05GCSA0612-0615

Grammar/Composition/Spelling

lesson manual

part a

January 11, 2016

Please note:

This document is provided for your information only, and is current through the copyright date. Some items, services and/or components referenced may be sold separately. Materials are updated periodically. Refer to your online course for current and substantive lesson manuals.

Happy learning!

As set forth in the Enrollment Agreement, this lesson manual is the property of Calvert Education Services, LLC and is leased for use only with the enrolled student.

Copyright © 2012 by Calvert Education Services, LLC. All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form.

Calvert Education • 10713 Gilroy Road, Suite B • Hunt Valley, Maryland 21031

Grammar Composition

SpellingLesson Manual

Part A

2011

Calvert Education • Table of Contents

05GCSA

i

Table of Contents

Lesson Manual Part AWelcome to Calvert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiGetting Started

General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vThe Plan of the Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vLanguage in This Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vThe Role of the Learning Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vSuggested Daily Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vComponents of a Lesson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Online ResourcesMy Calvert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiIcons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiWebsites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixOnline Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixOnline Videos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xe-Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiCheckpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiRate This Lesson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiLearning Guide Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiPasswords and Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii

Computer Skills and ApplicationsIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiiComputer Health and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiiUsing the Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiiRole of the Learning Guide Using Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiiMinimum System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xivSoftware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xivHow to Use EasyTech Lessons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Student AssessmentsCalvert Test Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviAdvisory Teaching Service Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviDirections for Administering Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviAdvisory Teaching Service Test Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviiCertificate of Completion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii

Calvert Education • Table of Contents

05GCSA

ii

Express ATSFormat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviiiFile Submission and Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviiiLegibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviiiSubmitting the First Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviii

Course Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xixCourse Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxFrequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiiLessons 1–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1–180Appendix

Spelling Pretest and Posttest Scores Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183Supplemental Spelling Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185Spelling Practice Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199Computer Skills Course Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209Computer Skills Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211Test Lessons 20–80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Lesson Manual Part BIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiLessons 81–160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239–393Appendix

Spelling Pretest and Posttest Scores Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397Supplemental Spelling Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399Spelling Practice Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

Test Lessons 100–160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455

Calvert Education • Welcome to Calvert

05GCSA

iii

Welcome to Calvert

We are glad you have selected our curriculum. Please take the time to read the introductory pages that follow. The information provided will help to make this course a pleasant and worthwhile experience for you and your student.

To motivate and inspire families, our lesson manuals feature Hillyer Highlights—observations and ideas of Virgil M. Hillyer (1875–1931), first Head Master of Calvert School. Hillyer, a Harvard-trained educator, wrote numerous articles on education and several children’s books, including A Child’s History of the World. Hillyer’s thoughts and theories on education remain a constant guide within the walls of Calvert School and in our distance-learning curriculum. We hope you draw as much wisdom, inspiration, and strength from these quotations as we have.

Learning comes into the room when the child senses the beauty and/or usefulness of the

fact or skill being taught.

Excerpt from The Pedagogy of V. M. Hillyer

Calvert Education • Getting Started

05GCSA

v

Getting Started

General InformationThe lesson manual for this course has been divided into Part A and Part B. Part A contains general instructions about how to use the manual, Lessons 1–80, and an Appendix. Part B contains Lessons 81–160 and an Appendix. Math and Core lessons are found in separate manuals.

The Plan of the CourseThis course is planned for an average school year of about nine months. There are 152 daily lessons, sixteen review days, and eight tests. Each group of twenty lessons, with two review days, represents about one month’s work for most students. The following list will help you and your student get acquainted with the pattern of the course: Lessons 1–9, First Review Lesson, Lessons 10–19, Second Review Lesson, Test Lesson 20, Lessons 21–29, Third Review Lesson, and so on.

Language in This CourseThe lessons in this manual are written to the Learning Guide unless otherwise indicated. We recognize the importance of treating girls and boys equally in the teaching process. To avoid cumbersome sentences, however, we use the simple masculine pronouns (he, him, his) when referring to the student.

The Role of the Learning GuideThe Learning Guide is a responsible adult (usually a parent) who guides the student through his academic journey. The role of the Learning Guide can vary depending on whether the student is enrolled directly with Calvert as a homeschool student or the student is enrolled in a public school and works virtually under the direction of a state-certified Supervising Teacher. In either case, the Calvert program is not designed for total independent study.

If the student is enrolled as a Calvert homeschool student, then the Learning Guide serves as the home teacher who delivers the instruction, makes all instructional decisions, and determines the pacing.

If the student is enrolled in a public school, the certified teacher directs the instruction, determines the pacing, and makes decisions for intervention and enrichment. Even then, the Learning Guide has an essential role in helping the student on the road to academic success. The Learning Guide should be familiar with course materials, help schedule the student’s daily assignments, obtain materials that are necessary for the lessons, assist the student as needed with his assignments, administer assessments, ensure that the student maintains a good pace through the course, and complete other duties as assigned by the Supervising Teacher.

Suggested Daily Schedule See the Suggested Daily Schedule in the Core Lesson Manual for information on when to complete your Grammar, Composition, and Spelling lessons each day.

Calvert Education • Components of a Lesson

05GCSA

vi

Components of a Lesson

A description of some of the lesson components is provided below to help you and your student better understand the daily lessons.

Components of a Lesson

A description of some of the lesson components is provided below to help you and your student better understand the daily lessons.

Notes

08GCS-A

Calvert Education • Lesson 34 1

Lesson 34MaterialsGrammar NotebookWriting PortfolioSpelling NotebookOnline Spelling Program (Optional)

BooksLanguageSpelling

Student Assignments ❑ GRAMMAR

___Read p. 343, Language___Complete Exercise 7, pp. 345–346, Language___Read p. 524, Language___Complete Exercise 7, pp. 524–525, Language___Complete Grammar Checkpoint

❑ COMPOSITION ___Read Revising, pp. 69–71, Language___Answer Responding to the Revision Process questions,

pp. 70–71, Language___Complete Your Turn 8, p. 71, Language___Complete Composition Checkpoint

❑ SPELLING ___Review spelling words, p. 46, Spelling___Complete Proofreading and Writing, p. 46, Spelling___Read and discuss Vocabulary Connection in the lesson___Complete Spelling Checkpoint

Grammar Objective: to distinguish between refl exive and intensive pronouns

Introduction: Refl exive and intensive pronouns are easy to identify because they are selfi sh. Th ey end with the suffi x -self or -selves. If you can delete a pronoun from a sentence and have the sentence still make sense, then it is an intensive pronoun. Look at the following example.

Aunt Marilyn herself mowed the front and back lawns .

In this sentence herself is an intensive pronoun because it emphasizes that Aunt Marilyn cut the grass all by herself. You also know that herself is intensive because it can be deleted from the sentence and the sentence still makes sense.

Instruction: A refl exive pronoun refers to the subject of the sentence and is necessary to its meaning. If you tried to delete a refl exive pronoun from its sentence, the meaning would be obscured, as in the following example.

The president prided herself on her ability to lead a meeting .

If you try to delete herself from this sentence, you will see that the meaning is aff ected. Th is is a sign that this pronoun is refl exive.

Now study the pronouns at the top of p. 343 in Language. Copy the Refl exive and Intensive Pronouns Chart into your notebook. Th en complete Exercise 7 on pp. 345–346.

Application: Read Refl exive Pronouns on p. 524 to learn the correct forms. Th en complete Exercise 7 on pp. 524–525.

Complete Grammar Checkpoint

Notes

Instructional Video

• Refl exive and Intensive Pronouns

Sam

ple

Less

on

08GCS-A

Your Student Assignments list highlights the day’s work at a glance. This list includes reading assignments, experiments, activities, and exercises. The assignments listed are always described in greater detail in the text of each lesson.

Most lessons begin with an Objective: a statement that describes what your student will be learning. The Objective will be your student’s goal for that lesson.

Application allows your student to demonstrate mastery of the skills introduced during the lesson.

All Materials and Books needed for the day’s lesson are listed here. You may find it helpful to review this list prior to each day’s lesson.

Icons are placed in lessons to direct your student to online resources.

Calvert Education • Components of a Lesson

05GCSA

vii

Notes

08GCS-A

Lesson 34 • Calvert Education2

Composition Objectives: to revise your instructional essay; to use transitional phrases in your writing

Introduction: As you enter this phase of the writing process, it is important to approach your draft as objectively as possible, since you want the end result to be a well-written essay that explains a process. Sometimes it is diffi cult to be objective about your own writing, so do some role-playing to get yourself in the proper frame of mind.

Instruction: Read and discuss pp. 69–71 in Language with your Learning Guide. You may want to read the evaluation questions in the chart on p. 69 aloud as you review and mark your draft . When you go over the sample revisions, be sure to answer the Responding to the Revision Process questions in the text.

Application: Complete Your Turn 8 on p. 71 in Language. Highlight or underline the revisions you made to your draft . Th en ask your Learning Guide to check it to make sure that you are following the revision guidelines.

Complete Composition Checkpoint

Spelling Objectives: to proofread for spelling and usage errors; to integrate spelling and writing in a personal writing response

Introduction: Today’s spelling lesson focuses on your proofreading and writing skills as you incorporate the spelling words into your working vocabulary.

Instruction: Turn to Proofreading and Writing on p. 46 and study Proofread for Usage. You are reminded that run-on sentences are caused by two or more sentences running one aft er another without the proper punctuation or the necessary conjunction. It is possible to fi x most run-ons, either by adding a comma followed by a conjunction or by turning the two or more thoughts into two separate sentences.

Application: Complete Check for Run-on Sentences. � en � nd � ve misspellings and � x two run-on sentences in Proofread a Character Study.

Enrichment: Choose someone you admire and brainstorm reasons why you respect that person. Th en compose a six- or seven-sentence paragraph using three list words and a personal word.

Looking Forward: Your Learning Guide will dictate the spelling words for the posttest in the next lesson.

Complete Spelling Checkpoint

Rate This Lesson Sam

ple

Less

on

Detailed Instructions provide you with the day’s activities, which may include, but are not limited to, conducting question-and-answer sessions, performing experiments, and reviewing the concepts your student has learned.

The Notes column provides space for you to write comments and questions.

Looking ForwardThis feature appears in a lesson when you may need to prepare or gather materials for experiments or activities before the next lesson.

Rate This Lesson gives you an opportunity to rate each lesson using the Five-Star Rating System.

Checkpoints are online assessments found at the end of the lesson.

Enrichments appear periodically throughout the lesson manual. Some are designed to challenge the student, and others to extend a topic. They often help him learn to apply his knowledge of a concept in different ways.

Calvert Education • Online Resources

05GCSA

viii

Online Resources

My CalvertWhen you enrolled your student in this course, you were e-mailed a user name and password for your student to use. Your student will need the user name and password to log in to https://my.calverteducation.com. Once logged in to the My Calvert website, your student will have access to a wealth of instructional resources. These include the following:

• Computer skills video lessons• BrainPOP online activities• Discovery Education STREAMING Videos• Online lesson manuals• Calvert i-Library, which includes access to an online encyclopedia, dictionary, and thesaurus• Daily Checkpoints, which are short questions designed to assess student understanding• Instructional videos for selected lessons • e-Textbooks (if available) with associated supplementary materials from the textbook

publishers• Calvert Mastery Series: Spelling (grades 3–7)• How to Diagram a Sentence (grades 6–8)• Learning Strategies study skills guide (grades 6–8)• Instructional materials for alternate literature selections (grade 8)• Grammar review videos (grades 4–8) for students enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service• Online practice tests (grades 3–8) for students enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service

Please consult your Online Resource Manual in the Learning Guide Portal for detailed information about these offerings.

IconsIcons are included throughout the lesson manual to help you quickly identify resources that support instruction. Icons are located in the Student Assignments menu next to subject headings, and some are strategically placed in line with lessons or in the margin. Generally, you should plan to engage in the activity at the place in the lesson where the icon appears. For example, if a video icon is placed in the margin next to the Instruction section of a lesson, you should plan to watch the video during that time.

The following icon key will help you to plan and navigate your daily lessons:

Web—Visit a World Wide Web URL address.

Activity—Engage in an online activity.

Video—Watch an instructional video online.

Audio—Listen to a CD or an online audio file (mp3).

Photo—Look at a still image online.

Calvert Education • Online Resources

05GCSA

ix

e-Text—Use your electronic textbook (optional).

Checkpoint—Complete an online assessment.

Rate This Lesson—Rate the lesson using the Five-Star Rating System.

Websites Please note the website icons throughout the lessons, alerting your student to a website address where he can access more information on a particular topic. Websites listed are specifically related to the topic being studied and are meant to enhance your student’s understanding of the topic or enrich his knowledge.

In some lessons, key words are provided for your student to type into either a given website’s search engine or a general search engine on the web. Refer to the Web Guide on your student’s My Calvert page for recommended search engines and information about Internet safety. Please note that the Internet contains both reliable and unreliable sources, so it is important that your student chooses reliable websites when performing key word searches, such as sites ending in .org, .edu, or .gov.

Although our educational professionals have explored the suggested websites and selected them for their educational content, the Internet evolves rapidly; in fact, you may find that some sites are no longer active. Adult monitoring is always recommended, as some websites may contain material that you may consider to be inappropriate for your student.

Online Activities BrainPOP

Calvert is pleased to offer BrainPOP, an engaging web-based interactive program that supports the core curriculum. BrainPOP activities include animated video tutorials, interactive activities, and assessments that provide a rich, multisensory experience designed to improve learning. These research-based activities were developed in accordance with national and state academic standards.

These engaging activities are accessed through the online lesson manual. Click on the link for Lesson Manuals in the My Calvert portal. When a BrainPOP activity is appropriate for a lesson, its title is displayed in the right-hand margin. Click on the link, and you will be directed to the instructional activities.

A list of all the BrainPOP activities specifically identified for your curriculum is also included in the online manual for your reference. To access the list, click on the Online Instruction List link on the menu bar above your online lesson manual.

Calvert Mastery Series: SpellingThis optional program is designed to be used with the textbook included in the Spelling course. You may access the Calvert Mastery Series: Spelling (online spelling program) through My Calvert. Although both the online program and the lesson manual present exercises that emphasize spelling, each has unique features. The online spelling program offers three levels of study, one of which will reflect your score on a pretest. The information and reinforcement are presented in colorful and engaging ways.

Calvert Education • Online Resources

05GCSA

x

In the optional program, each chapter is divided into five sections:

1. pretest2. explanation of spelling focus3. required and optional exercises4. posttest5. review of words missed on pretest and posttest with optional enrichment activities.

Your student can work on one or more parts per day. If you wish to coordinate the online spelling program with the textbook, have your student complete one section of a chapter per day. The program keeps track of his progress, and he is moved through the sections in order. When he returns to the online program the next day, he is brought to the section where he needs to resume.

Computer Skills and Applications LessonsThe activity icons are placed in the lessons next to the daily subjects in which your student has the opportunity to learn computer skills through online interactive lessons. Computer Skills lessons often apply or extend skills taught in the subject lesson that precedes it. Notes are placed in the subject lesson to alert the Learning Guide to integrate the Computer Skills lesson. In some cases, Computer Skills lessons do not replace one of the subjects, and your student should include the Computer Skills lesson in the schedule for that day.

Online Videos Discovery Education STREAMING Videos

Discovery Education STREAMING provides thousands of subject- and grade-level specific videos to enrich the learning experience. These high-quality digital resources are scientifically proven and standards-based. An extensive streaming video library offers resources in all major subject areas, such as history that includes live re-enactments, geography with virtual trips around the world, science experiments and animations, movie versions of novels and short stories, math tutorials, and more. In true Discovery Channel style, the videos are vivid, enlightening, and comprehensive.

Discovery Education videos have been aligned to lessons throughout the Calvert curriculum to reinforce lesson objectives. These videos can be accessed through the online lesson manual in Grades K–8. If a video has been aligned to a lesson, you will find a link to that video in the online lesson. Look for the Video icon and click the name of the Discovery Education video to access these resources. Students may also search and explore the library of Discovery Education videos by clicking on the Discovery Education link from the online lesson manual landing page.

Instructional VideosInstructional videos are meant to enhance lessons by providing an interactive online learning experience for students. These tutorial videos are aligned to lesson objectives and present information and skills in an engaging format. Instructional videos are included in selected lessons and can be accessed through the online lesson manual. In the online manual, links to the

Calvert Education • Online Resources

05GCSA

xi

videos are located in the right-hand sidebar. For your reference, a list by subject and lesson of all instructional videos is included in the online manual. To access the list, click on the Online Instruction List tab on the menu bar above the online lesson.

For a tutorial on using the instructional videos, click on the Using Your Instructional Videos link located on the left-hand sidebar beneath the lesson numbers in the online lesson manual.

e-Texts These are available in the My Calvert portal for some grades and subjects and include supplementary material from the textbook publisher. Note: e-Textbooks do not always include the appendices.

Checkpoints The Checkpoints are online autograded questions to evaluate your student’s understanding of the concepts in each lesson. The Checkpoints are located in your student’s online lesson manuals in the My Calvert portal. Click on the link for Lesson Manuals and select the appropriate manual. Then click on the Checkpoint link, which is located in the right-hand sidebar.

After your student has completed the Checkpoint, you can find his score in the Learning Guide Portal. Review any concepts that your student marked incorrectly.

Rate This Lesson Calvert is interested in your feedback on the lessons that you and your student are completing each day. Please use the rating system in the margin of your online lesson manual to let us know your opinion of each lesson.

Learning Guide SupportCalvert is pleased to partner with you by providing various means of instructional support, one of which is the online portal for Learning Guides. Once logged in to the portal, the Learning Guide can access the many resources, such as the following:

• My Calvert • Computer Health and Safety Guidelines• Grade Book• Progress Sheets—PDF files for download (Kindergarten) • Advisory Teaching Service tests—PDF files for download (grades 1–8)• Answer Keys—PDF files for download (grades 1–8)

The Answer Keys for your student’s daily work are organized in groups of twenty lessons. These may be viewed, and you may download and print them. Answers for Lessons 1–160 may be purchased as a printed manual, but we recommend that you check the online version for the most current solutions. Corrections are occasionally required after answers have been printed, and the online Answer Keys will include any corrections. To provide the best support and most up-to-date information, we recommend visiting this site daily.

Calvert Education • Online Resources

05GCSA

xii

If you are privately enrolled at Calvert, you will be sent a user name and password. If you are enrolled through a school, the school will provide you with a URL address. To access your Learning Guide Portal, use the My Calvert website, or go to the homeschooling website and scroll to the bottom of the screen. Click on Learning Guide Portal Login under the For Parents section.

Passwords and Technical SupportUser names and passwords are confidential and should not be shared or used by anyone else. Keep your user name and password in a safe place. You may record your student’s user name and password here for easy reference.

Student user name _____________________________

Password _____________________________________

If you did not receive a user name and password for either the student or Learning Guide, or if the information has been misplaced, please contact Calvert Technical Support for assistance. Support is available Monday through Friday, from 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M. EST.

Calvert Technical Support1-800-288-7983410-785-3400techsupport@calvertservices.org

Calvert Education • Computer Skills and Applications

05GCSA

xiii

Computer Skills and Applications

IntroductionCalvert offers students a structured opportunity to develop the computer skills that have grown increasingly important for success in academic, workplace, and other real-world settings. In addition to such practical advantages, cultivating students’ computer literacy can also offer cognitive benefits that assist the pursuit of learning.

To provide an effective computer skills curriculum, Calvert has partnered with Learning .com to offer EasyTech, a comprehensive battery of online, animated, interactive skills lessons and activities. This provides hands-on exposure to widely used computer applications. Learning.com’s EasyTech lessons have been developed in accordance with the National Educational Technology Standards created by the International Society for Technology in Education.

Computer Health and Safety Calvert cares about the health and welfare of its students. Before beginning the Computer Skills lessons, you should thoroughly review Computer Health and Computer Safety in the Learning Guide Portal. The guidelines presented in the Computer Health section are intended to help your student develop ergonomically healthy work habits and to avoid discomfort caused by poor computer posture and repetitive stress. Among other tips, the Computer Safety section offers recommendations for protecting personal information when using the Internet. We hope these suggestions help you guide your student to make judicious, responsible decisions about computer use and to better enjoy the benefits of educational technology. Though useful, these suggestions are not intended as a substitute for the supervision and guidance of a trusted Learning Guide.

Using the Internet It is possible that online resources may occasionally be unavailable for short periods due to technical problems, site maintenance, or repair. We apologize in advance for this unavoidable inconvenience. Occasional Internet unavailability should not significantly impede your progress through the course. In the event that an online lesson is not available when you are scheduled to use it, please try again later in the day if possible, or reschedule the lesson for another day.

Role of the Learning Guide in Using TechnologyThe Learning Guide should keep in mind that students differ widely in their exposure to computers and technology and will, accordingly, require different degrees of support and assistance, particularly with challenging and unfamiliar vocabulary terms and concepts.

If you have not done so, you may wish to establish rules and guidelines for computer use at home, at the library, or in other locations. In addition, you should set up or locate a consistently available, comfortable computer workstation with seating and a computer work area sized proportionately to your student’s height. While your student is working at the computer, monitor his body language to ensure he is not showing signs of physical strain or visual fatigue. If your student struggles or seems tired, you may delay the lesson. Further information on these topics can be found in the Computer Health and Computer Safety sections in the Learning Guide Portal.

As you and your student work through the Computer Skills and Applications course, you will find that many of the skills are integrated with one particular application or assignment when they are first introduced. As you continue working in the course, you may find opportunities in

Calvert Education • Computer Skills and Applications

05GCSA

xiv

different assignments to reinforce skills that your student has already practiced. Encourage your student to use what he has learned to complete some of these assignments. In doing so, you will help your student to realize that the computer skills and processes he is learning have a wide range of applications.

Minimum System RequirementsThe Computer Skills and Applications course requires access to a computer system, including a monitor, mouse, and keyboard. To view the EasyTech online lessons, you will also need Internet access, including a modem and an account with an Internet service provider. As the online lessons contain spoken dialogue, your computer should be equipped with speakers or headphones. Access to a printer is suggested but not required.

The lessons in the Computer Skills and Applications course have been written using a Windows-based operating system and an Internet Explorer web browser. If you use a Macintosh operating system and/or a Firefox browser, you can still access all of the information and complete the lessons, but the interface may look different. When specific instructions are given in the lessons, you will have to adapt them to fit your computer.

Technical Specifications For the online EasyTech lessons to work properly, your computer must meet minimum system requirements. These requirements can be found on the Learning Guide Portal under Computer Resources.

Software This Computer Skills and Applications course introduces students to the use of word processing software, which allows users to create, type, save, and print documents. Microsoft Word and Corel WordPerfect are two examples of widely used word processing software programs.

If you do not own a word processing software program, there are some free sources available. If you need assistance identifying these sources, please contact the Calvert Education Counselors for assistance. Another option is to use a computer at a library or other community centers to complete these assignments.

Calvert Education • Computer Skills and Applications

05GCSA

xv

How to Use EasyTech LessonsYour student can access the EasyTech online lessons in his My Calvert portal. The links are located in the online lesson manual.

The screen will display a link to the Computer Skills and Applications course in which your student is enrolled. He must complete the online lessons in order. If applicable, the screen will also display a link to appropriate prerequisite online lessons. Prerequisite online lessons review important foundational skills and may be viewed at any time and in any order.

Clicking on either link will display a list of the individual online lessons available to your student. To select a lesson, click on START and the opening screen of the lesson will appear.

EasyTech® is a registered trademark of Learning .com . EasyTech® lessons, characters, screen shots, and activities are used by permission and licensed by Learning .com .

Selected activities have been modified by Calvert, but remain the property of Learning .com . Windows, Internet Explorer, Outlook, Excel, Access, PowerPoint, Word, Works, Paint, Publisher, and Photo Editor

are either trademarks or registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation .

Calvert Education • Student Assessments

05GCSA

xvi

Student Assessments

As Learning Guide, it is your responsibility to administer and supervise all tests. Calvert provides two types of tests to evaluate a student’s progress: Calvert Test Series and Advisory Teaching Service tests.

Calvert Test SeriesPurchased separately from the full course, each grade-level test in the Calvert Test Series includes eight tests with answer keys. Tests that correspond to your Math manual are purchased separately. Test questions are objective: multiple choice, matching, fill-in-the-blank, and short answer.

These tests are to be graded by the Learning Guide and not sent to Calvert. A Certificate of Completion is not available with the Calvert Test Series.

Advisory Teaching Service TestsTests accompanying this course are prepared for students using the Advisory Teaching Service (ATS), which may be purchased separately. Even if your student is not enrolled in this service, he is still welcome to use the tests. However, Calvert does not publish answers to these tests. If you prefer to administer tests that come with an answer key, you will want to order the Calvert Test Series. (See the previous section on the Calvert Test Series for more information.)

Students enrolled in ATS should submit one set of tests every twenty lessons. Tests are scored and progress is evaluated by an Advisory Teacher. Upon successful completion of the course, Calvert issues a Certificate of Completion to your student. Transcripts of grades are available upon request. Follow carefully the directions for administering and mailing tests if you use the Advisory Teaching Service. Note: If you must send more than one test at a time, please contact a Calvert Education Counselor at 1-888-487-4652.

A student may enroll in ATS anytime before the first test (Test Lesson 20). The enrollment fee may be sent with the first set of test papers. For more information about ATS, please see the Tests for use with the Advisory Teaching Service that you received with the course or call Calvert Education Services at 1-888-487-4652.

Directions for Administering TestsYou should administer all tests, observing the following rules:

1. You should not put marks of any kind on test papers unless otherwise directed.2. Test questions must not be shown to or discussed with your student unless otherwise

directed.3. No help is permitted during the test except an explanation of the meaning of questions.4. Unless specified, your student should not use any lesson materials, including textbooks,

during testing.5. When separate paper is used to answer test questions, your student must complete the following:

• Write his name on the paper.• Write the lesson number in the upper right-hand corner.• Write the subject name at the top.• Write the answer number or letter corresponding to each question.• He should not copy the question.

Calvert Education • Student Assessments

05GCSA

xvii

Advisory Teaching Service Test Guidelines(applicable only to students enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service)

Students enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service send in tests every twentieth lesson for grading and suggestions. Tests are mailed one set at a time to provide your student the opportunity to incorporate feedback and suggestions from his Advisory Teacher into the next set of lessons. For Calvert to provide you and your student with the best and most efficient service, we ask that you please do the following before placing the test papers in the envelope for mailing:

• Gather all required test papers as directed. Be sure to include all the parts of each test lesson. • Check that your student has followed all test directions exactly as given.• Check that all papers are written so that they can be easily read.• Check that your student has put his first and last name on each page.• Arrange the test papers so that all papers for each subject are in order. Do not staple papers

or use paper clips. • Put no additional marks of any kind on test papers unless otherwise instructed.• Trim the rough edges of the test pages.• Place all test papers in the envelope supplied for this purpose. (See Frequently Asked

Questions for information about envelopes.)• Write your student’s name on the outside envelope flap and send it to Calvert or follow the

procedures for Express ATS on the following page.

If your student is not enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service, please do not send papers to Calvert.

Important: While there is no due date for each set of tests for students using the Advisory Teaching Service, Calvert expects a student to complete the course within twelve months . Tests should be submitted at regular intervals . If a student needs more than one year to complete the course, you must write to Calvert Education Services and provide a full explanation of the need for the requested extension .

Certificate of Completion(applicable only to students enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service)

Calvert awards a completion certificate to students enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service who satisfactorily complete all eight tests with no failures. One make-up test per test is allowed in case of a failure. Calvert reserves the right to withhold a certificate if, in the opinion of the Advisory Teacher and the Manager of Student Services, the work does not meet Calvert standards.

Calvert Education • Express ATS

05GCSA

xviii

Express ATS

Students enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service may submit test materials to Calvert electronically. This service utilizes scanning technology to eliminate the need to mail paper tests, saving postage and negating the possibility of tests being lost in the mail. The requirements for this service are as follows:

FormatTo participate in this service, you must be able to scan and convert documents into Adobe Acrobat format (PDF). Some scanners have the capability to save documents directly in PDF format; however, if your scanner does not, you may refer to the Adobe Acrobat website for information on software that will accomplish this task for you. Visit http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat for more information.

File Submission and LabelingThe Express ATS program utilizes black-and-white copies of the Advisory Teaching Service tests. These may be downloaded from the Learning Guide Portal on My Calvert. Do not use the colored pages from the Tests booklet. If it is not possible for you to combine the test pages into a single document, you may send multiple PDF files in a single e-mail. Files should always be labeled clearly, noting the test number and, if needed, the page number (ex., “Test 60 Page 1”). Please ensure that all pages of the test are submitted; do not send incomplete tests or parts of tests, unless you are submitting retests.

Legibility Student writing must be legible, clear, and dark enough to produce a clearly-scanned document. Calvert’s Records Department will verify that the scanned test is properly prepared before assigning it to an Advisory Teacher. If it is not acceptable, the Records Department will e-mail a request that the paper test be sent by mail.

Submitting the First Test1. Scan the Student Information Questionnaire and all parts of Test Lesson 20, converting

all documents into PDF format. This submission must also include all additional work your student has completed. If the work is completed in another format, including a word processing program, it must be printed and scanned as a PDF file. Before scanning tests, ensure that spelling tests, compositions, and any other pieces of your student’s work are placed first, followed by the test pages in their correct order. All files must be labeled so that the page numbers and/or page sequence of the document are clearly indicated. If you have any difficulty scanning the documents, please contact our Technical Support department at 1-800-288-7983 for assistance.

2. E-mail the Student Information Questionnaire, all parts of Test Lesson 20, and any supplemental work as an attachment to records_email@calvertservices.org. Include your student’s full name and the test number in the subject line of the e-mail.

3. If the scanned test is satisfactory, the Records Department will assign an Advisory Teacher who will remain with the student for the duration of the course.

4. The graded test and a personal letter with grading comments from the Advisory Teacher will be returned to you by e-mail in approximately five business days.

Subsequent tests will be submitted and graded according to this procedure throughout the school year.

Calvert Education • Course Materials

05GCSA

xix

Course Materials

In the Calvert BoxGrammar/Composition/Spelling Lesson Manual Part A

• Lessons 1–80• Appendix• Tests 20–80

Grammar/Composition/Spelling Lesson Manual Part B

• Lessons 81–160• Appendix• Tests 100–160

TextbooksGrammar:

Grammar & Usage

Spelling:Everyday Spelling

Online ResourcesMy Calvert

Calvert i-Library

Grade Book

Online Lesson Manuals

BrainPOP

Calvert Mastery Series: Spelling

Checkpoints

Discovery Education Videos

Instructional Videos

Learning.com EasyTech Lessons

Practice Tests (ATS only)

Web Guide

Learning Guide PortalAnswer Keys

Computer Health and Safety Guidelines

Grade Book

Tests (Express ATS)

Calvert Education • Course Survey

05GCSA

xx

Course Survey

SPELLING• Spell long/short vowel sounds, consonant clusters/blends (sk, sp, st, ng, nk), vowel

diphthongs (oi, oy, ow, ou, ew, oo, au), r-controlled vowels (ar, ur, our, air, are, ear, eer), and silent letter combinations (kn, mb, gh).

• Identify and spell prefixes (dis-, un-, mid-, pre-), suffixes (-s, -es, -ed, -ing, -er, -est, -able, -ible, -ant, -ent, -ous, -ion, -ation), compound words, contractions, homophones, and possessives.

• Classify spelling words to put them in groups.

• Use context clues to identify spelling words and complete writing assignments.

• Identify analogies, inferences, antonyms, synonyms, homographs, alliterations, and rhyming words.

• Use a dictionary and a thesaurus; recognize spelling, punctuation, and capitalization errors in written material; recognize syllabication rules.

GRAMMAR• Identify action verbs, verbs of being, and verb phrases; identify the present, past, and future

tense of the verb to be; recognize verb tense and phrases; use irregular verbs.

• Identify contractions.

• Identify conjunctions.

• Identify prepositions and prepositional phrases; differentiate between prepositions and adverbs.

• Identify common and proper nouns and articles.

• Identify direct objects and subject complements.

• Identify pronouns including personal, object, subject, indefinite, interrogative, and possessive; use subject pronouns as subject complements; demonstrate the correct usage of subject and object pronouns.

• Construct the possessive of singular and plural nouns.

• Define and use adjectives and adverbs in writing; identify nouns as adjectives in sentences; distinguish between limiting and demonstrative adjectives; use adjectives as subject complements.

• Demonstrate knowledge of the rules of capitalization and punctuation, including question marks, exclamation points, and apostrophes.

• Write conversations with appropriate punctuation.

• Proofread writing for errors in punctuation, capitalization, spelling, and grammar usage.

• Classify a sentence as declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory; identify the parts of a sentence, including simple and complete subjects and predicates.

• Determine if a group of words is a sentence or a fragment; differentiate inverted sentence order from standard sentence order; write sentences in inverted order and identify the subject of the sentence; differentiate between a subject and direct object in a sentence.

Calvert Education • Course Survey

05GCSA

xxi

• Recognize and write correct usage of negatives in a sentence.

• Identify sentence patterns for verbs of being with subject complements.

• Diagram subjects, verbs, articles, direct objects, subject complements (predicate nominatives), pronouns, and adverbs.

COMPOSITION• Brainstorm ideas; create graphic organizers including web planners, pyramid planners,

sequence chains, story maps, Venn diagrams, outlines, and story boards.

• Develop compositions using the writing process including prewriting, drafting, editing, revising, and publishing.

• Compose paragraphs with topic sentences, supporting details, and concluding sentences.

• Compose written pieces two to four paragraphs in length, a friendly letter, personal narrative, poems, and stories.

• Compose expository paragraphs, summaries, multi-paragraph expository compositions, a book report, a comparison/contrast composition, and a research report.

• Edit and proofread compositions for spelling, punctuation, and capitalization; proofread for completeness of sentences, topic sentences, and correct paragraphing.

• Revise for sentence structure and fluency, vivid verbs and adjectives, and figurative language; evaluate compositions for completeness and flow.

• Publish a selection of original compositions, including a descriptive paragraph, a personal narrative, expository essays, a letter, a descriptive essay, and a research report.

COMPUTER SKILLS• Use word processing and keyboard skills.

• Use bullets.

• Insert pictures.

• Cut and paste.

• Use alignment features.

• Insert page breaks.

• Select font style and color.

• Proofread and edit.

• Set page orientation.

• Set margins.

• Add headers and footers.

• Use Print Preview.

• Incorporate text and graphics.

Calvert Education • Frequently Asked Questions

05GCSA

xxii

Frequently Asked Questions

What if I have a question about the curriculum? Whom can I contact?Calvert is dedicated to its students’ continued success. Our experienced Education Counselors are ready to answer questions, offer support and encouragement, and provide suggestions for students using our courses. The Counselors are available toll-free at 1-888-487-4652 between 8:00 A.M. and 5:30 P.M. EST, Monday through Friday, or through live chat found on the My Calvert site. You can also contact them by e-mail anytime at edcounselors@calvertservices.org.

How do I contact Calvert by mail?Please address all letters to:

Calvert Education Services, LLC . 10713 Gilroy Road Suite B Hunt Valley, MD 21031

Do not address letters to any individual teacher or member of the business staff. When the Advisory Teaching Service (ATS) is used, orders, checks, and letters pertaining to business matters should not be enclosed with your student’s lessons except when enrolling in the Advisory Teaching Service at Test Lesson 20. Then it is acceptable to enclose the credit card number or check and the Enrollment Form with Test Lesson 20.

How do I send my first ATS Test?A yellow envelope and a student questionnaire can be found in the box with your course materials. Complete the questionnaire and send it along with the Test Lesson 20 and corresponding papers in the yellow envelope. Be sure to include all the parts.

Upon receipt of the questionnaire and Test Lesson 20, your student will be assigned an Advisory Teacher who will send the envelopes you will need for mailing the remainder of the tests, along with a personalized evaluation and encouragement letters to the Learning Guide and student.

When is my student eligible to receive a Certificate of Completion?Calvert awards a Certificate of Completion to students enrolled in the Advisory Teaching Service who satisfactorily complete all eight tests. A make-up test is required in case of a failure in any subject in any test. Calvert reserves the right to withhold a certificate if, in the opinion of the Advisory Teacher and the Manager of Student Services, the work does not measure up to Calvert standards. Transcripts are available upon request for grades 1–8. Note: A student may enroll in the Advisory Teaching Service any time before Test Lesson 20. The placement test may be downloaded directly from the Calvert website at homeschool.calverteducation.com. The enrollment fee for ATS should be sent with the first set of test papers.

Calvert Education • Frequently Asked Questions

05GCSA

xxiii

What should I do if I find a mistake in the manual?Despite all our work to prevent mistakes, an occasional error may be found in our manuals. You may contact an Education Counselor, send a note to your Advisory Teacher, or contact us by e-mail at edcounselors@calvertservices.org. Significant corrections will be listed in the Curriculum Updates RSS Feed inside your Online Lesson Manual.

How can I get a transcript of my student’s grades?Contact Calvert by calling 410-785-3400 or toll-free at 1-888-487-4652 or by writing to: Calvert Education Services, LLC., 10713 Gilroy Road, Suite B, Hunt Valley, MD 21031. Be sure to include your student’s full name and the name and address where the transcript is to be sent.