Grasses Online -

Scratchpads for Poaceae

Bryan Simon,

Queensland Herbarium

Scratchpads

A flexible online resource for biodiversity hosted by Natural History Museum, London.

In the first year (2007) 466 people from more than 30 countries registered for Scratchpads.

In Aug 2011 there were 3466 active users in more than 60 countries. 363,000 pages of content since March 2007.

Currently 314 Scratchpad sites, one of which is GrassWorld and another is AusGrass2.

Scratchpads (314)

GrassWorld & AusGrass2

16th (largest plant group) 19th(3rd largest plant group)

TaxonomyTaxonomy import,

management and

navigation

Bibliographic data

Reference manager /

Endnote support for

bibliographies

Images

Image galleries,

image upload &

annotation

Phylogeny

Nexus / Newick import for

visualizing phylogenies

Character Matricies

Molecular & morphological character matricies

(discrete, morphometric and text characters)

Distribution Maps

Presence absence

country maps

Specimens & locations (fine precision)

Specimen & location

records (DwC)

Pages, Forums, Blogs, Newsletters

Web fora with e-

mail integration

User blogs

Static web pages

Newsletters with

e-mail integration

Formal publication online

GrassWorld (genera & species)

GrassWorld Menu Items

Descriptions of World Grasses

Global Distribution Maps

Check List of World Grasses

Classification

Historic Literature

Generic Descriptions

How to reference this site

Interactive Keys

Maps -TDWG

Published Grass Illustrations and Images

References

World Grass Floras

Agrostologists of Note

Useful Links

Descriptions of World Grasses

English French

Descriptions of World Grasses

Spanish German

Global Distribution Maps

One global map for each species

12,100 species

3 people inputting data from continual upgrades of the information in the DELTA editor since May 2011

Sep 2012 – midway through letter S.

Future plans are to colour code where the distribution is naturalised.

Global Distribution Data – Delta Editor

Global Distribution Data -Scratchpad Editor

Checklist of World GrassesWorld Africa

Classification of Grasses

Classification of Grasses

Historic Literature Genera Graminum (1986) Clayton & Renvoize - Keys

Historic Literature Genera Graminum (1986) Clayton & Renvoize - figures

Generic Circumscription - Past and Present

Generic Circumscription - Past and Present

Issues relating to Generic Circumscriptiom

of Grasses

The selection and use of characters

Polyphyly, Paraphyly and Monophyly

Parsimony

Monotypic genera

Generic concepts (circumscription by morphology and/or molecules)

Subfamily classification – Aristidoideae Cerros-Tlatilpa, Columbus & Barker 2011

Subfamily classification – Panicoideae

Morrone et al 2012

Subfamily classification – Danthonoideae –Linder et al 2010

Subfamily classification – Chloridoideae –Peterson et al 2010

Generic Descriptions

At this stage there is no morphological data in these descriptions. it is planned to compile these using the DELTA progam gesumm

Interactive Keys

Not presently online but will cross-link from Identifylife

These will be in English, French, German and Spanish.

The INTKEY keys in these 4 languages are all ready to be uploaded.

Published Grass Illustrations

Achlaena piptostachya

Illustrations (Books): A.S.Hitchcock, Manual of the Grasses of the West Indies (1936).

Achnatherum altum

Illustrations (Books): G.E.Gibbs Russell el al, Grasses of Southern Africa (1990).

Achnatherum aridum

Illustrations (Books): M.E.Barkworth et al, Flora of North America north of Mexico Vol 24 Poaceae, part 1 (2007).

Achnatherum arnowiae

Illustrations (Books): M.E.Barkworth et al, Flora of North America north of Mexico Vol 24 Poaceae, part 1 (2007).

Achnatherum breviaristatum

Illustrations (Books): S-L Chen et al, Flora of China, Illustrations, Poaceae (2007).

Achnatherum bromoides

Illustrations (Books): N.Feinbrun-Dothan, Flora Palaestina 4 (1986).

Achnatherum chingii

Illustrations (Books): S-L Chen et al, Flora of China, Illustrations, Poaceae (2007).

Achnatherum contractum

Illustrations (Books): M.E.Barkworth et al, Flora of North America north of Mexico Vol 24 Poaceae, part 1 (2007).

Achnatherum coronatum

Illustrations (Books): M.E.Barkworth et al, Flora of North America north of Mexico Vol 24 Poaceae, part 1 (2007).

Achnatherum curvifolium

Illustrations (Books): M.E.Barkworth et al, Flora of North America north of Mexico Vol 24 Poaceae, part 1 (2007).

Achnatherum diegoense

Illustrations (Books): M.E.Barkworth et al, Flora of North America north of Mexico Vol 24 Poaceae, part 1 (2007).

Achnatherum duthiei

Illustrations (Books): S-L Chen et al, Flora of China, Illustrations, Poaceae (2007).

Achnatherum eminens

Illustrations (Books): M.E.Barkworth et al, Flora of North America north of Mexico Vol 24 Poaceae, part 1 (2007); R.McVaugh, Flora Nova-Galiciana Vol.14 Gramineae (1983).

Achnatherum hendersonii

World Grass Floras

Agrostologists of Note A.Camus 90 Names Arber Barker Barkworth Bentham Blake Bor Bosser Burbidge Butzin Chase Chippindall Clark Clayton Clifford Columbus Conert Connor Cope Davidse Davila Aranda

Agrostologists of Note (94)Blake Bentham

Agrostologists of Note

Useful Links AVH Angiosperm Phylogeny AusGrass2 CNWG DELTA GRIN Gateway to African Plants - Poaceae Generic Synonyms (Kew) Global Compendium of Weeds GrassBase & Synon Grasses of Argentina Grasses of Brazil Grasses of China (FoC) Grasses of Flora Zambesiaca Grasses of Madagascar Grasses of Mongolia Grasses of NZ Grasses of North America Grasses of Pakistan Grasses of Taiwan Grasses of Zimbabwe IPNI IdentifyLife Phylogenetic Classification of Poaceae TROPICOS The Plant List Poaceae Wikipedia English Wikipedia French Wikipedia German Wikipedia Spanish

Futher Information

World Grasses Achlaena Achnatherum Aciachne Acidosasa Acostia Acrachne Acritochaete Acroceras Actinocladum Aegilops Aeluropus Afrotrichloris Agenium Agnesia Agropyron

Further Information

Bibliography, Maps (TADWG and GBIF), Google Scholar,

Wikipedia, Images (Flickr, Morphbank, Yahoo), Molecular databases and many others

AusGrass2 (genera, species & infra-specific taxa)

AusGrass2 – Menu Items Acknowledgements

Characters

Classification

Common Names

Dichotomous Keys

Fact Sheets

Glossary

Grass Structure

How to reference this site

Interactive Keys

References

Synonyms

Useful Links

CharactersMorphology Distribution

Classification

link to genera fact sheets

Classificationlink to genera dichotomous keys

Common Nameslink to species fact sheets

Dichotomous Keys –generalink to genera fact sheets

Dichotomous Keys – species

link to species fact sheets

Fact Sheets - Genera

Fact Sheets Genera

Fact Sheets - species

Fact Sheets – Species Maps and Images

Fact Sheets – Comments (under Neurachne tenuifolia)

Glossary

Interactive keys

References

Synonymsall link to species fact sheets

Further Information

Further information Australian Grasses (244) Acrachne (1) Acroceras (1) Agrostis (13) Aira (5) Alexfloydia (1) Alloteropsis (2) Alopecurus (4) Amelichloa (2) Ammophila (1) Amphibromus (10) Amphipogon (9) Ancistrachne (2) Andropogon (4) Anisopogon (1) Anthosachne (5) Anthoxanthum (2) Apera (1) Apluda (1) Aristida (59) Arrhenatherum (1) Arthragrostis (4) Arthraxon (2) Arundinaria (2) Arundinella (4) Arundo (1) Astrebla (4) Australopyrum (3) Austrochloris (1) Austroderia (1) Austrostipa (64) Avellinia (1) Avena (7) Axonopus (2) Bambusa (3) Bothriochloa (10) Brachyachne (5) Brachypodium (1) Briza (3) Bromus (18) Calamagrostis (1) Calyptochloa (2)

Capillipedium (2)

Google Analytics - GrassWorld

Google Analytics – AusGrass2

Google Analytics - GrassWorld July 8

Google Analytics - GrassWorld July 8

GrassWorld and AusGrass2: The future GrassWorld

Generic Descriptions using gesumm Global maps – native and naturalised distributions Images Type specimen Images Blogs and Groups Interactive keys (Intkey and Lucid) to both Genera and Species on Identify Life Newsletter

AusGrass2 Morphological data where missing Brush up on links from keys and synonyms Interactive keys (Intkey and Lucid) to both Genera and Species on Identify Life Add more images

Newsletter

Scratchpad2 Line wrap problem fixed

Maps with colour separation (useful for weed distribution)

Integrated mapping tools - dynamically display point locality data, regional data and shape files as overlays on a Google Map

Over 2012 a number of additional enhancements are planned. These include:

Integrated Single Sign On (SSO), (with author-ID)

Proper Globally Unique Identifiers beyond URL’s

Scratchpad site registry with metadata and visualisations concerning content in all the Scratchpads and author level metrics on content

Rebuild of http://Scratchpads.eu, focusing on content within sites rather than the Scratchpad infrastructure

Identification key building and species database visualisations derived from character data in the matrix editor

Centralised services on controlled vocabularies

Phylogenetic analytical services

Improved training functionality

Acknowledgements

Yucely Alfonso and Dan Healy (BRI) for many hours of data input

Kehan Harman and Maria Vorontsova (K) for use and transfer of Grassbase data and RBG Kew, especially Derek Clayton, for the use of this data

Gilberto Ocampo (CAS), Philip Sharpe (Coolum), Hildemar Scholz (B) and Philippe Morat (P) for translating the Delta character set to Spanish, German and French.

Irina Brake (BM) and Isa Vandevelde (Natural Sciences Museum, Belgium) for Scratchpad tutoring.