND AFTER ECOSANCONSUMPTION (ltrs of water/day)
• DRINKING 3• COOKING 4• BATHING 15• CLOTHES 23• UTENSILS 25• GARDEN 25• FLUSHING 40• TOTAL 135
• 3• 4• 15• 20 ECOSAN • 25 saving• 0 67.5• 0.5 • 67.5
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Roof-scape Bengaluru...........
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Roofs are• Sterile,• Uninteresting
and• Heat sinks• Yet they
receive almost all of the rain, sun, wind and life
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Can roofs be smarter ?Since they receive
– maximum– Can they solve a city’s – water, – storm-water, – energy, – wastewater, – Food and– bio-diversity problem ?
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How about? A roof that grows rice
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Uses only treated grey water to grow
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Harvests rain
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RAINWATER AND ECOSAN RAINWATER AND ECOSAN
BANGALORE’S SCENARIO
100 SQ MT OF ROOF
PRODUCES:
• 97,000 LITRES RAIN• 88,000 LITRES
HARVESTEDDEMAND:
67.5 Ltrs/day X 4 pers X 365
= 98,550 LITRES
OUTCOME:• 325 DAYS OF WATER
DEMAND SUPPLIED FROM RAIN
• ZERO SEWAGE RUNOFF• NUTRIENTS USED
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Uses the Sun
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87Biome Environmental Solutions Pvt
Ltd
PROVIDES FOR BIODIVERSITY
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Roof produces and takes care of
• 100 sq. mt. 100,000 litres of water• 100 sq. mt 200 kgs of rice and vegetables• 100 sq. mt. All the grey water –100 ltrs/day• 100 sq.mt All the urine 1500 litres / year• 100 sq. mt All the solid waste generated• 100 sq mt 32 different species of birds• 100 SQ mt heat 100 litres daily• Light 12 bulbs• Cook for 4 people lunch and dinner
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So what can a smart roof do?
• Provide– Food security… and grow rice, banana, vegetables –Water security .. and treat waste water– Energy security… and keep the house cool– Ecological security… and help save the sparrow
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The future then…
60% of built Bangalore or any metropolis is roofs.
What do we do about them?
Heat sinks or
Designed Ecological spaces
The choice is ours.
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