Grape is an important fruit in India, which have a high export potential. Grapes are mostly used for...
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Transcript of Grape is an important fruit in India, which have a high export potential. Grapes are mostly used for...
• Grape is an important fruit in India, which have a high export
potential.
• Grapes are mostly used for table purpose, wine and raisin
making.
• Grape vine is attacked by various insect pests like Leafhopper,
Thrips, Leaf-roller, Flea beetle etc.
Introduction
Nature of Damage:
• Adults and nymphs of leaf hoppers suck
cell-sap from lower surface of leaves.
• Affected foliage shows tiny white spots.
• Grape leaves turn yellow-brown and fall.
• Photosynthesis activity is affected,
reducing quality of nursery seedlings.
Control:
• Spray 2.5 ml Fenitrothion 50 EC in 10
liters of water after monsoon.
Grapevine Leaf hopper
Adult of Leaf Hopper
Nymphs of Leaf Hopper
Host Plants: Grape, Rose, Jamun
Nature of Damage:
• Affected leaves turns white, withered and then turn brown.
• Leaves subsequently curl up and drop off.
• Seedlings show poor vegetative growth.
Control:
• Remove infested leaves from plant.
• Spray 5 ml Malathion 50 EC in10 liters water.
Thrips: Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus
Damage by Thrips
Adult Thrips
Nature of Damage:
• Young, green caterpillars (1-3 instars) feed
on lower epidermis of leaves, reducing
them to leaf skeletons.
• Mature larvae (4th 5th instars) roll up the leaf
margins towards mid-rib and pupate in the
leaf roll.
Control:
• Remove the leaf rolls and destroy them.
• Spray 5 ml Malathion 50 EC in 10 liters
water.
Grapevine Leaf-roller: Syllepte luneiis
Adult of Grape Leaf Roller
Infestation by Grape Leaf Roller
Nature of Damage:
• Grub feeds on cortical portion of roots.
• Adults are more destructive as they feed voraciously on new buds turning them into 'dried sprout'.
• Later it causes longitudinal slits on the lamina of the leaves.
Control:
• At early bud sprout spray 0.05% Quinalphos by mixing in water
Flea beetle: Sclelodonta strigicollis
Damage by Flea Beetle Male Adult of Flea Beetle Female Adult of Flea Beetle
White grub or root grub is the immature stage of Scarab beetles
popularly known as cock chafers, leaf chafer, chafer beetle, May
beetle or June beetle.
Host Plants
•White Grub is a polyphagus pest
and feed on almost all kharif season crops.
•It is widely seen in groundnut crop
and chilies of sandy loam soil.
•White Grub are mainly observed
during rainy season in nursery.
White Grub
Larva of White Grub
Nature of Damage
• The white grub and adult feeds on the living roots and later adults
feeds on shrubs and the trees like neem, khejri etc. growing near
the nursery fields.
• The young grubs after hatching in the soil headed towards the
roots and start feeding on them.
• Consequent to feeding, the plants
show varying degree of yellowing,
some get wilted and ultimately die.
Such affected plants easily collapse.
White Grub
Adult of White Grub
Control:
• Collect and destruct beetles in kerosene mixed water and
using light traps / pheromone traps during night hours. Spray
0.0 % Carbaryl on the host plants.
• Deep ploughing of field is a good practice.
• Pre-sowing soil treatment with Phorate 10G or Quinalphos 5G
or Carbofuran 3G @ 300 gm / gunta.
• Application of Quinalphos or Chlorpyriphos at 400 ml / gunta
with irrigation water.
• Bio-control: Pathogenic nematode infecting white grub.
White Grub
Host Plants
• Polyphagus pest of all nursery plants.
Nature of Damage
• In loamy and light soils in dry areas where proper facilities for
irrigation are not available, the termite infestation is more serious.
The infestation of termite is more in rabbi season.
• Termites feed on cellulose in the roots of seedling. As a result of
infestation, the leaves get dry and seedling can easily be pulled
out. In later stage the whole seedling withers.
Termite or White Ants
Types Termite
Control
• Use of well decomposed organic
manure. Remove dead and
decaying organic matter or dry stubbles
from field to avoid termite
infestation.
• Irrigation protects the plants from termites.
• Treat soil with Quinalphos 1.5 % or methyl parathion 2 % dust @
0.25 kg / gunta before planting .
• Apply Chlorpyriphos 20EC @ 400 ml / gunta with irrigation water.
Termite or White Ants
Termite Worker