Great American Culture Great American Culture QuizQuiz

Three Fifths Three Fifths CompromiseCompromise

The Big Issues:

Tariffs and Slaves

Northern & Southern Northern & Southern EconomiesEconomies

Southern States:- Agricultural

- Depended on Slave labor

Northern States:-Manufacturing

- Farming- Banking

- Merchants-Fishing

THE SOUTHERN THE SOUTHERN ECONOMYECONOMY

The South was made up of large Plantations where they produced

cotton, tobacco & indigo

SLAVERY IN THE SOUTHSLAVERY IN THE SOUTH

Slaves viewed as property

SOUTHERN TRADESOUTHERN TRADE

Southern States sold most o

f their produce to Britain

& bought most manufactured goods from Britain

NORHTERN ECONOMYNORHTERN ECONOMY

Much more diverse than the South

• Merchants• Bankers• Farmers• Fishers• Manufacturing• No slaves• Competed with Britain

Paul Revere, Silversmith Samuel Adams, Brewer

John Hancock,Shipper

NORTH & SOUTH NORTH & SOUTH DISAGREED ON TARIFFS DISAGREED ON TARIFFS

AND SLAVESAND SLAVESWhat is a Tariff?

Tax on goods and products imported from other nations

In other words… an Import Tax

Based on what we know Based on what we know about the northern & about the northern &

southern economies southern economies ……

Which would be for tariffs?

and Which would be against

tariffs?

The Northern The Northern PositionPositionThe North was for Tariffs!

Why?

The north produced and sold goods. They wanted Americans to buy northern goods instead of buying English, French, Dutch or Spanish

products.

Tax the Belgians so Heineken is more expensive & people will buy Sam Adams!

The Southern The Southern PositionPosition

The South was against Tariffs!Why?

The South bought most of their goods from Britain and didn’t want to see the price rise. Also they feared that Britain would start taxing southern agricultural products coming into Britain

Don’t want Britain taxing my cotton!

THE SLAVERY THE SLAVERY ISSUEISSUE

Read page 124 – “Why was there a conflict about slavery?

1. Which side opposed allowing slavery?2. Which side though states should be allowed

to decide if they would have slaves?3. What was the dilemma the anti-slavery

Framers faced?

Southern vs. Northern Southern vs. Northern PerspectivePerspective

The Southern Framers wanted slaves counted as part of their population.WHY?

The Anti-Slave Framers didn’t want slaves counted as part of population.WHY?

So to recap…The North wanted Congress to have power to impose tariffs and control trade

The South wanted the Constitution to allow them to continue to practice slavery and to have slaves counted as part of their population

COMPROMISECOMPROMISE- Congress given power to impose Tariffs and regulate trade between states.- Slavery could not be abolished until 1808- Slaves counted as three-fifths of population- Fugitive slaves caught in north to be returned to the south

The Three-Fifths ClauseThe Three-Fifths Clause

Article 1, Section 2, Clause 3

Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States . . .

according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to

the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a

Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other persons.

This compromise was the This compromise was the only way slave states (North only way slave states (North Carolina, South Carolina, & Carolina, South Carolina, & Georgia) would support and Georgia) would support and

ratify the Constitution. ratify the Constitution.

ThinkThink

• Allowing the slave states to count slaves as their full population would have made it less likely slavery would ever be abolished.

• 4 Million slaves in 1860 . . . With full representation, the South would control the House of Representatives and Abraham Lincoln would probably not have been elected President

• Three fifths clause provided an incentive to free slaves in the South (full representation)

THE END