Grammar Book

By: Kipa Saeger-Barnes

Table of Contents 1. Nationalities 2. Stem changing verbs 3. Para 4. Indirect object pronouns 5. Pronoun Placement 6. Gustar 7. Affirmitive and negative words 8. Superlatives 9. Reflexives 10. Affirmative tu commands/ irregular/ pronoun placement 11. Negative tu commands/ irregular/ pronoun placement12. Sequencing events

Stem Changing Verbs O UE E IE E I U UE

Dormir MoverPoderVolver Costar Encontrar Recordar

Pensar Cerrar Empezar Comenzar PerderEntenderQuererPreferir

Pedir ServirVestirse Repetir

Jugar

Duermo Dormimos

Duermes

Duerme Duermen

Pienso Pensamos

Piensas

Piensa Piensan

Pido Pendimos

Pides

Pide Piden

Juego Jugamos

Juegas

Juegas Juegan

Para

• One of the most common preposition in the Spanish language

• usually means "for" • other uses for para: • Indicates purpose • indicates destination or location

Indirect object pronouns Me (Yo)

Te (Tu)

Le (El, Ella, Usted)

Nos (Nosotros)

Les (Ellos, Ellas,

Ustedes)

Pronoun Placement

1. Attach the pronoun to an infinitive

2. Attach the pronoun to a progressive tense

3. Place the pronoun before a conjugated verb

Gustar

Gustar

Me Gusta

Les Gusta

Nos Gusta

Le Gusta

Te Gusta Gustar

Me Gustan

Les Gustan

Nos Gustan

Le Gustan

Te Gustan

Affirmative and negative words Affirmitives

Algo: something

Alguien: someone

Algun: some

Siempre: always

Tambien: also

Negative

Nada: nothing

Nadie: no one

Ningun: none

Nunca: never

Tampoco: neither, either

Superlatives

• used to express extremes • add to an adjectives or adverbs • example: Rico= Riquisimo

If the word ends in "C": change it to "qu"If the word ends in "G": change it to "gu"If the word ends in "Z": change it to "c"If the word ends in "R": add "cisimo"

Reflexives

The person doing the action is receiving the action

Reflexive Verbs

Before and after the conjugated verb:

Me quiero levantar temprano Quiero levantarme temprano

Affirmative Commands and Irregular

Di

Haz

Ve Pon

Sal

Se Ten

Ven

Negative Commands and Irregular

No Tengas

No Vengas

No Digas No Voyas

No Seas

No Hagas No Estes

No Sebas

Sequencing Events

Antes de/Despues de

Primero

Entonces

Luego/Despues

Por Fin