1

GPRS BASED MONITORING SYSTEM USING IMAGE SENSOR

J.Surendiran1, R.Sridhar

2,Rajiv arya

3

Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering1, 2

Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering3

CMR Engineering College1, 2, 3

, Hyderabad

Email: Surenjaya1981@gmail.com1, Sridharshi518@gmail.com

2, Rajeev.arya.iit@gmail.com3

,

Abstract—At present the intelligent security and monitoring system has become one of the fast developing areas in the applied electronics world. Monitoring the present situation for the purpose of security protection is a very important phenomenon in the day today activities. Most of the monitoring system is working based on information provided by the relevant sensors. A sophisticated monitoring system is required to visualize the current situation for this purpose. Visualization is playing a vital role in most of the applications than sensors information. Wireless communication is the best way to connect remote user with the system. To achieve low cost solution, the information should be transferred through the available network.GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) network is the available low cost solution in wireless communication for connecting the system and user. GSM based security and monitoring systems are working using SMS (Short Message Service). This paper explains about capturing the present situation as image using low cost camera module and then transferring that image to the user mobile equipment through GSM network and also storing it in micro SD (Secured Digital)memory device for redundancy.

Index Terms—GPRS Modem, wireless Image

transfer. Remote monitoring, surveillance

camera, Micro SD memory storage

I. INTRODUCTION

Currently, most of the monitoring systems that

are used for security protection is working in wired

network within the limited operating range. When

monitoring information is transferred to the user

who is located remotely from the system,

transmission cost increased. Wireless technology

has some remarkable benefits like easy in

installation, maintenance and reduce the system

cost for small operating range. If the operating

range is extended through dedicated

communication channel to connect remote user,

system cost will increase rapidly.

GSM network is the existing wireless network, it

covers vast area. This kind of systems should have

following features: real time operation, remote

control, vast coverage, low cost, low power

consumption, easy installation and compatibility

with existing user equipment.

II. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

The functional block diagram of proposed

system is shown in fig.1. It has low cost camera

module which is used to capture the real situation

in the resolution of 640x480 pixels. This camera

module has built-in image compression engine is

called JPEG (Joint Picture Expert Group) CODEC

(Coder/Decoder). It has higher compression ratio

and better image quality. This feature eliminates

external RAM (Random Access Memory)

hardware for image compression.

JPEG Camera

Micro SD

ARM 7

GPRS

Module

Fig 1.Functional block diagram of GPRS based

monitoring system using image sensor

The SIM900 is a complete Quad-band GSM/GPRS

solution in a SMT (Surface Mount Technology)

module which is embedded in this application.

This device is operated through serial interface

RS-232 protocol using AT (attention)

commands[5]. It is capable of sending image up to

300KB.MicroSD (Secured Digital) memory is a

low cost memory device, which is used as a storage

International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 119 No. 12 2018, 14387-14392ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.ijpam.euSpecial Issue ijpam.eu

14387

2

device for saving the image taken by the camera.

LPC2148 ARM7 processor is functioning as

master device which controls other hardware

modules. This processor has two UART (Universal

Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) ports. Port0

is communicating with camera module and port 1

is communicating with GPRS module. External

memory device is accessed by SPI (Serial

Peripheral Interface) protocol. ARM processor

initializes the camera module and GRPS module

after power up the system. It is operated in 3.3V

supply. It has built-in RTC (Real Time Clock)

which is used to know the time of snapshot taken

by the camera.

III. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

A. Camera Module

Camera module is controlled by ARM processor

through serial interface (RS-232) communication

and the default baud rate is 38400bps. This module

response to only 11 commands [6]. Each command

has 6 bytes length as shown in table1. After power

up the camera module, SYNC [6]

Table1. Camera Command format Comma

nd ID

Paramet

er 1

Paramet

er 2

Paramet

er 3

Paramet

er 4

2 Bytes 1 Byte 1 Byte 1 Byte 1 Byte

Command has to send until the ACK [6] received

from camera. After synchronization, camera takes

a delay of 1-2 seconds to stabilize its AGC and

AEC circuits. Initial command sets the colour type

and resolution of image. Set package command

sets the size of data package, which is transmitted

to camera module from processor. This command

should be issued before snapshot command. The

maximum package size can be 512 bytes. Size of

the last package varies in different image. Table2

shows the data package format. Total package will

be calculated as follows. No. of package= size of

image/[Package size - 6 bytes]

Table.2 Data package format ID Data

Size

Image Data Verify

Code

2 Bytes 2 Bytes Package size - 6

bytes

2 Bytes

ID : Package ID, starts from zero for an

image

Data size : Size of the image data in package

Verify code : checksum which is equals to the sum

of the whole package data except the

verify code

.

ARM Processor Camera xxxx : Last package number yyy : Number of bytes in last package

Fig 2 Timing diagram for snapshot picture

SYNC AA, 0D, 00, 00, 00, 00

ACK AA, 0E, 0D, xx, 00, 00

Delay (1-2 Sec)

Initial (JPEG) AA, 01, 00, 07, 07, 07

ACK AA, 0E, 01, xx, 00, 00

Set package size (512 bytes)

AA, 06, 08, 00, 02, 00

Snapshot AA, 05, 00 00, 00, 00

Get picture AA, 04, 01, 00, 00, 00

ACK Package ID: 0000h AA,

0E, 00, 00, 00, 00

ACK Package ID: xxxxh AA,

0E, 00,xx, xx, 00

ACK AA, 0E, 06, xx, 00, 00

ACK AA, 0E, 05, xx, 00, 00

ACK AA, 0E, 04, xx, 00, 00

Snapshot picture AA, 0A,01, ~~, ~~, ~~

Image Data Package 512 bytes, ID 0000h

Image Data Package yyy bytes, ID xxxxh

h AA, 0E, 00,xx, xx, 00

h AA, 0E, 00,xx, xx, 00

International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue

14388

3

MMS SETTINGS

DONE

B. GSM/GPRS Modem

Fig 3. Flow chart for MMS application of SIM900

SIM900 communicate with ARM processor

using UART protocol with baud rate of 19200bps.

After power up, it takes 3-5 seconds to initialize

SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) and to connect

with GSM network.SIM900 is set to normal

function by its relevant AT commands[5]. MMS

(Multimedia Messaging Service) setting is done

according to the service provider settings detail.

MMS initialize command is executed to start the

MMS process. GPRS connection open command is

sent to SIM900. When GPRS modem request to

download the image, processor reads image from

camera package by package and downloaded into

GPRS modem. Each package has 512bytes except

last package. After downloading the image, it

reads RTC and attach with MMS. Then recipient

number is added from recipient buffer. Processor

sends „MMSSEND‟ command to SIM900.MMS

terminates command will close the MMS function.

This module transmits the image to the user mobile

using MMS application.

C. Memory device

MicroSD memory device is interfaced with

ARM processor through SPI protocol. SPI is a

synchronous protocol that allows master device to

initiate communication with slave device. Memory

card acts as slave device. It is working in two

modes SD bus mode and SPI mode. When power

up SD card, it will enter into Bus mode by default.

So that CMD0 [7] command need a valid CRC

byte. Once device entered in SPI mode, CRCs are

disabled by default. Even though CRCs are

disabled, that field will be filled by 0xFF.

Table3. SPI commands for memory interface

Initially dummy data is sent for 74clock cycle to

initialize the SD card. While chip select (CS) pin is

low, reset command (CMD0) is sent to bring out

the memory card into idle state. ARM processor

reads SD card response from its R1 register. SD

card should enter into idle state for this command.

The status of response should have „HIGH

STATE‟ on LSB of R1 register for CMD0

command. If response is not satisfied, this has to be

repeated until get the expected response from SD

card. Operation command CMD1 is sent to bring

out SD card into operation condition from idle

state. This command is also repeated until the

expected response from SD card. Block length is

set as 512bytes using command CMD16.As the

block length is set to 512 bytes, camera package

size is also set in the same size. Read command is

sent to read the block address from SD card where

the next package to be written. Data is read from

camera module package by package and is written

in memory. The image is written in memory using

single block write command because of limitation

of data memory in ARM. Image will be read from

SD card block by block using the same ARM

processor and blocks will be combined to generate

image in the system application software.

Command Index

Argument Abbreviation Description

CMD0 None GO_IDLE_STATE Reset the SD card

CMD1 None SEND_OP_COND Activates the card’s initialization process

CMD16 [31:0] block length

SET_BLOCKLEN Selects a block length for all following block commands

CMD17 [31:0] data address

READ_SINGLE_ BLOCK

Reads a block of the size selected by theCMD16 command

CMD24 [31:0] data address

WRITE_BLOCK Writes a block of the size selected by theCMD16 command

MMS settings

START

SET NORMAL MODE

INITIALIZE MMS

OPEN GPRS CONECTION

ADD RTC TIME

A

A

ADD RECIPIENT NUMBER

SEND MMS

TERMINATE MMS

STOP

No

Yes

DOWNLOAD IMAGE INTO SIM900 CONECTION

International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue

14389

4

RESPONSE (IDLE bit=1)

RESPONSE (IDLE bit=0)

WRITE ALL PACKAGE

CHECK INCOMING

CALL

Fig 4.Flow chart for microSD memory storage

D. ARM Processor

LPC2148 is working as master controller in this

application. It controls and interfaces the other

modules camera, GPRS modem and micro SD

memory card.LPC2148 is working in 12 MHz

frequency which is derived from 48MHz

PLL(Phase Locked Loop) output frequency. After

power up the processor, PLL function is initialized.

Baud rate setting is done for UART0, which

communicates with camera module. Followed by

micro SD card is initialized. After a small delay in

the order of seconds for boot-up SIM900 GPRS

module and to connect with its network, baud rate

is setup for it. When SIM900 module receive an

incoming call, processor extract the calling number

and disconnect the call using AT commands[4].

Then command is sent to camera to take snapshot

of the present situation. MMS process is initialized.

Then image is downloaded into modem for sending

the same. Before sending MMS send command,

RTC time is read from processor and attached with

this message in text form. Finally the captured

image is stored in memory card by once again

reading it from camera.

Fig 5. Flow chart for function of GPRS based

monitoring system using image sensor

START

INITIALIZE SD CARD

SEND RESET COMMAND

SEND OPERATION COMMAND

SEND BLOCK LENGTH

COMMAND

FIND NEXT BLOCK ADDRESS

FOR WRITE

B

B

STOP

Yes

No

Yes

No

SEND READ COMMAND

READ NEXT BLOCK ADDRESS

FOR WRITE

SEND WRITE COMMAND

READ NEXT PACKAGE OF

IMAGE

DATA WRITE

Yes

No

START

INITIALIZE PLL FUNCTION

SET BAUD RATE FOR UART0

INITIALIZE MICRO SD CARD

DELAY FOR SIM900 BOOT-UP

SET BAUD RATE FOR UART1

EXTRACT NUMBER & DISCONNECT

CALL

CAMERA SNAPSHOT

INITIALIZE MMS

ATTACH IMAGE

READ RTC TIME & ADD

C

C

SEND MMS

SAVE IMAGE IN SD CARD

STOP

READ DATA

International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue

14390

5

Fig 6. Hardware prototype

Fig 7. Application software to read image from SD

card

IV. CONCLUSION

This application can be used for image

transmission through GPRS network wherever

higher bandwidth network is not available.

REFERENCES

[1] Al-Ali, A.R, Zualkernan, I.A, Lasfer, A,

Chreide, A, “GRPS-based distributed

home-monitoring using internet-based

geographical information system” IEEE

Trans.consumer electronics, vol. 57, pp.

1688-1694, November 2011.

[2] Yanbo Zhao and Zhaohui Ye. A Low Cost

GSM/GPRS Based Wireless Home Security

System, IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electronics,

Vol. 54,No. 2, pp. 567-572, May 2008

[3] Rana, G.M.S.M,. ,Hoque, M.N. ; Mitul, A.F. “

Design and implementation of a GSM based

remote home security and appliance control

system”IEEE Con. Advances in Electrical

Engineering, Dec 2013.

[4] Mitra, M.,BeraJ.N. Gupta. R,

"Electrocardiogram compression technique for

global system of mobile-based offline

telecardiology application for rural clinics in

india " IET JOURNALS & MAGAZINES..

Vol. 6 pp. 412-419, 2012

[5] http://www.4dsystems.com.au/productpages/u

CAM-II/downloads/uCAM-II_datasheet_R_1

_0.pdf

[6] SIM_900_AT Command Manual_V1.03,

SIMComwireless Technology solutions Ltd.,

2010.

[7] LPC214X User manual, “UM10139”, NXP

semiconductor, 2012

[8] http://www.nxp.com/documents/data_sheet/L

PC2141_42_44_46_48.pdf

[9] “SD card product manual”, version2.2,

SanDisk Corporation, 2004.

International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue

14391

14392