Great Military Leaders (a Report)

7/26/2019 Great Military Leaders (a Report)

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TAMBOV OBLAST STATE BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENT

CADET BOARDING SCHOOL

MULTI-PROFILE CADET CORPS

GREAT

MILITARY

COMMANDERS OF RUSSIA

Fulfilled by cde! I"#i$ A%

TAMBOV& '()*


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Alexander NevskyAlexander Nevsky (1220-

12630) was a great military

commander of his time who haltedthe eastward drive of the !ermansand "wedes# $y defeating a"wedish invasion force at thecon%&ence of the 'ivers hora andNeva (12*0) he won the nameNevsky +of the Neva,#

hen in 12*0 the "wedesinvaded '&ssia to .&nish the

Novgorodians for encroaching on/innish tries and to ar '&ssiasaccess to the sea Alexanderdefeated the "wedes at the

con%&ence of the 'ivers hora and Neva# is standing enhanced yhis victory he a..arently egan to intervene in the aairs of the cityand was ex.elled a few months later#

hen &rged y 4o.e !regory 5 to +hristianie, the $altic

region the 7e&tonic 8nights shortly thereafter invaded '&ssiaNovgorod invited Alexander to ret&rn# After a n&mer of attlesAlexander decisively defeated the !ermans in the famo&s +massacreon the ice, in A.ril 12*2 on a narrow channel etween 9akes h&d(4ei.&s) and 4skov# Alexander who contin&ed to :ght oth the"wedes and !ermans and event&ally sto..ed their eastwardex.ansion also won many victories over the .agan 9ith&anians andthe /innish .eo.les#

n 12;< the =ongols in order to levy taxes took a cens&s in

most of '&ssia# t enco&ntered little o..osition &t when news of theim.ending en&meration reached Novgorod an &.rising roke o&t# n12;> Alexander fearing that the =ongols wo&ld .&nish all of '&ssiafor the Novgorodian revolt hel.ed force Novgorod to s&mit to thecens&s and to =ongol taxation# 7his com.leted the .rocess ofim.osing the =ongol yoke on northern '&ssia#

n 1262 &.risings roke o&t in many towns against the =&slimtax farmers of the !olden orde and Alexander made a fo&rth

?o&rney to "aray to avert re.risals# e s&cceeded in his mission as

well as in otaining exem.tion for '&ssians from a draft of men for a.lanned invasion of ran# 'et&rning home Alexander died onNovemer 1* 1263 in !orodets on the @olga#


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Alexander Nevsky was canonied y the '&ssian rthodoxh&rch in 1;*


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Pavel StepanovichNakhimov

4avel "te.anovich Nakhimov (1>02-1>;;)was one of the most famo&s admirals in '&ssiannaval history est rememered as thecommander of naval and land forces d&ring the"iege of "evasto.ol d&ring the rimean ar#

e was orn in the !orodok village of@yama &yed of "molensk !overnorate#Nakhimov entered the Naval Academy for the

Noility in "t 4eters&rg in 1>1;# e made his:rst sea voyage in 1>11> he .assed examinations to ecome a

midshi.man and was immediately assigned to the second /leet rew of the'&ssian m.erial Navys $altic /leet#

At the eginning of his naval career Nakhimovs ex.erience was

limited to the voyages in the $altic "ea and a more extensive tri. from thehite "ea .ort of Arkhangelsk to 8ronstadt naval ase near "t 4eters&rg#is l&cky reak came in =arch 1>22 when he was assigned to the frigateEr&iserEH the vessel took .art in a ro&nd-the-gloe ex.editioncommanded y well-known '&ssian ex.lorer =ikhail 4etrovich 9aarevwho had already &ndertaken several s&ch voyages#

F&ring the three-year voyage Nakhimov was .romoted to the rank oflie&tenant# n concl&sion of this advent&re he received his :rst award therder of "t# @ladimir @ degree# e ret&rned to his native "molensk and was

assigned to the 26#

n the s&mmer of 1>2


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F&ring the rimean war Nakhimov disting&ished himself yannihilating the ttoman %eet at "ino.e in 1>;3# is :nest ho&r camed&ring the siege of "evasto.ol where he and Admiral @# A# 8ornilovorganied from scratch the land defense of the city and its .ort the homease of the '&ssian $lack "ea /leet# As the commander of the .ort and the

military governor of the city Nakhimov ecame in fact the head of the"evasto.ol naval and land defense forces# n B&ly 10 1>;; whileins.ecting the forward-defense .ositions on =alakhov k&rgan he wasfatally wo&nded y a sni.er and died two days later#

Nakhimov was &ried inside "t @ladimirs athedral in "evasto.olalong with =ikhail 9aarev @#A# 8ornilov and @ladimir stomin# 7here is amon&ment erected in his memory# 7he m.erial government .resentedother .osth&mo&s honors and named the Naval ollege in "t 4eters&rgafter him and estalishing the rder of Nakhimov (with two degrees) and

the Nakhimov =edal for Navy .ersonnel# 7he rder of Nakhimov was.reserved as one of the highest military decorations in '&ssia#


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Fyodor FyodorovichUshakov

/yodor /yodorovich Dshakov (11


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$rewing con%ict etween the commanders was .revented yDshakovs eing recalled to '&ssia in 1>00 where the new Km.erorAlexander failed to a..reciate his victories# Dshakov resigned commandin 1>0< and withdrew into the "anaksar Aey (in =ordovia)# e wasasked to command the local militia d&ring the 4atriotic ar of 1>12 &t

declined# e died on ctoer 1* 1>1


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Georgy KonstantinovichZhukov

!# Lh&kov (1>C6-1C 1C*; !# Lh&kov re.resented the "oviet Dnion at!ermanyMs formal s&rrender# After the war he remained in !ermany as acommander of the "oviet Lone#

D.on Lh&kovMs ret&rn to =oscow in 1C*6 however "talin a..ointedhim to a series of regional commands# nly after "talin died (=arch 1C;3)


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!# Lh&kov ecame a Fe.&ty "ecretary of Fefence (1C;3) and two yearslater he was a..ointed "ecretary of Fefence (1C;;)#

e &ndertook .rograms to im.rove the .rofessional skills of thearmed forces# $eca&se this eort involved a red&ction in the .artyMscontrol of the armed forces his .olicies ro&ght him into con%ict with

.artyMs leaders# n ctoer 26 1C;< !# Lh&kov was dismissed as"ecretary of Fefence# e remained in relative osc&rity &ntil 1C6*# ewas later awarded the rder of 9enin (1C66) and allowed to .&lish hisa&toiogra.hy in 1C6C#

An o&tstanding military leader a hero of orld ar and militarygeni&s !eorgy 8onstantinovich Lh&kov died on B&ne 1> 1C


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Mikhail llarionovichGolenishchev!Kutu"ov

=ikhail llarionovich !olenishchev-

8&t&ov (113) was a /ield =arshal ofthe '&ssian Km.ire# e served as one of the:nest military oGcers and di.lomats of'&ssia &nder the reign of three 'omanov

7sars atherine 4a&l and Alexander # ismilitary career was closely associated withthe rising .eriod of '&ssia from the end ofthe 1>th cent&ry to the eginning of the1Cth cent&ry# 8&t&ov contri&ted m&ch to

the military history of '&ssia and isconsidered to have een one of the est'&ssian generals &nder the reign ofatherine # e took .art in the s&..ressionof the $ar onfederations &.rising in threeof the '&sso-7&rkish ars and in the

Na.oleonic ar incl&ding two ma?or attles at A&sterlit and the attle of$orodino#

=ikhail 8&t&ov was orn in "t 4eters&rg on 16 "e.temer 10;# 7ho&ghAlexanderMs orders made it clear that the '&ssians sho&ld move o of thestrategic 4raten 4latea& 8&t&ov stalled for as long as .ossile as herecognied the advantage that Na.oleon wo&ld gain from this high


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gro&nd# /inally Alexander forced 8&t&ov to aandon the 4lateaNa.oleon I&ickly seied the ridge and roke the Allied lines with hisartillery which now commanded the attle:eld from the 4raten 4latea

7he attle was lost and over 2;000 '&ssians were killed# 8&t&ov was.&t in charge of organiing the armyMs retreat across &ngary and ack

into '&ssia as Alexander was overcome y grief#owever 8&t&ov is credited most with his rilliant leadershi. d&ring

the /rench invasion of '&ssia# Dnder 8&t&ovs command the '&ssianarmy sto..ed the !rande ArmOe at the $attle of $orodino and thenco&nter-attacked .&shing the /rench o&t of the '&ssian homeland# nrecognition of this 8&t&ov was awarded the title of 4rince of "molensk# Amemorial was &ilt at =oscow in 1C12 war and8&t&ovs leadershi.# An order of the "oviet Dnion and the '&ssian/ederation is also named after him#


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Aleksandr #asilyevichSuvorov

Aleksandr @asilyevich "&vorov (100)was '&ssian military commander notale for hisachievements in the '&sso-7&rkish ar of 1


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against the /rench in northern taly# A series of ra.id victories (A.rilPA&g&st 1

Great Military Leaders (a Report)

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