Greeks In general, Greek art is what all art is

compared. Broken into three main periods

Archaic “old” 600-480BC Styles for human depiction established

Classical 4th and 5th century BC Reproduce idealistic representations of form 480 to 330 BC (after Persian invasion of Athens

to Alexander the Great's change of power) Hellenistic 1st Century BC

Greek culture in non-Greek lands Greeks called themselves Hellens

Archaic Kuoros

Hellenistic: Venus De Milos

Classical: Hermes

Etruscans Found in NW Italy formally Villanovans

Introduced Iron work

Became known as Etruscans after they established flourishing city-states.

Traded with Eastern Lands (Asia)

Traded with Greece

Adopted the Greek Alphabet for their own written language.

Art was used to determine that the previously established Villanovans were in fact the Etruscans

AMPHORA Villanovans fired a dull gray aka IMPASTO style(top) Etruscans fired a shiny black (bottom) BUCCHHERO STYLE- BLACK during reduction firing.

Pottery and Jewelry

Fibular (safety Pins) Bronze Mirrors

Gift to women Set in a castae

Greeks & Etruscans• Etruscans: Minimal influence

from Near Eastern Culture.

Tombs (tumuli) lined streets of wealthy cemeteries (rectangular box shapes)

Greeks: Deities classical

style Common people

humble style Powerful and

wealthy

Etruscan Abecedarium on a Baccurro container for display purposes

Architecture• Etruscans: Pronaos- Deep porch

(only accessible from one side.)

Cella- Deep sanctuary. Columns only on front Checkered ceiling tombs EX:Temple at Veii (on a tall podium)

Greek: Shorter height Access from all sides Columns on all four sides Ex: Parthenon

Roman Temple Temple of Jupiter Optimus • aka Capitolinus Greek Style of columns General Etruscan layout Etruscan artist: Vulca Burned during reign of Sulla

Sulla had it rebuilt (didn't live to see it) Augustus had it repaired Burned again during reign of Vespian who again rebuilt it Burned again during reign of Titus Finally plundered and destroyed during the sacking of Rome

Sarcophagus and Urns Ash Urns: Canopic

Human features Human shaped head for lid EX: Canopic Urn 650-600 BC

Terra Cotta Sarcophagus Celebrated the life they lived. Often included depiction of spouse. 4th and 6th century- Generalized or

idealized features Later pieces for more individualized. EX: Etruscan Sarcophagus from

Cerveteri (6th century)

Additional Etruscan Urns

Biconical Urn ~ Hut Shaped Urn ~ Canopic Style Urn

Sarcophagus (Atypical Etruscan) (Left)Urn of Arnth Velimnas

Tomb of the Volumnii Individualized older man

-------------------------------------------

(Right) From Vulci Husband and wife Wife is idealized and

husband is individualized.

Similar to the Terracotta husband and wife sarcophagus