GRADE CONTROL. STABILIZE HEADCUTS FIRST, THEN WORRY ABOUT BANK INSTABILITY SECOND.

GRADE CONTROL

STABILIZE HEADCUTS FIRST,

THEN WORRY ABOUT BANK INSTABILITY

SECOND

LOOSE STONE ENGINEERED

ROCKED RIFFLES ON BIG CREEK, UNION COUNTY,

IL

WAYNE KINNEY’S REALLY TALL

ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLES (ERR)

CASE STUDY: ERR #12, WHICH IS A 4.7 FT TALL

STRUCTURE

DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION

OVERSIGHT BY WAYNE KINNEY,

PREZ., MIDWEST STREAMS, INC. OAKDALE, IL.

Mini case study: 1 of 10

A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. {rural, sand-gravel, pool-

riffle-pool, meandering, incised} Designed by Wayne Kinney

Photo by Derrick 2/7/2007

Looking DS at the 4.7 ft tall Engineered Rocked Riffle

in the proper location in the crossing between two

bends


PoolPool

Key

Bank protection

Key

ERR

Bank protection

Glide

A 4.7 ft tall ERR, Big Creek, Union County, IL. Designed by Wayne Kinney


Looking at the key, flow right to left. US ERR slope is angle of repose, DS ERR slope is 20 to 1.




Key is dug 3 ft deep into substrate & up each bank. Stone is IL-DOT RR5-well-

graded stone with a top size of 400 pounds.




Looking DS. Uniform 20 to 1 slope, roughness dissipates energy &

assists in fish passage.




Flood flow crested 5 ft above banks (30 ft over the crest of

the ERR) with no damage




Looking US at the 4.7 ft tall Engineered

Rocked Riffle





Looking US. A thing of beauty!! Stone was track-walked to increase stability



Looking US. Structure roughness, eddy fences, pools & edge boundary layers aid fish passage



Looking US, note riprap

bank protection.


AN ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE

FLOW

4

1

201

Largest stones are placed near crest and on downstream face but must be well-choked.

Upstream face is in compression (due to flow)

AN ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE

FLOW

Physical model tests @ Colorado State University showed that the highest shear stress starts at the crest & goes for a

distance of 1/6 of the downstream face length.

Newbury says the backwater should be 1/3 the total height of the structure to dissipate energy & pass sediment through the system.

ENGINEERED ROCK RIFFLES WITH ALL STONES IN

COMPRESSION TWO TYPES OF COMPRESSION A: END TO END (typically track-

walked in) B: IMBRICATE (to place in overlapping

order like roof shingles)

ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLES WITH STONE IN

END-TO-END COMPRESSION, SAND CREEK,

KANOPOLIS, KS.

SAND CREEK @ THE FOOT OF KANOPOLIS DAM,

KANSAS LET’S BUILD ENGINEERED

ROCKED RIFFLE #5 WITH ALL STONES IN END TO END

COMPRESSION (track-walked in)

Dig pool

Pre-dig & over dig pool

Key

Bank protection

Glide

Key

ERR

Vegetation

Typical Engineered

Rocked Riffle (ERR)

Dig pool

Pre-dig & over dig pool

Key

Bank protection

Glide

Key

ERR

Vegetation not planted in Sand Cr. ERR #5-too close to toe of

damBank protection

Building the downstream sloped section of the ERR.

CONSTRUCTION-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 7-14-2008

Flow Profile view

STONE ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE (ERR) FOR GRADE & HEADCUT STABILIZATION

101

Downstream toe trench will be dug

next

Digging the DS trench for the ERR.


Looking across & DS. Stone in place but loose (not in compression)


Track walking so that stone is in end-to-end compression


Close-up of sloped section of ERR #5-stones in compression


Flow left to right, looking @ completed ERR #5. Very smooth. Keyed into both banks, but more so on the dam side, any key

failure needs to be away from the dam.


7 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT

COMPLETIONPhoto by

Garold Sneegas February 3, 2009

Happy fish in Sand Creek due to increase in water depths due to the ERR

7 MONTHS LATER-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY GAROLD SNEEGAS 2-3-09

8 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT

COMPLETION Photo by DerrickAPRIL 11, 2009

8 MONTHS LATER-Looking @ ERR #5.

8 MONTHS LATER-SAND CREEK-KANOPOLIS, KS. PIX BY DERRICK 4-11-09

“BLOCKY”, SQUARE, ODD-SHAPED, OR

RECTANGULAR SHAPED STONES ARE BETTER FOR

END-TO-END COMPRESSION

ERR over a sewer line on Cattaraugus Cr.@ Hurdville Rd Bridge. Stones in compression-most edge to edge

Pix by Derrick 11/2007

NYSDOT ROAD PROTECTION FOR ROUTE 248 – CHENUNDA CREEK, {suburban, gravel-cobble,

pool-riffle-pool, meandering} SOUTH OF WELLSVILLE, NY

CONSTRUCTED SEPTEMBER 2006.

An ERR with integrated fish ladder !!


Chenunda Creek, Willing, NY. Post construction 1/9/2007. Looking across at a 2-ft tall steep-sloped Engineered Rocked Riffle {ERR} with integrated

fish passage ladder (ladder on far side of stream). ERR constructed of DOT Heavy {1,200 lb, max weight} stone, all stones set in compression.

Pix By Derrick Mini case study: 2 of 8

“SLABBY” FLAT STONES ARE BETTER FOR IMBRICATED

COMPRESSION

IMBRICATED (SHINGLED FLAT STONE) ENGINEERED ROCKED RIFFLE WITH INTEGRATED FISH LADDER

Compression forces are transferred into the ground

Flow

Construction starts @ DS end. Dig trench. Place slabby stone in DS section of trench at angle shown with B {middle} axis parallel to flow,

then stack stones in compression until crest elevation is reached.

Post Construction 1/9/2007. Looking US at the ERR. Nice pool for fish passage along left bank

Pix by Derrick Mini case study: 3 of 8

INTEGRATED FISH LADDER

Flow

At least two layers of stones are set in compression to form a pool on the downstream face of the ERR

Water surface elevation

Post Construction 1/9/2007. Looking US & across, close-up of the fish ladder pool. Fish can burst to pool, then rest.


Post Construction 1/9/2007. Looking across. Note nice “flat” water in fish ladder pool

This is a work of art !!


LOW LOW LOW FLOW 13 MONTHS AFTER

CONSTRUCTIONPhotos by Dave Derrick

OCTOBER 15, 2007

13 Months LATER-low flow. Looking across @ fish ladder. Many stones are underwater.

Pix by Derrick 10/15/2007

GRADE CONTROL STRUCTURES ALWAYS ALWAYS NEED BANK

PROTECTION (usually the steepest slope &

highest velocities in the entire stream)

Looking US @ Oatka Cr., both banks failing at ERR.

Pix by Dave Derrick 5/6/2008

Looking US @ ERR, inadequate bank protection, Oatka Cr.


Looking US @ bank failing @ ERR on Oatka Cr., NY.


There is great info available on Newbury Rocked Riffles

• TAKE A BOB NEWBURY CLASS!!! • http://ouc.collegestoreonline.com/• http://www.newbury-hydraulics.com/workshops.htm• Bob Newbury’s out-of-print “Stream Analysis & Fish Habitat Design Manual” is available

at ftp://ftp.lgl.com/pub/ under ‘Stream Analysis.pdf’

When constructing a series of Newbury RR Bob always puts a NRR “at grade” (buried) at the DS end of the project to protect against DS headcuts, max height of a NRR is 1.5 ft, and Bob always puts a tailwater of 1/3 the total height of the upstream NRR on the upstream NRR. This provides energy dissipation into the tailwater pool, & provides sediment continuity (sediment does not deposit between NRR’s and the stream does not meander and flank the DS NRR )

SWAN CREEK DAM FISH PASSAGE MITIGATION

PROJECT @ HIGHLAND PARKTOLEDO, OHIO

PROJECT CONSTRUCTED AUGUST 2008

TWO BIG TRACK-WALKED ENGINEERED ROCKED

RIFFLES WITH INTEGRATED

MEANDERING FISHWAYS SWAN CREEK @

HIGHLAND PARK, TOLEDO, OH

DAM MITIGATION ON SWAN CREEK @ HIGHLAND PARK, TOLEDO, OHIO

This ERR designed to back water up over the existing dam.

Dam

Flow

Engineered Rocked Riffles (ERR) in series used to mitigate the vertical drop over a concrete dam. This is a

constructed pool-riffle-pool configuration. Both sloped at 20 to 1 to provide fish passage. Both have integrated meandering fishways to further facilitate fish passage.

Looking US @ the Highland Park Dam & South Street bridge.

PRE-PROJECT-SWAN CREEK @ HIGHLAND PARK DAM PIX-DERRICK 8-20-2008

Looking across @ the 80 ft wide roughed-in ERR.

CONSTRUCTION-SWAN CREEK @ HIGHLAND PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 8-2008

Five inch choke stone has been placed within the large stone.


THE LOW FLOW FISH PASSAGE CHANNELS ON THE UPSTREAM ENGINEERED ROCKED

RIFFLE (ERR)

From bridge, looking DS @ the right low flow channel


From bridge, looking down @ right low flow channel.


Looking US @ the left meandering low flow channel on the US ERR. Two channels were constructed in case one got blocked by debris.

CONSTRUCTION-SWAN CREEK @ HIGHLAND PIX BY CHERI BLAIR 8-2008

From bridge looking at both meandering low flow channels.


DON’T TOP-CHOKE STONE WITH WELL-SORTED

STONE (same size stone,

in this case 5” stone)

Riffles with an abundance of 5 inch choke stone do not provide many hiding areas or edge of stone roughness.


THIS IS MUCH BETTER WITH A WELL-GRADED 6

TO 12 INCH STONE

Looking @ a pool & riffle within one of the low flow channels. Larger stones provide roughness & refugia.


Live Pole vegetation integrated into the bank

stabilization of an Engineered Rocked Riffle

SWAN CREEK, HIGHLAND PARKTOLEDO, OHIO

Blue River 65% Plans – Sheet S-502

Live Siltation-Slope bank to final grade, place willow, dogwood, or other appropriate adventitious rooting live

poles on bank, density 3 poles per ft., then place filter stone, then riprap. Poles should be 2/3 buried.

Construction sequence detailed in Slides 3-12

CONSTRUCTION PHOTOS OF THE

VEGETATED RIGHT BANK STREAMBANK

PROTECTION FOR THE ENGINEERED ROCKED

RIFFLE

Carrying bundles of adventitious poles across ERR.


Looking DS. Poles are laid against right bank dirt.


Looking DS. Butt ends of poles in water.


Hoe is pulling soil toward river, pole will be closer to vertical


Note poles DS are closer to vertical.


Looking DS. Choke stone functions as filter & bank stabilization.


Large stone protection in place, then choked again with 5” stone


1 YEAR LATER-Looking DS @ right bank plantings on the DS ERR

1 YEAR LATER-SWAN CR. @ HIGHLAND PARK–DERRICK-7-13-2009

This PowerPoint presentation was developed & built by Dave Derrick.

Any questions or comments, call my personal cell @ 601-218-7717, or email @ [email protected]

Enjoy the information!!

mailto:[email protected]

There is great info available on

Newbury Rocked Riffles• TAKE A BOB NEWBURY CLASS!!! • http://ouc.collegestoreonline.com/• http://www.newbury-hydraulics.com/workshops.htm• Bob Newbury’s out-of-print “Stream Analysis & Fish Habitat Design Manual” is available at

ftp://ftp.lgl.com/pub/ under ‘Stream Analysis.pdf’

When constructing a series of Newbury RR Bob always puts a NRR “at grade” (buried) at the DS end of the project to protect against DS headcuts, max height of a NRR is 1.5 ft, and Bob always puts a tailwater of 1/3 the total height of the upstream NRR on the upstream NRR. This provides energy dissipation into the tailwater pool, but also provides sediment continuity (sediment does not deposit between NRR’s and the stream does not meander and flank the DS NRR )

GRADE CONTROL. STABILIZE HEADCUTS FIRST, THEN WORRY ABOUT BANK INSTABILITY SECOND.

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Transcript of GRADE CONTROL. STABILIZE HEADCUTS FIRST, THEN WORRY ABOUT BANK INSTABILITY SECOND.