Graham ArmstrongChairman: Organic Finishing Group; IMFTechnical Sales Manager; Indestructible

Paint Ltd

Current Product Types• Organic Paints and Coatings

Including: Epoxy ; Polyurethane; Acrylic; Silicon; Silicate; Polyimides; blends and others.

• Inorganic and Sacrificial Coatings; Diffusion and Ceramic Products

• Dry Film Lubricants • Intumescents/ ”Thermal Barriers “• Primer-filler Coatings for

Composites

Typically, Coatings Must Resist:• High Heat: >500-600oC• High Chemical Attack: Skydrol ; de

icers etc• Erosion: Rain & Particle• Corrosion• Heat & Thermal Conductivity• Fuel and Lubricants

Aero Turbine Engines

Front EndCommercial: 600mph air speedTemperature: -50oC to 50-60oC

Erosion Resistance:

Rain ErosionHail Erosion

Sand ErosionUV Radiation

Flexible Elastomerics

2 Component Urethanes

Baking Modified Epoxies & Silicone Epoxy Melamines

A – Frame (in Gas Stream)Commercial: 600mph air speedTemperature: -50oC to 50-60oC

Erosion Resistance:

Rain ErosionHail Erosion

Sand ErosionUV Radiation

Silicone Epoxy MelamineErosion Coating (PL205)

Low Pressure CompressorStators & Blades

Erosion Resistance:

Rain ErosionHail Erosion

Sand ErosionUV Erosion

Silicone Epoxy MelamineErosion Coating (PL205)

Corrosion & Temperature

Resistance (300oC)HT Aluminium Baking

Sacrificial Aluminium Slurry

Coatings

High Pressure Compressor50 atmospheres (500psi)

Corrosion Temperature

Resistance (500oC)

Sacrificial Aluminium Slurry Coatings

Turbine

Very High TemperatureSulphidation Attack

Sour Gas Atmosphere(Industrial)

Corrosion

Diffusion CoatingsCeramic coatings

Shaft; single; double or treble shaft engines

CorrosionOil Resistance

Varying Temperature

HT Aluminium Baking Finishes

Sacrificial Aluminium Slurry

Coatings

Dry Film LubricationBlade Roots

Varying Temperature Requirements

Corrosion Resistance

Baking Epoxy & Silicone-Epoxy Resin base;

MoS2; graphite lubricant

Inorganic silicate resin; boron nitride

lubricant

Fan Case

Corrosion ResistanceFluids Resistance

Baking Epoxy Primer(Chromate Containing)

Front End-Nacelle

Flying Luggage Crates

Impact & Erosion

Resistance

Engine Casings

CorrosionFluid ResistanceHeat Resistance

Aluminium Castings2 Component Epoxy

Primer (Cr + Cr free) &

2 Component Epoxy Finish

Magnesium CastingsBaking Epoxy Sealant;

2 Component Epoxy Primer

(Cr + Cr free) &2 Component Epoxy Finish

Aero Ancillaries

Undercarriage Components

Struts & Legs

Cadmium PlatingBaking Epoxy Primer +

Finish

2 Component Epoxy Primer (Cr or Cr free) + 2 Component PU Finishes

AxlesCadmium Plating

Now MCAC

Wheels and Brakes

Wheels2 Component Epoxy

Primer (Cr or Cr free)2 component PU Finishes

Braking Components1 component Cr or Cr

free Primer

Nacelles etc

2 component epoxy Cr primer + 2 component PU

Finish

Elastomeric Coating on

Spinner

The Effect on Coatings Development

Client IssuesIncreased

Performance RequirementsTemperature

Corrosion ResistanceChemical ResistanceAbrasion ResistanceIncreased Operating Times(Reduced Maintenance)

Reduced Production Costs

Easier ApplicationReduced Curing Temps/TimesSafer ProductsLess Storage Issues

IncreasingPerformance Requirements• Corrosion Resistance

• Cyclic Corrosion• Temperature

Resistance

• Fluids & Chemical Resistance

• Erosion & Abrasion Resistance

• Steam Resistance

• 1000 Hours + HSS ASTM B-117

• Prohesion >10 Cycles• Increasing up to

800oC ++• 350hrs + in tri-n-butyl

phosphate @ >70oC• Rain & particle erosion

• 760oC @ 350bar

Environmental/Legislative IssuesREACH

SVHC’sOngoing Restrictions

Solvents Directive

HAPSGHS

CrVI EliminationCrIII EliminationVOC Reduction/

Elimination

Product AvailabilityRaw Material Withdrawal

i. REACHii. Other H+S Problemsiii. No Longer Viable Commercially

TechnicallyResource

Processing IssuesReduced Manufacturing Costs

Processing Restrictions & ControlsCoatings ApplicationCoatings Manufacture

Pre-Treatment Systems

Chrome Free Alternatives to Existing Systems for Magnesium; Aluminium and

Other Alloys

Thin Film “Conversion” Coatings

• Sol Gels• Polysiloxanes• Anodic Cr Free Processes

Organic CoatingsUltra Low VOC Coatings and/or water basedChromate free anti-corrosive primers (but

with performance equal or better than current Cr containing)

Toxic Emission Free IntumescentsSmoke Free Flame Retardant Coatings

Increased Chemical PerformanceHigher Temperature Resistance

Inorganic CoatingsTotal Elimination of ChromeSmoother Surface Finishes

Improved AirflowsEasier Application ParametersReduced Curing Temperatures for New

Grades of AlloysRevised Chemical & Corrosion ResistanceIncreased Temperature Performance

Formulation IssuesNano

Performance Advances

Methods of IncorporationCost Implications

Health & Safety IssuesEnvironmental Issues

Double Edge Requirements:

•Increased Performance Requirements

•Legislative/Environmental/Client/Use Issues

THESE CAN FIGHT EACH OTHER BUT NEED TO BE INCLUSIVE

Any Questions?