Governments of Africa Kenya Constitution created in 1963 Constitution guarantees freedoms such as freedom of expression, freedom of movement, and freedom from discrimination. Kenya is a constitutional republic. Any citizen 18 or older can vote. 70% of Kenyans vote in elections Citizens vote on their president and National Assembly representatives. South Africa Parliamentary Democracy. In 1994 more than 17 million black South Africans voted for the first time. 1994: Black South Africans and women to office for the first time. Constitution with a bill of rights that guarantees personal freedoms. When there was only one Sudan Civil war, because the Muslim north wanted to exterminate the Christian south. This civil war had already begun when Bashir became the leader of Sudan. North Sudan has a Constitution that gives the people many personal freedoms, but it isnt enforced. When there was only one Sudan Al-Bashir has forced many people from their homes, tried to destroy entire ethnic groups, murdered, raped, and tortured people. Darfur rebellion: Bashir responded by killing over 180,000 civilians and forcing over 2 million people from their homes. Attacked the refugee camps a cease-fire agreement was signed, but the violence continued. When there was only one Sudan In 2005, the civil war finally ended with the signing of a peace agreement that also gave independence to the southern part of Sudan. On July 9, 2011, South Sudan officially became a separate country. North Sudan Omar al-Bashir still the head of government. Multiple political parties, with the National Congress Party and al-Bashir having all of the power. North Sudan 2010, a democratic election with multiple parties running for office was held for the first time in 24 years. Election is not fair; citizens were intimidated into voting for al-Bashir and his opponent dropped out before the election. Sudan is a democracy, but the citizens dont get to vote for the person they want in office and the president has all of the power. South Sudan Given the right to become a separate country in 2005, didnt officially happen until July 9, Has a constitution. 3 branches of government. South Sudan The president is the executive branch and he is the head of government and leader of the military. The legislative branch is made up of the National Legislature and has 2 parts, with one being elected and the other being nominated.