GRE Words_for beginners

8/13/2019 GRE Words_for beginners

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abate

to lessen to subsideto become less strong; to make something less strong

The storm showed no signs of abating.They waited for the crowd's fury to

abate. abate somethingSteps are to be taken to abate pollution.

abdication

giving up control authority

to give up the position of being king or queen. He abdicated in favour of hisson. abdicate somethingShe was forced to abdicate the throne of Spain.

abdicate responsibility/your responsibilitiesto fail or refuse to perform a

duty.abdication

aberration

straying away from what is normala fact, an action or a way of behaving that is not usual, and that may beunacceptablea temporary aberration of his exhausted mind.A childless woman wasregarded as an aberration, almost a social outcast.

abet

help/encourage smb (in doing wrong)

abetting, abetted

abet somebodyto help or encourage somebody to do something wrong. He

was abetted in the deception by his wife.

abeyance

suspended action

in abeyancenot being used, or being stopped for a period of time. egal proceedings arein abeyance, while further en!uiries are made.

abhor

to hate to detest

abhorring, abhorred

(not used in the progressive tenses) abhor something(FORMAL) to hatesomething, for example a way of behaving or thinking, especially for moralreasons

"She abhors cats""The problem with Establishment Republicans is they abhor the unseemlinessof a political brawl"

Synonym

DETEST, LOATHE

abide be faithful to endure

abided, abided

Helpn sense ! abodeis also used for the past tense and past participle.

1"TRANSITIVE# can't/couldn't abide somebody/somethingto dislikesomebody/something so much that you hate having to be with or deal withthem

Synonym: BEA, STA!D" can't abide people with no sense of humour. Hecouldn't abide the thought of being cooped up in an office.""INTRANSITIVE# +

adverb/preposition(OLDUSEor FORMAL) to stay or live in a place. #ay $oy andpeace abide in us all.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/detesthttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/detesthttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/loathehttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/loathehttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/loathehttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/detest


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With her gracefu !e"#ie$ a%# e&"cati&e 'ric$( &ie%%a ha$

gar%ere# critica acclaima%# a ra)i#' gr"*i%g egi"% "f fa%$

thr"ugh"ut the *"r#+

Acclaimat fe$ti&a$ a%# "ther e&e%t$ thr"ugh"ut the c"u%tr'+

The critica acclaimf"r f"r$ter ha$ #i))e# #uri%g the a$t #eca#e+

Acclaim$u%#a%ce $ %e* $erie$ #e)e%#e%t u)"% the+ Hi$ ,--. fi! t"uchi%g the &"i# ear%e# *"r#*i#e acclaimf"r it$

gri))i%g true acc"u%t "f t*" ci!/er$ 0 )eri"u$ 1"ur%e' i% the

)eru&ia% a%#e$+

It a$" $ig%ae# the )"i%t at *hich the /a%# *a$ at it$ /e$t a%#

fee#i%g "ff the !a$$i&e au#ie%ce acclaim+

Acclaimfr"! critic$ acr"$$ the g"/e+

M"/' *"% g"/a acclaima$t 'ear f"r hi$ a/u! )a'+

I% the t"/acc" fact"r'( /ri$t" ha$ a% i%ti!ate( e%gagi%g

)erf"r!a%ce $)ace( *hich #e$er&e$ the %ati"%a acclaimit ha$

recei&e#+

The fi! a$" ")e%e# t" ra)tur"u$ acclaimi% a!erica( earier thi$'ear+

2"ur )er$"%a c"!!it!e%t t" the !eeti%g the chae%ge$ i% africa

ha&e ear%e# *i#e$)rea# acclaim+

accolade

praise approvalpraise or an award for an achievement that people admirespecial acknowledgment; an award

A% acc"a#e i$ $"!ethi%g gi&e% t" a )er$"% i% "r#er t" )rai$e "r

rec"g%i3e the )er$"% "r hi$ acc"!)i$h!e%t+

The %e* '"r4 a*ar#$ are the !e#ia i%#u$tr'0$ highe$t accolade+

Accoladei% the i%#u$tr'+ Accolade$ fr"! critic$ a%# au#ie%ce$ ai4e+

Accolade$ f"r /u$i%e$$ $ucce$$

accretion the growing of separate things into one1a layer of a substance that is slowly added to something"the process of new layers being slowly added to something . the accretionof sand by wind action.

Accreti"% refer$ t" a% e5te%$i"% "r a##iti"% "f e%gth "r "&era $i3e+6%"u%7

A% e5a!)e "f a% accreti"% i$ *he% a high*a' i$ e%gthe%e#+

Accreti"% i$ the )art "f $"!ethi%g that ha$ /ee% a##e#+ 6%"u%7

A% e5a!)e "f a% accreti"% i$ the garage $"!e"%e !a' /ui# "% hi$

h"!e+

Accreti"% i$ the $tate "f ha&i%g g"%e thr"ugh e5te%$i"% "r a##iti"% "f


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e%gth "r "&era $i3e+ 6%"u%7

A% e5a!)e "f accreti"% i$ a e5tra )art "f a fair' tae a##e# "&er !a%'

'ear$ "f re8tei%g+

It ha$ /ee% $ugge$te# that *here there i$ "* $e#i!e%t $u))'!a%gr"&e accretion!a' %"t /e a/e t" 4ee) )ace *ith )r"1ecte#

$ea8e&e ri$e$+

C""%i3ati"% i%#uce# ra)i# accretionrai$i%g the !ar$h $urface

/' u) t" 9+;! a%# c"&eri%g a !a5i!u! area "f +

accrue

%ccumulate

1"INTRANSITIVE# to increase over a period of time"nterest will accrue if you

keep your money in a savings account.accrue (to somebody) (from

something)economic benefits accruing to the country from tourism"

"TRANSITIVE# accrue somethingto allow a sum of money or debts to grow overa period of time

Synonym

A&&%(%LATEThe firm had accrued debts of over (m.

Accrualthe accrual of interest

I a!( h"*e&er( $ti )a'i%g "ff #e/t$ accrue# #uri%g the !arriage+

adamant

kind of stone inflexibledetermined not to change your mind or to be persuaded about something

)va was adamant that she would not come.

Adamantly

His family were adamantly opposed to the marriage T"%' /air re!ai%$ adamantthat *e *i %"t cha%ge the *a' *e

i&e+

The #"ct"r$ ha# /ee% a/$"ute' adamantthat $he *a$%0t g"i%g

t" get /etter+

?i ha# a$" $ee!e# )rett' adamanthe *a$%0t i% "&e *ith her+

admonitory containing warning

admonitiona warning to somebody about their behaviour

To &illiam he had written a letter full of the gravest admonitions, urging him

to think carefully about what he was committing himself to.

Behi%# the $ter% admonition$ $t""# a $a# tragic figure+

We $h"u# hee# thi$ admonitiona$ /eari%g #irect' "% "ur "*%

re$)"%$i/iit'+

But if he /e %egige%t( a%# caree$$ i% teachi%g the!( et hi! /e

#e)"$e# fr"! hi$ "ffice( after the thir# admonition+
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AdmonitoryThe sergeant lifted an admonitory finger at us.

Admonitoryetter t" the arch/i$h") "f ca%ter/ur'+

adorn

add beauty decorateto make something/somebody look more attractive by decorating it or them

with somethingadorn something/somebody*old rings adorned his fingers.(IRONIC) *raffiti

adorned the walls.adorn something/somebody/yourself with something

The walls were adorned with paintings. The children adorned themselves with

flowers.Adornment)A plain necklace was her only adornment.

adulteration

making unpure poorer in quality

adulterate something (with something)to make food or drink less pure by

adding another substance to it

Synonym

&O!TA(!ATEThe water supply had been adulterated with chemicals from the

soil.$ee a$"%!AD%LTEATED adulteration

affable

polite and friendlypleasant, friendly and easy to talk to

Synonym*E!AL

A++ability, a++ably

affinity

close connection relationship

1"SINGULAR# affinity (for/with somebody/something)& affinity (between A

and B)a strong feeling that you understand somebody/something and likethem or it

Synonym:A##OT Sam was born in the country and had a deep affinity with

nature. Humans have a special affinity for dolphins." affinity (with somebody/something)& affinity (between A and B)a closerelationship between two people or things that have similar qualities,structures or features. There is a close affinity between "talian and Spanish.

aggravate

make worse irritate

1aggra&ate $"!ethi%g t" !a4e a% i%e$$ "r a /a# "r u%)ea$a%t$ituati"% *"r$e

Synonym: *"r$e% @"uti"% ca% aggra&ate a$th!a+Miitar' i%ter&e%ti"%

*i "%' aggra&ate the c"%fict e&e% further+

!aggra&ate $"!e/"#' 6i%f"r!a7 t" a%%"' $"!e/"#'( e$)ecia'

#ei/erate'

Synonym: irritateAggravating"aggravating circumstances/factorsHer constantinterruptions were very aggravating.Aggra$ation)" don't need all this aggravation at work.The drug may cause an aggravationof the condition.

agile active quick'moving

1able to move quickly and easily
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Synonym: !(BLE a strong and agile athlete

"able to think quickly and in an intelligent way an agile mind/brainAgility) He had the agility of a man half his age.

agog

eager/excitedexcited and very interested to find out something

&e were all agog with curiosity.A% e5a!)e "f the *"r# ag"g *"u# /e t" #e$cri/e the a%tici)ati"% "f a

%e* father *hie the !"ther i$ i% a/"r+

Agogt" hear a/"ut the *e##i%g+

?u$t a !"+++ the ta figure $u##e%' !ateriai3e# at") the )ia%"

a$ )e")e $at agogi% their $eat$+

ail

trouble be ill

1ail something(FORMAL) to cause problems for somebody/something.They discussed the problems ailing the steel industry.

"ail somebody(OLDUSE) to make somebody ill/sick. &hat is ailing you+

alacrity

eager and cheerful readinessgreat -illingness or enthusiasmThey accepted the offer with alacrity.

S"!e"%e uic4' a%# cheerfu' acce)ti%g a% i%&itati"% t" a *e##i%g i$

a% e5a!)e "f a )er$"% acti%g *ith aacrit'+

A $ti /igger $ur)ri$e i$ that a reati&e' $!a ,+ iter #ie$e

e%gi%e ca% )u$h $uch a arge car a"%g *ith $uch alacrity+

A%# the% a %u!/er "f /ri$4 '"u%g !e% /ega% *ith re!ar4a/e

alacrityt" ti#' u) the g""#$ that re!ai%e# #i$tur/e#+

alcove

recess/partially enclosed placean area in a room that is formed by part of a wall being built farther backthan the rest of the wallThe bookcase fits neatly into the alcove.

A% ac"&e i$ a $!a rece$$e# $ecti"% i% a r""! $uch a$ a %""4

A% e5a!)e "f a% ac"&e *"u# /e a $!a area i% a re$taura%t( "%'

)artia' e%c"$e#( i%te%#e# f"r )ri&ate #i%i%g f"r a c"u)e "r $!a

gr"u)+

A curtai%e# alcove*hich c"%cea$ a t*i% /e#r""! i$ $ituate#here+

F"r $tarter$ there0$ the c"3' alcovei% the !ai% /ar that $eat$ a

!a5i!u! "f te%+

ale fermented alcoholic beverage similar to but heavier than beer

aleck one who considers himself smarter than others
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a person who behaves as if they know everything and likes to show people

this in an annoying way

allegiance

duty support loyaltya persons continued support for a political party, religion, ruler, etctoswitch/transfer/change allegiancean oath/a vow/a statement of

allegiance . eople of various party allegiances $oined thecampaign.allegiance (to somebody/something)topledge/swearallegiance. He affirmed his allegiance to the president.

Aegia%ce !ea%$ gi&i%g a )r"!i$e t" /e "'a "r the acti"% "f actua'

/ei%g "'a a%# "% $"!e"%e0$ $i#e+ 6%"u%7

9+ S*eari%g that '"u *i f""* the a*$ "f a c"u%tr' i$ a% e5a!)e

"f gi&i%g aegia%ce+

,+ A*a'$ #efe%#i%g '"ur frie%# a%# ""4i%g "ut f"r hi$ /e$t

i%tere$t$ i$ a% e5a!)e "f aegia%ce t" '"ur frie%#+

alleviate

make (pain) easier to bear

alleviate somethingto make something less severe

Synonym: EASEto alleviate suffering . A number of measures were taken toalleviate the problem.

Alle$iation) the alleviation of poverty

Ae&iate i$ t" !a4e $"!ethi%g ea$ier t" #ea *ith "r e%#ure+ 6&er/7

A% e5a!)e "f ae&iate i$ t" ta4e )ai% 4ier$ t" ea$e the te%$i"% "f a

hea#ache+

Higher ec"%"!ic gr"*th *ithi% the eu c"u# he) t" )artia'

alleviatethe )e%$i"%$ )r"/e!+

The$e t*" )r"/e!$ ca% /e $u/$ta%tia' alleviate# /' a%

i%tegrate# a%a'$i$ !eth"#+

alloyto debase by mixing with something inferiora metal that is formed by mixing two types of metal together, or by mixingmetal with another substance-rass is an alloy of copper and inc.alloy steel

aloof

reserved indifferentnot friendly or interested in other people

Synonym: DSTA!T, E(OTEHe was a cold man, aloof and distant.

She stayed aloof while the argument went on around her.

Aloo+ness) Her cool aloofness was seen as arrogance by some people.

amalgamate

mix combine unite societies

amalgamate (something) (with/into something)"

1if two organiations amalgamateor are amalgamated, they $ointogether to form one large organiation

Synonym: (E*EA number of colleges have amalgamated to form the newuniversity.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/distanthttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/distanthttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/mergehttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/mergehttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/distanthttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/merge


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amalgamate with/into something*The company has now amalgamated withanother local firm.

amalgamate something"They decided to amalgamate the two schools.

amalgamate something with/into somethingThe two companies wereamalgamated into one.

"amalgamate something (into/with something)to put two or more thingstogether so that they form one+

Synonym: (E*E This information will be amalgamated with informationobtained earlier.

amalgamation* the amalgamation of small farms into larger units.

ambidextrous able to use the left hand or the right equally well

ambiguous

doubtful uncertain

1that can be understood in more than one way; having different meanings

an ambiguous word/term/statement Her account was deliberately

ambiguous.

"not clearly stated or defined. His role has always been ambiguous.#pposite:%!A(B*%O%S

ambiguously: an ambiguously worded agreement

It #"e$ $ee! rather ambiguoust" $a' it i$ /ei%g $)e%t "% 0 )atie%t

care 0 +

Fir$t'( there are a %u!/er "f $)ecific i$$ue$ eft $"!e*hat

ambiguousi% the #"cu!e%t+

ambivalent

having both of two contrary meanings

ambivalent (about/towards somebody/something)having or showing both

good and bad feelings about somebody/something. She seems to feel

ambivalent about her new $ob. He has an ambivalent attitude towards her.

Ambi$alence) ambivalence (about/towards somebody/something)There

was ambivalence among church members about women becoming priests.

#any people feel some ambivalence towards television and its effect on our

lives.

ambi$alently

ambrosial

extremely pleasing to taste

A!/r"$ia refer$ t" a%' f""# "r ar"!a that i$ re!ar4a/' )ea$a%t t"

ta$te "r $!e "f "r fit f"r the g"#$ #i&i%e

Ambrosial#e*+

Ambrosialf""# that fructifie$ the $"u( the !i%#( the heart+

ameliorate improve make better

ameliorate something(FORMAL) to make something better. Steps have been

taken to ameliorate the situation. Amelioration
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/mergehttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/mergehttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/unambiguoushttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/unambiguoushttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/mergehttp://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/unambiguous


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approbation approval

apropos appropriate to the situation apt

apt well'suited quick'witted

arabesque a complex ornate design

arboreal of connected with trees

ardor enthusiasm

arduous steep difficult ascent laborious

argot $argon slang

arrant in the highest degree

arrogance proud superior manner of behaviour

articulate speak distinctly connect by $oints

ascend go or come up

ascertain get to know

ascetic practicing self'denial austere stark

ascribe consider to be the origin of or belonging to

aseptic surgically clean

asperity roughness harshness ill temper irritability

aspersion slander

assail with attack violently

assiduous diligent hard'working sedulous

assuage make something (pain desire) less

asterisk the mark + (e.g.. omitted letters)

astringent substance that shrinks

astute clever quick at seeing to get an advantage

atonement repayment death of esus

attenuate make thin. weaken enervate

attune bring into harmony

audacious daring foolishly bold impudent

augury omen sign

august ma$estic venerable

auspicious favorable successful prosperous

austere severely moral and strict simple and plain

auxiliary helping supporting


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aver affirm assert prove $ustify

aversion strong dislike

avid eager greedy

avow admit. -eclare openly

baleful harmful ominous causing evil

balk obstacle purposely to get on the way of

baneful causing harm or ruin pernicious destructive

barrage artificial obstacle built across a river

barren not good enough unable to have young ones without value

bask in en$oy warmth and light

beatify to bless make happy or ascribe a virtue to

bedien to adorn especially in a cheap showy manner

belabor beat hard

bellicose belligerent pugnacious warlike

belligerent (person nation) waging war

benefactor person who has given help

benevolence wish or activity in doing good

benign kind and gentle mild (climate)

bequest arrangement to give something at death

berate scold sharply

bereft rob or dispossess of something (material)

bewilder pule confuse

bigot stubborn narrow'minded person

bilge bulge the protuberance of a cask

blandishment flattery coaxing

blandness polite manner comforting uninteresting

blatant noisy and rough

blithe cheerful casual carefree

bogus sham counterfeit not genuine

boisterous loud noisy rough lacking restraint

bolster give greatly needed support

boorish crude offensive rude

brash hasty rush cheeky saucy


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brass yellow metal (mixing copper and inc)

braen made of brass

breach opening broken place breaking

brittle easily broken

broach bring up announce begin to talk about

brook to tolerate endure

buoyant able to float light'hearted

burgeon grow forth send out buds

burnish to polish rub to a shine

cabal a scheme or plot a group of plotters

cadge to beg to get by begging

ca$ole use flattery or deceit to persuade

calipers metal supports attached to the legs measuring instrument

calumny slander aspersion

candid frank straight'forward

cant insincere talk/$argon

cantankerous bad'tempered/quarrelsome

canvass discuss thoroughly sort of touting

castigate to chastise correct by punishing

castigation severe punishment

catalyst substance that causes speeding up

caustic biting sarcastic

cavalcade a possession

censure expression of blame or disapproval a rebuke

centurion leader of a unit of soldiers

chary cautious wary

chastened corrected punished

chastisement punishment

chauvinist a blindly devoted patriot

chicanery legal trickery/false argument

chisel steel tool for shaping materials

churl bad'tempered person

clamor shout complain with a lot of noise


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clientele customers

clinch come to grips/settle conclusively

cling to resist separation

clot half'solid lump formed from liquid

cloture closing device (in 0arliament) to end a debate by voting

coagulation change to a thick and solid state

coalescing coming together and uniting into one substance

coax get smb to do something by kindness

coda passage that completes a piece of music

coddle treat with care and tenderness

coerce compel to force to make obedient

coeval of the same period coexisting

cogent strong convincing

cogitate think deeply mediate

cogniant being fully aware of

cohort a group or band of people

colander bowl'shaped vessel with many holes used to drain off water

collusion secret agreement for a deceitful purpose

combustion process of burning

commemorate keep the memory of

commodious having plenty of space for what is needed

commuter person who travels regularly

complaisance tending to comply obliging willingness to please

compunction feeling of regret for ones action

conceal hide keep secret

conceit over'high opinion of too much pride

conciliatory reconciling soothing comforting mollifying

concord agreement or harmony

concur agree in opinion happen together

condense increase in density strength make laconic

1onduce 2o bring about

condone forgive

congeal make or become stiff and solid


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con$oin to $oin together

connoisseur a person with good $udgement (e.g.. in art)

connotation suggestion in addition to

consequential pompous self important

console give comfort or sympathy to

conspicuous easily seen remarkable

consternation surprise and fear dismay

constrain compel

constrict make tight or smaller

consume get to the end of

consummate perfect/make perfect/complete

contemn to scorn or despise

contentious argumentative pugnacious combative quarrelsome

contiguous touching neighboring near

contrite filled with deep sorrow for wrongdoing

contumacious insubordinate rebellious

conundrum a riddle dilemma enigma

conviction convincing firm belief

convoke call together summon

convoluted complicated coiled twisted

cordial warm and sincere

cordon line (of police acting as a guard)

cornucopia abundant supply

corporeal physical of or for the body

correlate have a mutual relation

corroboration additional strengthening evidence

countenance to favor or approve of

counterfeit forgery

countervail counterbalance

covert disguised

covetous eagerly desirous

cower crouch shrink back

coy shy/modest (esp of a girl)


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deprecate protest against express disapproval of

dereliction deserting and leaving to fall into ruins

derision ridicule mockery deriding

derivative unoriginal obtained from another source

derogatory insulting tending to damage

descry catch sight of see something in the distance

desiccant substance used to absorb moisture

desuetude cessation of use disuse

desultory aimless haphaard digressing at random

deter discourage hinder

detraction slandering verbal attack aspersion

detumescence diminishing or lessening of swelling

deviance being different in moral standards (from normal)

dexterity skill (esp. in handling)

diaphanous transparent gauy

diatribe bitter and violent attack in words

didactic intended to instruct

diffidence shyness

dilate speak comprehensively become wider large

disallow refuse to allow or accept as a correct

discern see with an effort but clearly

discomfit confuse embarrass

disconcert upset the self'possession of

discountenance refuse to approve of

discourse speech lecture

discredit refuse to believe

discreet careful/prudent

discrete individually distinct

disdain look on with contempt

disencumber free from encumbrance

disheveled untidy

disingenuous sophisticated artful trying to deceive cunning

disinter dig up from the earth


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dislodge move force from the place occupied

dismal sad gloomy miserable

disparate essentially different

disproof proof to the contrary

dissemble speak or behave so as to hide something (in mind)

disseminate distribute (esp. ideas)

dissent have a different opinion refuse to assent

dissolution disintegration looseness in morals

distraught distracted violently upset in mind

divergence getting farther apart from a point

divestiture taking off getting rid of giving up

divulge make known something secret

doggerel trivial poorly constructed verse

dogmatic positive certain arbitrary without room for discussion

dolt stupid fellow

dormant in a state of inactivity but awaiting development

dote show much fondness center ones attention

drawl slow way of speaking

droll $esting

drone male bee person who isnt self'employed

drowsiness feeling sleepy half asleep

dubious feeling doubt

dud no use person something that fails

dulcet melodious harmonious

dupe cheat make a fool of

duplicity deliberate deception

duress threats to compel smb

dwarf person or smb much below the usual sie

dynamo a generator something that produces electric current

earthenware dishes made of baked clay

ebullience exuberance outburst of feeling

ebullient overflowing with enthusiasm showing excitement

ecumenical representing the whole 1hristian world


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19/61

ensign flag/badge

entangle put into difficulties

enthral please greatly/enslave (fig)

entice tempt or persuade

entreat ask earnestly

enunciate pronounce (words)/express a theory

enyme catalyst

epicurean devoted to pleasure (sensuous en$oyment)

epistle letter

epithet ad$ective

epitome brief summary representative example a typical model

equable steady regular

equanimity calmness of temperament

equilibrium state of being balanced

equipoise equal distribution of weight equilibrium

equivocal having a double or doubtful meaning suspicious

equivocate try to deceive by equivocal language

eradicate get rid of pull up by the roots

erratic irregular in behaviour or opinion

erudite learned scholarly

eschew avoid

esoteric abstruse intended only for a small circle of

espouse marry give ones support to

eulogy formal praise panegyric

euphoria elation state of pleasant excitement

euthanasia easy and painless death

evasive tending to evade

evince to show clearly to indicate

evoke call up bring out

excoriation severe criticism

exculpate to clear from a charge of guilt

exhaustive complete thorough

exigency emergency an urgent situation


20/61

exoneration set smb clear free (e.g.. from blame)

exorbitant much too high or great

expatiate to roam wander freely

expedient likely to be useful for a purpose

expiation ending expiring

exploit brilliant achievement develop use selfishly

expostulate argue earnestly to dissuade correct or protest

expurgate to remove obscenity purify censor

exscind to cut out cut away

extant still in existence

extempore without previous thought or preparation

extenuate reduce the strength of lessen seriousness partially excuse

extinct no longer active

extinguish end the existence of/wipe or put out

extirpate to destroy exterminate cut out exscind

extol praise highly

extort obtain by threats violence

extralegal outside the law

extricable that can be freed

extrovert cheerful person

exuberance state of growing vigorously being full of life

facetious humorous funny $ocular

facile easily done

fagged too tired, exhausted

fallacious based on error

falter waver/move in an uncertain manner

fatuous without sense foolish self'satisfaction

fawn young deer try to win smbs favor

feckless lacking purpose or vitality ineffective careless

fecund fertile

feint pretend

felicitous apt suitably expressed well chosen apropos

felon person guilty of murder


21/61

ferment substance become excited

ferocity savage cruelty

ferret discover by searching search

fervid showing earnest feeling

fervor warmth of feelings earnestness

fetid stinking

fetter to shackle put in chains

feud bitter quarrel over a long period of time

fidelity loyalty accuracy

fidget move restlessly make nervous

figurehead carved image on the prow of a ship

finesse delicate way of dealing with a situation

finical too fussy about food clothing etc.

finicky finical

fission splitting or division (esp. of cells)

fixate stare at

flak criticism/anti'aircraft guns

flamboyant brightly colored florid

flaunting show off complacently

flax pale yellow (hair) a plant

fledged able to fly trained experienced

fleet number of ships quick'moving

flinch draw move back wince

floe a sheet of floating ice

flop fail/move/fall clumsily

florid very much ornamented naturally red (e.g.. of face)

flout re$ect mock to go against (as in going against tradition)

fluke lucky stroke

fluster make nervous or confused

foible defect of character (a person is wrongly proud)

foil prevent from carrying out contrast

foment put something warm (to lessen the pain)

foolproof incapable of failure or error


22/61

foppish like a man who pays too much attention to his clothes

forage food for horses and cattle

forbear refrain from be patient ancestor

forbearance patience willingness to wait

ford shallow place in a river (to cross)

forestall prevent by taking action in advance preempt

forfeit suffer the loss of something

forge workshop for the shaping of metal to shape metal lead

forgery counterfeit

forswear renounce disallow repudiate

foster nurture care for

fracas noisy quarrel

fragile easily in$ured broken or destroyed

fragrant sweet'smelling

frantic wildly excited with $oy pain anxiety

frenetic frantic frenied

fret worry irritation wear away

fringe edge ornamental border part of hair over the forehead

froward intractable not willing to yield or comply stubborn

frugal careful economical

fulmination bitter protest

fulsome disgusting offensive due to excessiveness

gainsay to deny to oppose

garble make unfair selection from facts

garner to gather and save to store up

garrulity talkativeness

garrulous too talkative

gaucherie socially awkward tactless behavior

germane relevant pertinent to

gist the point general sense

glean gather facts in small quantities

glib ready and smooth but not sincere

glimmer weak/unsteady light


23/61

gloat over look at with selfish delight

glut supply to much fill to excess

gnaw waste away bite steadily

goad something urging a person to action

gorge eat greedily/narrow opening with a stream

gossamer soft light delicate material

gouge tool for cutting grooves in wood

gourmand a person who is devoted to eating and drinking to excess

grandiloquent using pompous words

grave serious requiring consideration

grae touch or scrape lightly in passing

gregarious living in societies liking the company

grievous causing grief or pain serious dire grave

grovel crawl humble oneself

guile deceit cunning

gullible easily gulled

gush burst out suddenly/talk ardently

gust outburst of feeling sudden rain wind fire etc.

hack cut roughly hired horse

halcyon calm and peaceful

hallow to make holy consecrate

harangue a long passionate speech

harbinger something or smb that foretells the coming of

harrow to distress create stress or torment

haughty arrogant conceited

heed attention/give notice to

heinous odious (of crime)

heresy belief contrary to what is generally accepted

hermetic sealed by fusion

heterogeneous made up of different kinds

hew make by hard work cut (by striking)

highbrow (person) with superior tastes

hirsute hairy shaggy


24/61

hoax mischievous trick played on smb for a $oke

hoi polloi the masses the rabble

hollow not soled with hole

holster leather case for a pistol

homiletics act of preaching

hone stone used for sharpening tools

hoodwink trick mislead

hospitable liking to give hospitality

hubris arrogant pride

hush make or become silent

husk worthless outside part of anything

hypocrisy falsely making oneself appear to be good

iconoclast person who attacks popular beliefs

idiosyncrasy personal mannerism

idolatry excessive admiration of

idyll a carefree episode or experience

ignoble dishonorable common undignified

ignominious shameful dishonorable undignified disgraceful

illicit unlawful forbidden

imbroglio complicated and embarrassing situation

immaculate pure faultless

imminent likely to come or happen soon

immutable that cannot be changed

impair worsen diminish in value

impassive unmoved feeling no sign of passion

impecunious having little or no money

impede hinder get in the way of

impediment something that hinders (e.g. stammer)

impending imminent being about to happen expected

imperative urgent essential

imperious commanding haughty arrogant

impermeable that cannot be permeated

imperturbable calm not capable of being excited


25/61

impervious not allowing to pass through (of materials)

imperviousness haughty arrogant commanding

impetuous having sudden energy impulsive thrusting ahead forceful

impiety lack of reverence or dutifulness

implacable incapable of being placated unpleasable

implicate show that smb has a share

implicit implied though not plainly expressed

implosion collapse bursting inward

importune beg urgently solicit (of a prostitute)

imprecation an invocation of evil a curse

impromptu without preparation

impudent rash indiscreet

impugned challenged to be doubted

impute to attribute to a cause or source ascribe

inadvertent not paying proper attention

inane silly senseless

inasmuch since because

incense make angry

incessant often repeated continual

inchoate not yet fully formed rudimentary elementary

incipient beginning

incise engrave make a cut in

incite stir up rouse

inclined directing the mind in a certain direction

incongruous out of place not in harmony or agreement

incorrigibility cannot be cured or corrected

incredulous skeptical unwilling to believe

inculcate fix firmly by repetition

incumbents official duties

incursion a raid a sudden attack

indefatigability not easily exhaustible tirelessness

indelible that cannot be rubbed out

indigence poverty


26/61

indigenous native

indistinct not easily heard seen clearly marked

indolence lainess

indomitable not easily discouraged or subdued

indulge gratify give way to satisfy allow oneself

indulgent inclined to indulge

ineffable to great to be described in words

ineluctable certain inevitable

inept unskillful said or done at the wrong time

ineptitude quality of being unskillful

inferno hell

infuriate fill with fury or rage

infuse put pour fill

ingenuous naive young artless frank honest sincere

ingest take in by swallowing

inimical harmful or friendly

inimitable defying imitation unmatchable

innocuous causing no harm

inscrutable incapable of being discovered or understood

insensible unconscious unresponsive unaffected

insinuate suggest unpleasantly make a way for something gently

insipid without taste or flavor

insouciant unconcerned carefree

insularity narrow'mindedness isolated

insurrection rising of people to open resistance to

interdict prohibit forbid

interim as an installment

intersperse place here and there

intransigence unwillingness to compromise stubbornness intractability

intransigent uncompromising

intrepid fearless brave undaunted

introspection examining ones own thoughts and feelings

inundate flood cover by overflowing


27/61

inured accustomed to adapted

invective abusive language curses

inveigh to attack verbally denounce deprecate

inveterate deep'rooted. long'established

invincible too strong to be defeated

involute complex

irascible irritable easily angered

irate angry

ire anger

irksome tiresome

irresolute hesitating undecided

irrevocable final and unalterable

itinerate to travel from place to place to peregrinate

$abber talk excitedly utter rapidly

$agged notched, rough

$ibe gibe make fun of

$ocular meant as a $oke

$udicious sound in $udgment wise

knit draw together unite firmly

labyrinthine to entangle the state of affairs

lachrymose causing tears tearful

lackluster (of eyes) dull

lament show feel great sorrow

lampoon publicly mock or ridicule

lassitude weariness tiredness

latent present but not yet active developed or visible

laudatory expressing or giving praise

lavish giving or producing freely liberally or generously

legacy something handed down from ancestors

levee formal reception/embankment

levity lack of seriousness

libel statement that damages reputation

liberality free giving generosity


28/61

libertine immoral person

lien legal claim until a debt on it is repaid

limn paint portray

limp lacking strength walking unevenly

lionie treat as a famous person

lithe bending twisting

loll rest to sit or stand in a lay way hang (dogs tongue)

lope move along with long strides

loquacious talkative garrulous

lucubrate write in scholarly fashion

luculent easily understood lucid clear

lugubrious mournful excessively sad

lull become quiet or less active

lumber move in a clumsy/noisy way

luminary star light'giving body

lurk be out of view ready to attack

lustrous being bright polished

macabre gruesome suggesting death

macerate make or become soft by soaking in water

machination plot scheme (esp. evil)

maladroit tactless clumsy

malapropism misuse of a word (for one that resembles it)

malevolence wishing to do evil

malign in$urious speak ill of smb tell lie

malinger to fake illness or in$ury in order to shirk a duty

malleable yielding easily shaped moldable adapting

manacle chains for the hands or feet

massacre cruel killing of a large number of people

matriculation be admitted enter a university as a student

maudlin sentimental in a silly or tearful way

maul hurt by rough handling

maverick rebel nonconformist

mellifluous sweetly flowing


29/61

mendacity dishonesty

mendicant a beggar

mercurial quick changeable in character fleeting

meretricious attractive on the surface but of little value

mesmerie hypnotie

meticulous giving great attention to details

mettle quality of endurance or courage

mettlesome courageous high'spirited

middling fairly good but not very good

minatory menacing threatening

mince pronounce or speak affectedly euphemie

misanthrope person who hates mankind

mischievous harmful causing mischief

miser person who loves wealth and spends little

misogynist one who hates women/females

mite %very small amount, portion, or particle

moderation quality of being limited not extreme

mollify make calmer or quieter

molt moult lose hair feathers before new growing

morbid diseased unhealthy (e.g.. about ideas)

morose ill'tempered unsocial

muffler cloth worn round the neck/silencer

multifarious varied motley greatly diversified

mundane worldly as opposed to spiritual commonplace everyday

myriad very great number

nadir lowest weakest point

nascent coming into existence emerging

nebulous cloud'like hay vague indistinct

negligent taking too little care

neophyte person who has been converted to a belief

nexus a connection tie or link

nibble show some inclination to accept (an offer)

noisome offensive disgusting (smell)


30/61

nonchalant not having interest

nonplused greatly surprised

nostrum a quack remedy an untested cure

noxious harmful

nugatory trifling/worthless

obdurate hardened and unrepenting stubborn inflexible

obfuscate to darken make obscure muddle

oblivious unaware having no memory

obloquy abusively detractive language sharp criticism vituperation

obsequious too eager to obey or serve

obstreperous noisy loud

obtain to be established accepted or customary

obtrusive pro$ecting prominent undesirably noticeable

obtuse blunt/stupid

obviate to make unnecessary get rid of

occluded blocked up

odious repulsive hateful

odium contempt dislike aversion

odor smell favor reputation

officious too eager or ready to help offer advice

ominous threatening

onerous needing effort burdensome

opaqueness dullness/not allowing light to pass through

opprobrious showing scorn or reproach

ossify to turn to bone to settle rigidly into an idea

ostensible seeming appearing as such professed

ostentation display to obtain admiration or envy

ostracism shut out from society refuse to meet talk

overhaul examine thoroughly to learn about the condition

overweening presumptuously arrogant overbearing immoderate being a $erk

paean song of praise or triumph

palate roof of the mouth sense of taste

palatial magnificent


31/61

palliate lessen the severity of

palpability can be felt touched understood

palpitate tremble beat rapidly and irregularly

panegyric formal praise eulogy

paradigm a model example or pattern

parenthesis sentence within another one something separated

pariah an outcast a re$ected and despised person

parley negotiation, discussion between enemies

parsimonious too economical miserly

partisan one'sided committed to a party biased or pre$udiced

patron regular customer person who gives support

paucity scarcity a lacking of

peccadillo small sin small weakness in ones character

pedantic bookish showing off learning

pedestrian commonplace trite unremarkable

pellucid transparent easy to understand

penchant strong inclination a liking

penitent feeling or showing regret

penurious poor/stingy

penury extreme poverty

peregrination traveling about wandering

peremptory urgent imperative unchallengeable ending debate

perfidious treacherous faithless

perfidy treachery breaking of faith

perfunctory done as a duty without care

perilous dangerous

peripatetic wandering

perish be destroyed decay

per$ury willful 5%678 statement unlawful act

permeate spread into every part of

pernicious harmful in$urious

perpetrate be guilty commit (a crime)

personable pleasing in appearance attractive


32/61

perspicacity quick $udging and understanding

pertain belong as a part have reference

pest destructive thing or a person who is nuisance

petrified taken away power (to think feel act)

petrify to make hard rocklike

petrous like a rock hard stony

petulant unreasonably impatient

philistine a smug ignorant person one who lacks knowledge

phlegmatic calm sluggish temperament unemotional

picaresque involving clever rogues or adventurers

pied of mixed colors

pinch be too tight take between the thumb and finger

pine waste away through sorrow or illness

pious dutiful to parents devoted to religion

piquant agreeably pungent stimulating

pique hurt the pride or self'respect stir (curiosity)

pitfall covered hole as a trap unsuspected danger

pith essential part force soft liquid substance

pivotal of great importance (others depend on it)

placate soothe pacify calm

plaintive mournful melancholy sorrowful

plaque flat metal on a wall as a memorial

platitude a trite or banal statement unoriginality

plea request

plead address a court of law as an advocate

plethora glut

pliant pliable easily bent shaped or twisted

plod continue doing something without resting

pluck pull the feathers off pick (e.g.. flowers)

plumb get to the root of

plummet fall plunge steeply

plunge move quickly suddenly and with force

poignant deeply moving keen


33/61

poncho large piece of cloth

ponderous heavy bulky dull

portent omen marvelous threatening

precarious uncertain risky dangerous

precepts rules establishing standards of conduct

preclude prevent make impossible

precursory preliminary anticipating

predilection special liking mental preference

predominate have more power than others

preen tidy/show self'satisfaction

premature doing or happening something before the right time

preponderance greatness in number strength weight

presage warning sign

presumption arrogance

preternatural not normal or usual

prevalent common

prevaricate to equivocate to stray from the truth

prim neat formal

pristine primitive unspoiled pure as in earlier times unadulterated

probity uprightness incorruptibility principle

proclivity inclination

procrastination keeping on putting off

prodigal wasteful reckless with money

prodigious enormous wonderful

profane worldly having contempt for 3od

profligacy shameless immorality

profligate wasteful prodigal licentious extravagant

profundity depth

profuse abundant/lavish

proliferate grow reproduce by rapid multification

prolix tiring because too long

prone prostrate inclined to (undesirable things)

propagation increasing the number spreading extending


34/61

propinquity nearness in time or place affinity of nature

propitiatory conciliatory appeasing mitigating

propitious auspicious presenting favorable circumstances

prosaic everyday mundane commonplace trite pedestrian

proscribe denounce as dangerous

protracted prolonged

provident frugal looking to the future

provisional of the present time only

provoke make angry vax

prudence careful forethought

prudish easily shocked excessively modest

prune dried plum silly person

pry get something inquire too curiously

pucker wrinkle

pugnacious fond of in the habit of fighting

puissance strength

punctilious precise paying attention to trivialities

pundit pedant authority on a sub$ect

pungency sharpness stinging quality

purvey provide supply

pusillanimous cowardly craven

putrefaction becoming rotten

pyre large pile of wood for burning

quack person dishonestly claiming to something

quaff drink deeply

quail lose courage turn frightened

qualm feeling of doubt temporary feeling of sickness

quandary state of doubt or perplexity

quell suppress subdue

quibble try to avoid by sophistication

quiescence state of being passive/motionless

quiescent at rest dormant torpid

quirk habit or action peculiar to smb or something


35/61

quixotic generous unselfish

quotidian banal everyday

rabble mob crowd the lower classes of populace

raconteur person who tells anecdotes

raffish low vulgar base tawdry

ramify to be divided or subdivided to branch out

rancorous feeling bitterness spitefulness

rant use extravagant language

rapacious greedy (esp for money)

rarefy to make thin to make less dense to purify or refine

rave act with excessive enthusiasm

reactionary opposing progress

rebuff snub

recalcitrant disobedient

recant take back as being 5%678 give up

recast cast or fashion anew

recidivism relapse into antisocial or criminal behavior

reciprocity granting of privileges in return for similar

recitals a number of performance of music

recluse person who lives alone and avoids people

recompense make payment to reward punish

reconcile settle a quarrel restore peace

recondite little known abstruse

recreancy cowardice a cowardly giving up

recuperate become strong after illness loss exhaustion

redeem get back by payment compensate

redoubtable formidable causing fear

refine make or become pure cultural

refractory stubborn unmanageable untractable

refulgent shining brilliant

regale to delight or entertain to feast

regicide crime of killing a king

reiterate say or do again several times


36/61

re$uvenation becoming young in nature or appearance

relapse fall back again

reminiscent viewing the past

remonstrate to protest ob$ect

render deliver provide represent

renovate restore something to better condition

renowned celebrated famous

repast meal

repel refuse to accept/cause dislike

repine at be discontented with

reproach scold upbraid

reprobate person hardened in sin one devoid of decency

repudiate disown refuse to accept or pay

repulsive causing a feeling of disgust

requite repay give in return

rescind repeal/annul/cancel

resigned unresisting submissive

resilience quality of quickly recovering the original shape

resort to frequently visit

restive refusing to move reluctant to be controlled

resuscitation coming back to consciousness

retard check hinder

reticent reserved untalkative silent taciturn

retrospective 6ooking back on past

revere have deep respect for

reverent feeling or showing deep respect

riddle puling person or thing

rift split crack dissension

rivet fix take up secure metal pin

roll call calling of names

rotund rich and deep plump and round

ruffian violent cruel man

rumple make rough


37/61

sagacious having sound $udgment perceptive wise like a sage

salacious obscene

salubrious healthful

salutary remedial wholesome causing improvement

sanctimony self'righteousness hypocritical with 5%678 piety

sanction approval (by authority) penalty

sanguine cheerful confident optimistic

sanity health of mind soundness of $udgment

sash long strip worn round the waist

satiate satisfy fully

saturnine gloomy dark sullen morose

savant person of great learning

savor taste flavor something

sawdust tiny bits of wood

scabbard sheath for the blade

scent smell (especially pleasant)

scorch become discolored/dry up/go at high speed

scribble write hastily

scurvy mean contemptible

secular material (not spiritual) living outside monasteries

sedulous persevering

seminal like a seed constituting a source originative

sententious short and pithy full of maxims/proverbs

sequence succession connected line of

sere make hard and without feeling

sermon reproving a person for his faults

serrated having a toothed edge

serration having a toothed edge

servile like a slave lacking independence

sever break off

severance severing

shallow little depth not earnest

shard piece of broken earthenware


38/61

sheath cover for the blade of a weapon or a tool

shrewd astute showing sound $udgement

shrill sharp piercing

shun keep away from avoid

shunt send from one track to another lay aside evade discussion

sidestep step to one side

simper (give a) silly/self'conscious smile

sinuous winding undulating serpentine

skiff small boat

skit short piece of humorous writing

slack sluggish dull not tight

slake to assuage to satisfy allay

slate king of blue'grey stone propose criticie

sluggard lay slow'moving person

slur $oin sounds/words (indistinct)

smolder burn slowly without flame

snare trap

snub treat with contempt

soar rise fly high

sober self'controlled

sobriety quality or condition of being sober

sodden soaked saturated

soggy heavy with water

solvent of the power of forming a solution

somatic of the body

soot black powder in smoke

sophisticated complex subtle refined

sophistry fallacious reasoning faulty logic

sophomoric self'assured though immature affected bombastic overblown

soporific producing sleep

sordid wretched comfortless contemptible

spear weapon with a metal point on a long shaft

specious illogical of questionable truth or merit


39/61

splenetic bad'tempered irritable

splice $oin (two ends)

sponge porous rubber for washing live at once expense

spurious 5%678 counterfeit

spurn have nothing to do re$ect or refuse

squalid foul filthy

squander spend wastefully

squat crouch/settle without permission

stanch to stop the flow of a fluid

steeply rising or falling sharply

stentorian extremely loud and powerful

stickler person who insists on importance of something

stigma mark of shame or disgrace

stigmatie describe smb scornfully

sting something sharp

stingy spending using unwillingly

stint to be thrifty to set limits

stipple paint with dots

stipulate state or put forward as a necessary condition

stolid showing no emotion impassive

stray wander lose ones way

streak long thin move very fast

striated striped grooved or banded

stride walk with long steps

strut a supporting bar

stygian hence dark gloomy

stymie to hinder obstruct or block

subdue overcome bring under control

sublime extreme astounding

submerge put under water liquid sink out of sight

suborn induce by bribery or something to commit per$ury

subpoena written order requiring a person to appear in a low court

substantiation giving facts to support (statement)


40/61

subsume include under a rule

succor assistance relief in time of distress

suffice be enough

suffocate cause or have difficulty in breathing

sullied to be stained or discredited

summarily briefly without delay

sumptuous magnificent

sundry various miscellaneous separate

supercilious disdainful characteried by haughty scorn

superfluous more then is needed or wanted

superimpose put something on the top

supersede take the place of

supine lying on the back slow to act passive

suppliant asking humbly beseeching

supplicate make a humble petition to

suppress prevent from being known put an end to

surcharge additional load/charge

surfeit satiate feed to fulness or to excess

susceptibility sensitiveness

swerve change direction suddenly

sycophant person who flatter to the rich and powerful

synopsis summary or outline

taciturn untalkative silent

tadpole form of a frog when it leaves the egg

talon claw of a bird of prey

tamp tap or drive down by repeated light blows

tamper interfere with

tangential suddenly changeable

tarnished lost brightness

tassel bunch of threads

taunt contemptuous reproach hurtful remark

taut tightly stretched

tautology a repetition a redundancy


41/61

tawdry cheap gaudy showy tacky

teetotal oppose to alcohol

telltale 2hat gives warning or information

temerity boldness brashness intrepidness

temperance abstinence from alcohol self'control moderation

temperate showing self'control

tenacity firmness persistency adhesiveness tending to hang on

tenuous insubstantial flimsy weak

tepid lukewarm

terse brief and to the point

testiness witness/evidence

thrift care economy thriving prosperous

thwart obstruct/frustrate

timid shy easily frightened

timorous fearful timid afraid

toady obsequious flatterer

tonic something giving strength or energy

topple be unsteady and overturn

torment severe pain or suffering

torpid sleeping sluggish lethargic dormant

torque twisting force causing rotation

tortuous devious/not straightforward

tout person who worries others to buy something to use his service

tractable easily controlled or guided

transgress break go beyond (a limit)

transient temporary fleeting

transitory brief

travesty parody/imitation

trenchant forceful effective vigorous extremely perceptive incisive

trepidation alarm excited state of mind

trickle flow in drops

trifling unimportant

trite not new


42/61

truce (agreement) stop of fighting for a time

truculence aggressiveness ferocity

trudge walk heavily

turbid muddy having the sediment stirred up

turbulence being uncontrolled violent

turgid excessively ornate swollen or bloated

turmoil trouble disturbance

turpitude wickedness shamefulness

turquoise greenish'blue precious stone

tyro tiro beginner

ubiquitous present everywhere

ulterior situated beyond

umbrage offense resentment

uncouth rough awkward

underbid make a lower bid then smb else

undermine weaken gradually at the base make something under

undulate to move in wavelike fashion fluctuate

unearth discover and bring to light

unencumbered easy'going trifle

unfeigned not pretended sincere

unscathed unharmed unhurt

untoward unfortunate inconvenient

upbraid scold reproach

urbane elegant refined in manners

vacillation being uncertain hesitating

vagary strange act or idea

vain without use result conceited

valiant brave

valorous brave

vanquish conquer

variegate 2o mark with different shade or colors

veer change direction

venal ready to do something dishonest


43/61

veneer surface appearance covering the 29:8 nature

veneration regard with deep respect

veracity truth

verdant fresh and green

verisimilitude appearing 29:8 or real

veritable real rightly named

verve spirit vigor enthusiasm

vestige trace or sign

vex annoy distress trouble

vigilance watchfulness self'appointed group who maintain order

vigilant member of a vigilance committee

vigorous strong energetic

vilify slander say evil things

vindictive having a desire to revenge

virago a loud domineering woman a scold or nag

visceral of the internal organs of the body

viscous sticky/semi'fluid

vitiate lower the quality weaken the strength

vituperate curse abuse in words

vivacious lively high'spirited

volatile changeable inconstant fickle unstable explosive

volubility fluency verbosity easy use of spoken language

voluble fluent

waffle talk vaguely and without much result

waft scent waving movement carry lightly through

wag merry person

warmonger person who stirs up war

warrant authority written order guarantee

wean to turn away (from a habit)

weigh measure hoe heavy something is

welter turmoil a bewildering $umble

wend to go proceed

whimsical full of odd and fanciful ideas


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Synonym: E2O3E

That smell always con$ures up memories of holidays in /rance. He strained tocon$ure up her face and voice, but they had vanished.

"to make somebody/something appear by using special magic words

con0ure something +rom/out o+ somethingto create something or make something appear in a surprising or unexpectedway. He con$ured a delicious meal out of a few leftovers.

7orcery

4agic that uses evil spirits

Synonym" BLA&3(A*&

sorcery and witchcraft

%muleta piece of $ewellery that some people wear because they think it protects them

from bad luck, illness, etc

ncantationspecial words that are spoken or sung to have a magic effect; the act ofspeaking or singing these words

7ibyl

1in ancient times, a woman who was thought to be able to communicatemessages from a god"a woman who can predict the future

1lairvoyance

the power that some people are believed to have to be able to see future eventsor to communicate with people who are dead or far away&lair$oyant) a person -ho is supposed to ha$e these po-er

0rophet

1(in the 1hristian, ewish and 4uslim religions) a person sent by 3od to teach

the people and give them messages from 3od.

prophet (of something)a person who teaches or supports a new idea, theory,

etc. &illiam #orris was one of the early prophets of socialism.

7oothsayer a person who is believed to be able to tell what will happen in the future

0resagepresage something* to be a warning or sign that something will happen,usually something unpleasant. 0othing had presaged the dreadful fate about to

befall him. Heavy clouds were forming, presaging rain.

%ugur

to be a sign that something will be successful or not successful in the future

Synonym:BODE

1onflicts among the various groups do not augur well for the future of the peacetalks.

0rescient

knowing or appearing to know about things before they happen#rescience) She showed great prescience in selling her shares $ust before themarket crashed.

5oresight

the ability to predict what is likely to happen and to use this to prepare for the

futureShe had had the foresight to prepare herself financially in case of an

accident.The government's policies show a remarkable lack of foresight.

0ortent

a sign or warning of something that is going to happen in the future, especiallywhen it is something unpleasant

Synonym:O(E!

The event proved to be a portent of the disaster that was to come.&e shall tryto reach an agreement but the portents are not good.
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0remonition

a feeling that something is going to happen, especially something unpleasant

premonition (of something)a premonition of disaster

premonition (that.)He had a premonition that he would never see her again .

premonitory

4inatory2hreatening

4inatory words

0rognosis

1(MEDICAL) an opinion, based on medical experience, of the likely developmentof a disease or an illness to make a prognosis. The prognosis is not good.

"(FORMAL) a $udgement about how something is likely to develop in the future

Synonym: 4OE&AST

The prognosis is for more people to work part2time in the future.

5orecast

a statement about what will happen in the future, based on information that is

available

nowsales forecasts

"t is difficult to make long2term forecasts for a fast2growing industry. The

forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. The shippingforecast gave warnings of gales.

5oretell

to know or say what will happen in the future, especially by using magic powers

foretell somethingto foretell the futureforetell that.The witch foretold that

she would marry a prince.foretell what when etc.0one of us can foretellwhat lies ahead.

5oreshadowforeshadow something(FORMAL) to be a sign of something that will happen inthe future . His sudden death had been foreshadowed by earlier health scares.

minous

suggesting that something bad is going to happen in the future

Synonym: 4OEBOD!*

There were ominous dark clouds gathering overhead. She picked up the phone

but there was an ominous silence at the other end. ominously

0ortend

portend something(FORMAL) to be a sign or warning of something that is goingto happen in the future, especially something bad or unpleasant

Synonym: 4OESHADO5

5orebod1. o indicate the likelihood of; portend! harsh wor#s that forebo#e# estrangement%2. o have a premonition of a future misfortune#.

4inatorythreateningminatory words

7inister

seeming evil or dangerous; making you think something bad will happenThere was something cold and sinister about him.There is another, more

sinister, possibility.&e needn't assume that there was a sinister motive for whatshe did.

7molder smolderedalso smouldered$ smolderingalso smouldering$ smoldersalsosmoulders1. o burn with little smoke and no flame.2. o e%ist in a suppressed state! Re)olution smol#ere# in the masses%3. o show signs of repressed anger or hatred.
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3lower

glower (at somebody/something)to look in an angry, aggressive way

Synonym: *LAE She glowered across the table at me. 0icola stared at Tom,who glowered back. He stood behind her, eyes glowering.

5ume

1to be very angry about somethingfume (at/over/about somebody/something)

She sat in the car, silently fuming at the traffic $am. fume (with something)Hewas fuming with indignation.+ speech3This is intolerable45 she fumed."to produce smoke or fumes

9abid

1having very strong feelings about something and acting in an unacceptable

way . rabid right2wing fanatics . the rabid tabloid press

"violent or extreme rabid speculation

6suffering from rabies a rabid dog rabidly

7eethe

1to be extremely angry about something but try not to show other people howangry you are

Synonym: 4%(E She seethed silently in the corner. seethe with somethingHemarched off, seething with frustration. seethe at something"nwardly he was

seething at this challenge to his authority.

"seethe (with something)to be full of a lot of people or animals, especiallywhen they are all moving around The resort is seething with tourists all yearround. He became caught up in aseething massof arms and legs.

6(FORMAL) (OFLIUIDS) to move around quickly and violently The grey oceanseethed beneath them.

ncense o cause to be e%tremely angry; infuriate

6ivid

1extremely angry

Synonym: 4%O%S 6ad will be livid when he finds out."dark bluish'grey incoloura livid bruise


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ADVERB She coughed discreetly to announce her presence.

-iscrete

independent of other things of the same type

Synonym: SE#AATEThe organisms can be divided into discrete categories.discretely

ADVERBdiscreteness

7inge

singeing, singed, singed

singe (something)to burn the surface of something slightly, usually by mistake;

to be burnt in this way He singed his hair as he tried to light his cigarette. the

smell of singeing fur

0sage note"/ur%charscaldscorchsinge2hese words all meanto damage, in$ure, destroy or kill somebody/something with heat or fire.burntodamage, in$ure, destroy or kill somebody/something with fire, heat or acid; tobe damaged, etc. by fire, heat or acid* She burned all his letters.The houseburned downin 7889.char"usually passive# to make something black byburning it; to become black by burning* The bodies had been charred beyondrecognition.scaldto burn part of your body with very hot liquid orsteam.scorchto burn and slightly damage a surface by making it too hot* "scorched my dress when " was ironing it.singeto burn the surface of somethingslightly, usually by mistake; to be burnt in this way* He singed his hair as he

tried to light his cigarette.scorch or singe72hings are scorchedby heat orfire. 2hings can only be singedby fire or a flame.to burn/scald yoursel+/yourhandto burn/scorch/singe your hair/clothesburned out/charred/scorchedremains/ruins/buildings

7cald

scald something/yourselfto burn yourself or part of your body with very hot

liquid or steam-e careful not to scald yourself with the steam.(FIGURATIVE) Tears

scalded her eyes.

7cathe1. o harm or injure$ especially by fire.2. o critici&e or denounce severely; e%coriate.

7ear

1"TRANSITIVE# sear somethingto burn the surface of something in a way that is

sudden and powerful The heat of the sun seared their faces.Sear the meat first

(= cook the outside of it quickly at a high temperature)to retain its $uices.

""INTRANSITIVE, TRANSITIVE# (FORMAL) to cause somebody to feel sudden and great

pain+ adverb/prepositionThe pain seared along her arm. sear somebody

/eelings of guilt seared him.

7corch 1"TRANSITIVE, INTRANSITIVE# scorch (something)& scorch something + adjectiveto

burn and slightly damage a surface by making it too hot; to be slightly burned

by heat" scorched my dress when " was ironing it.6on't stand so near the fire:

your coat is scorching4

""TRANSITIVE, INTRANSITIVE# scorch (something)to become or to make something

become dry and brown, especially from the heat of the sun or from

chemicalsscorched grassThe leaves will scorch if you water them in the sun.

6"INTRANSITIVE# + adverb/preposition(BRITISHENGLISH, INFORMAL) to move very

fastThe car scorched off down the road.She scorched to victory in the sprint

final.


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7welter

to be very hot in a way that makes you feel uncomfortable

assengers sweltered in temperatures of over 8;


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over a period of time

She was a friend and mentor to many young actors.c"!)are(E!TEE mentoringa mentoring programmeThe point of the mentoring programme is toempoweryoung fathers with parenting skills.

0edagoguea teacher; a person who likes to teach people things, especially because theythink they know more than other people

0rot>g>

a young person who is helped in their career and personal development by amore experienced persona prot?g? of the great violinist %ehudi #enuhin

6imber

1. ending or fle%ing readily; pliable.2. (apable of moving$ bending$ or contorting easily; supple#hrasal $erbs

limber up" to do physical exercises in order to stretch and prepare yourmuscles before taking part in a race, sporting activity, etc.

Synonym: 5A(%#

6ithemoving or bending easily, in a way that is elegant a tall lithe figure

lithely* 7he moved lithely to the music.

?imble


Synonym:A*LE

%ou need nimble fingers for that $ob. She was extremely nimble on her feet.

"(OFTHEMIND) able to think and understand quickly nimbly

%gile


Synonym: !(BLE a strong and agile athlete

"able to think quickly and in an intelligent way an agile mind/brain

agility

He had the agility of a man half his age

7upple

1able to bend and move parts of your body easily into different positions her

slim, supple body . These exercises will help to keep you supple.

"soft and able to bend easily without cracking #oisturiing cream helps to keep

your skin soft and supple.suppleness

%droit

skilful and clever, especially in dealing with people

Synonym: S3L4%L an adroit negotiator adroitly

He adroitly avoided answering my !uestions. adroitness

%dept

adept (at/in something)& adept (at/in doing something)good at doingsomething that is quite difficult

Synonym: S3L4%L: He became adept at getting even the shyest students totalk . adept( adeptly

-eft 1(OFA@ERSON0SMOVEMENTS) skilful and quick deft hands/fingers/footwork

He finished off the painting with a few deft strokes of the brush. "n one, deftmovement, he had her hand locked behind her back.

"skilful * her deft command of the language. de+tly
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" threw her a towel which she deftly caught. They deftly avoided answering my

!uestions.de+tness

%ptitude

natural ability or skill at doing something

Synonym: TALE!T an aptitude test(= one designed to show whether somebody

has the natural ability for a particular $ob or course of education)aptitude for

somethingShe showed a natural aptitude for the work.aptitude for doingsomethingHis aptitude for dealing with children got him the $ob.

0rowess

great skill at doing somethingacademic=sporting prowess He was complimented on his prowess as anoarsman.

-extrous

1onsummate

extremely skilled; perfect

She was a consummate performer.He played the shot with consummate skill.

(DISA@@ROVING) a consummate liarconsummately

1onvoluted

1extremely complicated and difficult to followa convoluted

argument/explanation : a book with a convoluted plot"(FORMAL) having many twists or curves * a convoluted coastline

3narled

1(OFTREES) twisted and rough; covered with hard lumps* a gnarledoak=branch=trunk"(OFA@ERSONOR@ARTOFTHEBOD2) bent and twisted because of age or illness*gnarled hands

7inuous

turning while moving, in an elegant way; having many curves

a sinuous movement, the sinuous grace of a cat, the sinuous course of the

river. sinuously

2ortuous

1(USUALL2DISA@@ROVING) not simple and direct; long, complicated and difficult tounderstand

Synonym: &O!2OL%TEDtortuous languagethe long, tortuous process ofnegotiating peace

"(OFAROAD( @ATH( ETC+) full of bends

Synonym: 5!D!* a tortuous mountain tracka tortuously slow system

ntertwine

1"INTRANSITIVE, TRANSITIVE# if two or more things intert-ineor are intert-ined,they are twisted together so that they are very difficult to separate* intertwining

branches intertwine something (with something)a necklace of rubiesintertwined with pearls

""TRANSITIVE, USUALL2@ASSIVE, INTRANSITIVE# intertwine (something)to be or becomevery closely connected with something/somebody else* Their political careershad become closely intertwined.

7erpentinebending and twisting like a snake

Synonym: 5!D!* the serpentine course of the river

1ircuitous

(OFAROUTEOR?OURNE2) long and not direct

Synonym: O%!DABO%THe took us on a circuitous route to the hotel. The$ourney was circuitous and slow. circuitously


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a long and winding road

4eander

1"INTRANSITIVE# (+ adverb/preposition)(OFARIVER( ROAD( ETC+) to curve a lot ratherthan being in a straight line. The stream meanders slowly down to the sea.

""INTRANSITIVE# (+ adverb/preposition)to walk slowly and change directionoften, especially without a particular aim

Synonym:5A!DEThey meandered around the old town admiring thearchitecture.

6"INTRANSITIVE# (+ adverb/preposition)(OFACONVERSATION( DISCUSSION( ETC+) to

develop slowly and change sub$ect often, in a way that makes it boring or

difficult to understandmeander NOUN the meanders of a river

@yantine

1connected with @yantium or the 8astern 9oman 8mpire"used to describe architectureof the Ath to the Ath centuries in the @yantine8mpire, especially churches with high central domesand mosaics6(also by.antine) (FORMAL) (OFANIDEA( AS2STEM( ETC+) complicated, secret anddifficult to changean organiation of byantine complexity

%ffinity

1"SINGULAR# affinity (for/with somebody/something)& affinity (between A andB)a strong feeling that you understand somebody/something and like them orit

Synonym: A##OT Sam was born in the country and had a deep affinity withnature. Humans have a special affinity for dolphins.

""UNCOUNTABLE, COUNTABLE# affinity (with somebody/something)& affinity

(between A and B)a close relationship between two people or things that havesimilar qualities, structures or features* There is a close affinity between "talianand Spanish.

0roclivity

proclivity (for something/for doing something)(FORMAL) a natural tendency todo something or to feel something, often something bad

Synonym: #O#E!ST his sexual=criminal proclivities. the government'sproclivity for spendingmoney

0enchantpenchant for somethinga special liking for something

Synonym: 4O!D!ESS She has a penchant forchampagne.

@ent

1not straighta piece of bent wire6o this exercise with your knees bent (= not

with your legs straight). "(OFA@ERSON) not able to stand up straight, usuallyas a result of being old or ill/sicka small bent old womanHe was bent doublewith laughter.6(BRITISHENGLISH, INFORMAL) (OFA@ERSONINAUTHORIT2) dishonest

dioms

bent on something/on doing somethingdetermined to do something (usually something bad)She seems bent on making life difficult for me.$ee a$" HELL:BE!T

get bent out o+ shape ;about/o$er something

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