Great Neck South Middle School Technology Energy and Electricity Introduction.
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Transcript of Great Neck South Middle School Technology Energy and Electricity Introduction.
![Page 1: Great Neck South Middle School Technology Energy and Electricity Introduction.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649cee5503460f949bc44e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Great Neck South Middle School
Technology
Energy and Electricity Introduction
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What is energy?
Energy is the ability to do work, or cause change. Energy is literally what makes the world and everything in it go. Energy is the magic stuff stored in the battery that makes the flashlight work. The gasoline in a car’s gas tank contains energy. The car’s engine merely converts the gasoline’s energy into a usable form.
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While there are many forms and sources of energy,
there are only two types:
Potential
Kinetic
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Kinetic “energy associated with
motion.”
When discussing kinetic energy, it’s important to keep in mind that the mass and velocity of an object determine its kinetic energy. We can take a look at kinetic energy by throwing a basketball and a baseball.
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Potential“The energy something has which is
stored and not moving.” “the energy that a piece of matter has because of
its position or because of the arrangement of parts” because the matter has the potential, or opportunity, to do work.
There are two types of potential energy: elastic potential energy and gravitational potential energy.
Water behind a dam has gravitational potential energy.
A stretched rubber band has elastic potential
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Forms of energy Mechanical — the energy of motion Electrical — think lightning or electricity moving
through electrical wires Electromagnetic or radiant — energy of
magnetism and light Chemical — energy produced by chemical
reactions like those that occur in batteries Nuclear — potential energy stored in the nuclei of
atoms
Sound — the energy of vibrating sound waves Heat – from burning fuel or the earth
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Energy Conversion
Many of the devices we use every day convert energy from one form to another.
These devices are called transducers.
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Transducers
Flashlight — converts chemical energy (stored in the battery) to electrical energy to light the bulb.
The bulb converts the electrical energy to electromagnetic or
radiant energy.
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Transducers
Toaster — converts electrical energy into thermal energy.
Car engine — converts the chemical energy stored in the gasoline into mechanical and thermal energy.
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What do transducers do?
Convert one energy type to another.
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How do we produce electricity?
Generators - - - - > MechanicalBatteries - - - - - > ChemicalsPhotovoltaic Cells - > LightPiezio electric - - > Pressure
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Generator – A mechanical device that produces electricity by a process of rotating a magnet inside a coil of copper wire. A generator is a transducer that uses rotary mechanical motion to produces electricity.
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Industrial & Home Electrical Generators
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Battery
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Photovoltaic Cells
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Piezio Electric
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Renewable Energy Vs. Non Renewable
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Natural Energy All Renewable
Non Consumed when used
Solar
Wind
Water
Geothermal
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Energy Existing in Nature
Natural energy sources are ALL RENEWABLE
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Wind Energy
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Wind Farm
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Wind Farm
Middlegruden
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Wind Farm
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Wind Farm
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Wind Turbine Generator
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LIPA wind farm
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Heat Energy
Geothermal – heat from the earth
Solar Thermal – heat from the sun
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Solar Energy
Light Heat
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Solar Energy
Light energy -- Electrical energy
Uses Photovoltaic Cell
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Solar Energy
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Water must be Moving• Hydroelectric Power- dams & rivers• Tidal – vertical movement of tides• Wave – using the up/down motion of
waves• Thermal-using the temperature difference
of oceans
Water Energy
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Hydroelectric
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Tidal
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Wave
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Oregon State Wave Park
A 2.25-megawatt project off the coast of Portugal went on line this fall (2008), becoming the world's first commercial wave-energy development in operation. It can supply 1,500 households with electricity.
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Ocean Thermal
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Fuels
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Fuels
AdvantagesPortableStorable
DisadvantagesPollute
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Energy from Fuels
Must Be Burned to Create SteamPollute
Some are :RenewableNon Renewable
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Renewable Fuels
Replaceable in a short period of time Biomass - - - - -> Once alive Plants
Trees-WoodCorn, Sugar Cane –Ethanol AlcoholAlgae
Garbage
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Biomass as Fuels
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Non Renewable Fuels
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Non Renewable Fuels
Fossil FuelsPetroleum- Oil
GasolineHeating OilPlastics
CoalNatural Gas
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Non Renewable Energy
Nuclear Fission - split atomsFusion – combine atoms
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Energy Conservation
Shut off lights Fluorescent/Compact lights
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RecycleReduceReuse
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What do biomass and fossil fuels have in common?
BurnablePollute
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Name two advantages to fuels and why we use them.
PortableStorable
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What energy source do you think is the safest, cleanest, easiest to use?
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Great New York Blackout
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Hopefully Not
The End