GreeceGreece

Greece’s geographyGreece’s geography

• 80% of Greece is 80% of Greece is made up of made up of mountainsmountains

• Greece is a peninsula Greece is a peninsula located in the located in the Mediterranean SeaMediterranean Sea

• Greece has many Greece has many islands located in the islands located in the Mediterranean SeaMediterranean Sea

Greeks Take to the WaterGreeks Take to the Water

• Because of Because of Greece’s Greece’s mountainousmountainous terrain, the Greeks terrain, the Greeks became experts at became experts at sailing and sailing and shipbuilding.shipbuilding.

The Greeks Spread OutThe Greeks Spread Out

• The Greeks The Greeks colonized areas all colonized areas all across the across the Mediterranean Sea Mediterranean Sea and the and the AegeanAegean Sea including: Sea including:

• Marseille, France.Marseille, France.

• Naples, Italy.Naples, Italy.

• Istanbul, Turkey.Istanbul, Turkey.

What sea lies to the east of What sea lies to the east of Greece?Greece?

• The The AegeanAegean Sea Sea

Early Greek CivilizationsEarly Greek Civilizations

• The The MycenaeansMycenaeans and the Minoans and the Minoans were early Greek were early Greek civilizations that civilizations that helped shape later helped shape later Greek cultures. Greek cultures.

Classical AgeClassical Age• Our study of ancient Our study of ancient

Greece is a view of aGreece is a view of a classical ageclassical age because because of the Greek’s additions of the Greek’s additions to: to:

• Architecture Architecture

• PoliticsPolitics

• Art and writing Art and writing

• A classical age is A classical age is marked by its many marked by its many great achievementsgreat achievements. .

Athenian GovernmentAthenian Government

• 11stst ruled by kings ruled by kings

• Later ruled by Later ruled by aristocratsaristocrats (rich land (rich land owners) and an owners) and an oligarchyoligarchy

• Briefly ruled by the Briefly ruled by the tyrant tyrant DracoDraco

• Eventually became Eventually became the world’s first the world’s first democracydemocracy

Before the Athenians Before the Athenians created a democracy, they created a democracy, they were ruled by an…were ruled by an…• OligarchyOligarchy!!

Greek city-states (polis)Greek city-states (polis)

• City-states were City-states were created to combine created to combine many small groups many small groups to gain to gain protectionprotection and and stabilitystability..

• Over time, people Over time, people living in a living in a polis polis thought of themselves thought of themselves as residents of the as residents of the city-state (polis),city-state (polis), not not as Greeks.as Greeks.

Why did the Greeks create Why did the Greeks create city-states?city-states?

• The Greeks created city-states for The Greeks created city-states for protectionprotection and and stabilitystability..

AcropolisAcropolis

A fortified hill with a temple on top and A fortified hill with a temple on top and an agora on the bottom. an agora on the bottom.

AgoraAgora

• An An agoraagora is a is a marketplace and marketplace and meeting place. meeting place.

• The agora was The agora was located in the located in the center of the polis. center of the polis.

Story Story TellingTelling• The Greeks The Greeks had different had different ways to tell ways to tell stories stories including: including:

• Epic poemsEpic poems

• Lyric poemsLyric poems

• FablesFables

• MythsMyths

Epic PoemsEpic PoemsA lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious A lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events. subject containing details of heroic deeds and events. Homer’sHomer’s IliadIliad is an example of an epic poem. The is an example of an epic poem. The IliadIliad tells tells the story of the last years of the Trojan War.the story of the last years of the Trojan War.

Lyric poemsLyric poemsPoetry that expresses personal and emotional Poetry that expresses personal and emotional feelings. These poems are set to feelings. These poems are set to music.music. Ancient Ancient Greeks would sing lyric poems using a lyre (musical Greeks would sing lyric poems using a lyre (musical instrument featured above).instrument featured above).

FablesFablesA short story featuring ordinary events that A short story featuring ordinary events that teaches some sort of lesson. teaches some sort of lesson. AesopAesop was famous was famous for his fables.for his fables.

MythsMythsA story of events that serves to unfold part of the world A story of events that serves to unfold part of the world view of a people or explain a practice, belief, or natural view of a people or explain a practice, belief, or natural phenomenon.phenomenon.

Heroes and MythologyHeroes and Mythology• Odysseus: Hero from Odysseus: Hero from

Homer’s epic poem the Homer’s epic poem the Odyssey.Odyssey.

• Achilles: Greek hero of Achilles: Greek hero of the Trojan War.the Trojan War.

• Hercules: Greatest of all Hercules: Greatest of all Greek heroes. Greek heroes. Completed 12 Completed 12 impossible tasks.impossible tasks.

• TheseusTheseus: : AthenianAthenian hero hero who killed the who killed the MinotaurMinotaur. .

Who was the Greek that Who was the Greek that was famous for his fables?was famous for his fables?

• AesopAesop!!

Who was Theseus?Who was Theseus?

• The The Athenian heroAthenian hero who killed the who killed the MinotaurMinotaur..

Greek GodsGreek Gods

• Aphrodite: goddess of Aphrodite: goddess of lovelove

• Apollo: god of the Apollo: god of the sunsun• Ares: god of Ares: god of warwar• Athena: goddess of Athena: goddess of

wisdomwisdom• Hades: god of the Hades: god of the

underworldunderworld• Poseidon: god of the Poseidon: god of the

seasseas• Zeus: Zeus: kingking of the gods of the gods• Hera: Hera: queenqueen of the gods of the gods

Who is the Greek queen of Who is the Greek queen of the gods?the gods?

• HeraHera

Greeks Strongly Influenced Greeks Strongly Influenced Our Language TodayOur Language Today

• Many Many EnglishEnglish words and expressions words and expressions come from come from Greek mythologyGreek mythology..

Many of our phrases come Many of our phrases come from Greek mythology.from Greek mythology.Greek mythologyGreek mythology

• Achilles’ weak spot Achilles’ weak spot was his heel. was his heel.

• Hercules conquered Hercules conquered his 12 impossible his 12 impossible tasks.tasks.

• King Midas had been King Midas had been granted the ability to granted the ability to turn things to gold by turn things to gold by his touch.his touch.

English sayingsEnglish sayings

• A persons’ weak spot is A persons’ weak spot is known as an “Achilles known as an “Achilles heel”.heel”.

• When a person has a When a person has a tough task to tough task to accomplish, it’s known accomplish, it’s known as a “herculean task”.as a “herculean task”.

• A person who has luck A person who has luck with money has the with money has the “Midas touch”.“Midas touch”.

Essay QuestionEssay Question

• At the end of your test, tell me At the end of your test, tell me fivefive characters from Greek mythology. characters from Greek mythology. This can include a This can include a hero and what hero and what they didthey did or a or a god and what the god god and what the god rules overrules over. .

• This can be worth up to This can be worth up to five extra five extra pointspoints on your test!on your test!