Government by Wiki: A Guided Tour

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Government by Wiki: A Guided Tour

Monday, May 7, 2007, 9:45 - 10:30 a.m.Brand Niemann, Senior Enterprise Architect, US EPA, andBest Practices Committee Secretariat, Federal CIO CouncilThe 22nd Semi-Annual Spring Government CIO Summit,

Government by Wiki: New Tools for Collaboration, Information-Sharing, and Decision-Making,

May 6-8, 2007, Ft. Myers, FL.

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Government Information Leaders to Caucus on Web 2.0

• Using a Wiki to collaborate in developing the Data Reference Model, a key component of the Federal Enterprise Architecture.– Susan Turnbull, GSA Office of Citizen Services and

Communications.• The government healthcare community is using blogs and

virtual communities to connect with important health interest groups.– John Anderton, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

• Members of the Utah State Legislature are using a Wiki to collaborate on developing the lists of bills they send to committees. They say the Wiki has distributed responsibility and power to the members as never before.– Stephen Urquhart, Utah House of Representatives.

• The intelligence community is using these similar tools to locate new sources of national security information.– Chris Rasmussen, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.

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• Are you up to speed on the latest trends in collaborative technologies and techniques that business thinkers say will “change business as we know it”? If this claim is true, it is likely to change how government operates too.

• I was asked to be your Tour Guide.– A big responsibility!

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• An executive briefing for government CIOs on who’s using the new tools and techniques for collaboration, how well they work, how to start using them, and what their promise holds for agency CIOs and CEOs.

• Lot’s of things to cover in only 45 minutes and leave time to dialogue with you!

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• First, what do we mean by the word government (we are in Washington, DC )?– Certainly Federal, but also international

(Canada, New Zealand, and United Kingdom) and state and local. (Will not be able to stop)

– Governance (“Government of the people, by the people, and for the people”). (A brief stop)

– Internet. (Very important last stop)

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Tour Map

• 1. CIO Council Committees

• 2. Federal Enterprise Architecture

• 3. CIO Council Strategic Plan

• 4. Networking Communities of Practice

• 5. Internet Evolution to 2020

• 6. Dialogue

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1. CIO Council Committees

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Source: Pages 21-22, Federal Chief Information Officer Council Strategic Plan:FY 2007-2009, 28 pp. http://www.cio.gov/documents/CIOCouncilStrategicPlan2007-2009.pdf

Note: BPC AddedSpatial Ontologyand CPIC/PM.

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1. CIO Council Committees

• 1.a Architecture & Infrastructure Committee:– Emerging Technology Subcommittee:

• Susan Turnbull, Co-chair, and Lead for the Collaborative Expedition Workshops.

– Chief Architects Forum (next section on FEA).• 1.b Best Practices Committee:

– Secretariat:• Brand Niemann, Secretariat and Co-chair of the Semantic

Interoperability Community of Practice (SICoP).

• 1.c IT Workforce Committee:– 2006 IT Summit:

• Collaboration Across Three Committees.

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1.a Architecture & Infrastructure Committee

Google: ColabWiki Wiki Home Pagehttp://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?ExpeditionWorkshop/Achieving_High_Enterprise_Performance_By_Connecting_ProcessImprovement_KM_And_EA

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1b. Best Practices Committee

Google: ColabWiki Best Practices Committeehttp://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?BestPracticesCommittee

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1b. Best Practices CommitteeNext Meeting: May 14th

Agenda

CoP and WG Reports

File Repository

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1.c IT Workforce Committee

Google: ColabWiki: Federal IT Summit 2006http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?FederalITSummit_2006_10_04

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1.c IT Workforce Committee

• Federal IT Summit 2006, October 4th:– Mr. Clay Johnson, III, Deputy Director for

Management, OMB, Executive Chair of the Federal CIO Council:

• Clarity• Accountability• Transparency

• The ColabWiki supports this for:– Individual CIO Council Committee Activities.– FEA - OMB Data Reference Model 2.0.– Collaboration Across the Three CIO Council

Committees.

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2. Federal Enterprise Architecture

Google: ColabWiki: Data Reference Modelhttp://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?DataReferenceModel

Purpose Events

Archive & ResourcesDeliverables

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Google: ColabWiki: Chief Architects Forumhttp://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?ChiefArchitectsForum

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2. Federal Enterprise ArchitectureAgenda

Individual Speaker Talking Points

Pilot Wiki Document

Calendar and Resources

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ColabWiki: First FEA TEMhttp://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?FirstFEATEM

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3. Federal Chief Information Officer Council Strategic Plan: FY 2007-2009

• Goal 1. A cadre of highly capable IT professionals with the mission critical competencies needed to meet agency goals.

• Goal 2. Information securely, rapidly, and reliably delivered to our stakeholders.

• Goal 3. Interoperable IT solutions, identified and used efficiently and effectively across the Federal Government.

• Goal 4. An integrated, accessible Federal infrastructure enabling interoperability across Federal, state, tribal, and local governments, as well as partners in the commercial and academic sectors.

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• Clay Johnson, Deputy Director for Management at OMB:– How does the Best Practices Committee do Best

Practices? (January 17th CIO Council Meeting):• See next slide.

• Mike McConnell, Director of National Intelligence:– Move the intelligence community beyond the "need to

share" philosophy toward a "responsibility to provide" model

• March 6, 2007, GovExec.com, Intelligence chief establishes information-sharing panel.

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• Suggestion by BPC Co-Chair, George Strawn on a "Best Practices" Process, March 19, 2007:– 1. Request for Best Practices: A way for CIOs and

their friends to ask for help from other agencies (and others) as to what are best practices in a given activity.

– 2. Requests for Best Practicers: Present to the Best Practice Committee (as we have been doing).

– 3. Capture These Presentations: The audio/video as well as the materials that we already capture and make available over the Wiki.

– 4. Facilitate Access to and Awareness of These Materials: RSS and perhaps other techniques.

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Goal 2: Information securely, rapidly, and reliably delivered to our stakeholders

Tool Program Purpose

Web Search Federal SitemapsGoogle: Federal Sitemaps

LocateMost searches start with Google, Yahoo, and MSN

Wikis COLABGoogle: COLAB Wiki

CollaborateSlide 19: Need to Share

Semantic Wikis KnowledgebasesGoogle: DRM 3.0 and Web 3.0

IntegrateSlide 19: Responsibility to Provide

The FEA DRM 2.0 was written in the COLAB and is being implemented in Semantic Wikis!

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4. Networking Communities of Practice

• Jerry Mechling, Director, Leadership for a Networked World Program, Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University:– Cross-Boundary Governance Through Agreements and

Standards: Assuring Compliance and Results (March 20-22, 2007):

• Karen Evans, David Wennergren, Ambassador Ted McNamara, Program Manager, Information Sharing Environment, Bill Vajda, CIO US Department of Education and Co-Chair of the CIOC Best Practices Committee, Chief William Bratton, Los Angeles Police Department, Esther Dyson, Blogger of Release 0.9, Charlie Havekost, CIO US Department of Health & Human Services, Harry Spence, Commissioner of Social Services, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Teri Takai, CIO, State of Michigan, Brand Niemann, SICoP, etc.

– See next slide.

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Techno-Socio Cross-Boundary Standards Issues

Information Examples Global

Messages

Databases

Knowledge-bases

Unstructured-to-Semi-structured

Structured

Unstructured-Semi-Structured, &Structured

HL7NIEM,Etc.

EHR,E-Grants,Etc.

SemanticWeb

EmailSystems

RelationalDatabaseSystems

SystemsThatKnow

Key Field

Common Vocabulary

Ontology

SMTP/MIME

TechnicalStandardsAgreement

SocialAgreementStandards

Note: The Lines are the Boundaries to CrossResponse to Jerry Mechling's Common Structure Challenge.

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• Jerry Mechling, Director, Leadership for a Networked World Program, Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University:– Making Cross-Boundary Transformation Happen: The

Role of Executive Sponsors (June 26-27, 2007):• “Driven by new capacities to communicate over computer-

based networks…, coordinate activities across boundaries…, simultaneously breaking through old boundaries of governance and finding a need to improve governance….

– This is what the Best Practices Committee is doing with Communities of Practice and “Web 2.0: Tying It All Together in A Service System” (see slides 25-27)!

» The KZO platform integrates blogs, wikis, and other interactive Web 2.0 features.

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4. Web 2.0: Tying It All Together in a Service System

People Business

Products Information

enable develop enable transform

designoperate &maintain

create utilize

Industrial services Information services

Business servicesConsumer services

Non-market services

Source: Dr. Spohrer, Towards a Science of Service Systems, CIOC Best Practices Committee, March 19, 2007.

The Challenge: Service industry growth

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People Business

Products &Nature

Information

Schools ofScience & Engineering Information Schools

Schools ofBusiness Management

Schools ofSocial Science & Humanities

Source: Dr. Spohrer, Towards a Science of Service Systems, CIOC Best Practices Committee, March 19, 2007.

The Challenge: Academic Silos

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People Business

InformationTechnology

Information

Architecture & Infrastructure CommitteeBest Practices Committee

Executive CommitteeIT Workforce Committee

Source: Pages 21-22, Federal Chief Information Officer Council Strategic Plan: FY 2007-2009, 28 pp. http://www.cio.gov/documents/CIOCouncilStrategicPlan2007-2009.pdf

Goal 1

Goal 2Goal 3

Goal 4

The Challenge: CIO Council Silos

The “MediciEffect”

StakeholdersInput and Outreach

http://www.cio.gov/documents/CIOCouncilStrategicPlan2007-2009.pdf

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People

Information TechnologyBusiness

Information

http://campustechnology.com/articles/46250/

http://campustechnology.com/articles/46250/

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Google: NIH Wiki Fairhttp://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?NIHWikiFair_2007_02_28

Agenda

Videocast RSS Feeds Panel

Podcast

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• NIH Wiki Fair - Lessons Learned:– Dr. Larry Sanger Editor-in-Chief of the Citizendium

Project and Co-founder of Wikipedia:• Subject Matter Experts*• Real Identities and Bios*• Deal with Troublemakers Swiftly*

– Dr. Brand Niemann, US EPA:• Every Government Employee Has a Wiki Page (Knowledge

Retention).• Government Employees Are Encouraged/Rewarded for

Participation in CoPs (Presidential Memorandum).• Agency and Interagency Collaboration Activities are

Managed as CoPs of CoPs.

Note: The Colab Wiki does these*.

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Google: SOA for E-Government 2007http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?SOAforEGovernment_2007_05_0102

Home Page

Revisions/Additions: 183!

5 Months of Planning and Activities!

Conference Proceedings

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5. Internet Evolution to 2020

• Internet (Web 2.0 (Wikis)):– Math for: Wikis are part of Web 2.0 which are part of the

Internet.

• Web 2.0: Essential Essentials:– Refers to a perceived second-generation of Web based

communities and hosted services — such as social networking sites, wikis and folksonomies — that facilitate collaboration and sharing between users.

– Earlier users of the phrase "Web 2.0" employed it as a synonym for "Semantic Web," and indeed, the two concepts complement each other. The combination of social-networking systems such as FOAF and XFN with the development of tag-based folksonomies, delivered through blogs and wikis, sets up a basis for a semantic web environment.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2

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Time bar of Web 2.0 buzz words. This image shows the age of some buzzwords sometimes used in Web 2.0 lingo and its dependencies.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2

E.g.GoogleMaps

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• The Web Browser is also an Editor!– Original intention of Web-inventor Sir Tim Berners-

Lee.– Simple demo of editing a Wiki page.

• The Web Browser provides a richer experience!– See KZO Networks, Washington Post – Newsweek

Interactive, and Library of Congress as examples.

• The content is also delivered to more than a Web Browser!– PDAs, Cell Phones, and Other Gadgets.

Social Media: RSS, blogs, podcasts, wikis, and others.

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Semantic Wikis: The Role of Techno-Social Collaboration in Building DRM 3.0 and Web 3.0 for Managing Context Across Multiple Documents and Organizations, SICOP Special Conference, February 6, 2007, Mills Davis, Project10X.

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• Semantic Interoperability Community of Practice:– 1. The Web:

• Content Portals and P2P File Sharing.

– 2. The Social Web:• The Wiki, Conferencing, and Community Portals.

– 3. The Semantic Web:• Ontologies, Semantic Search, and Knowledgebases.

– 4. The Ubiquitous Web:• Semantic Wiki and Semantic Communities.

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http://web-services.gov/

Note: This example includes Web 1-4!

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Google: Visual Knowledge SICoP SWIMhttp://www.visualknowledge.com

VisualKnowledge Semantic Wiki

Start Your Own Semantic Wiki

Spatial Ontology CoP

Energy Community

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5. Internet Evolution to 2020Classes

PropertiesData Model as an Ontology in OWL

Knoodl Semantic Wiki

Google: Knoodl.comhttp://www.knoodl.com/ui/groups/VMWG/vocab/JPM_IS_CBRN

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6. Dialogue

• In essence, I have introduced some new paradigms:– Do Your Own IT and IM– WeSmarterThanMe.Org– Documents, Models, and Software Behaviors

• Your Turn to Ask Questions:– Google: Brand Niemann– [email protected]

• There are more slides.

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Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything

• "Wikinomics heralds the biggest change in collaboration to date. Thanks to the Internet, masses of people outside the boundaries of traditional hierarchies can innovate to produce content, goods and services. In order to understand the opportunities this presents for companies, read this book.

– Eric Schmidt, CEO Google

• Chapter 11, The Wikinomics Playbook is now officially past the beta stage. Developed by readers and experts like you, this wiki represents the latest on mass collaboration in the Web 2.0 Era.

http://www.wikinomics.com/

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Wikipedia and Intellipedia

• You have probably heard of Wikipedia:– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

• You may have heard of Intellipedia (Reuters, October 31, 2006):– The U.S. intelligence community on Tuesday unveiled its own

secretive version of Wikipedia, saying the popular online encyclopedia format known for its openness is key to the future of American espionage.

– The office of U.S. intelligence czar John Negroponte announced Intellipedia, which allows intelligence analysts and other officials to collaboratively add and edit content on the government's classified Intelink Web much like its more famous namesake on the World Wide Web.

– They also said it could lead to more accurate intelligence reports because the system allows a wider range of officials to scrutinize material and keeps a complete, permanent record of individual contributions including dissenting points of view.

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Calvin Andrus: Wikis and Blogs Changing Agency Culture for Information Sharing at the CIA

• But you may not have heard about Wikis and Blogs Changing Agency Culture for Information Sharing at the CIA Unless You Came to Our Collaborative Expedition Workshop, July 18, 2006:– Wikis and blogs allow real-time analysis and reaction to

intelligence information to occur as quickly as users can update information, Calvin Andrus said. “It just happens, just like an ant hill happens.“

• Source: COLAB: An Open Collaborative Work Environment to Support Networking Among Communities of Practice (Wiki):

– http://colab.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?ExpeditionWorkshop/OpenCollaboration_NetworkingWikiInformationTechnology_2006_07_18#nid357Y

» Note: Showed this on purpose to illustrate use of Purple Numbers and how to improve Google Search.

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*Susan Turnbull celebrated 6th year of collaborative workshops on March 22nd and uses Wiki that incorporates Doug Engelbart’s work.

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Source: New IC Emerges Through Links, Calvin Andrus, CIA Mission Innovation, July 18, 2006

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First report in Wikipedia.

Updates at sub-minute intervals!

Now a very comprehensive compendia!

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Calvin Andrus: Wiki Knowledge Management: What Are We Thinking?

• What We Need is a KM Framework that:– Allows people to update in near real time.– Does not constrain categories in advance.– Lets any person create unlimited objects and links.– Allows unlimited linking between one object and

another.• Complexity Theory Suggests. . .

– . . . that from knowledge workers who are allowed to share information and act upon it within a simple rule set will emerge a community that continuously and dynamically discovers what is unknown and converts it into the known in response to the needs of the competitive environment.

Dr. Calvin Andrus, CIA. Closing Keynote, Knowledge Management 2007 Conference, April 3-5.http://events.fcw.com/events/2007/KM/downloads/KM07_Keynote_Andrus_V1.pdf

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• Technology Can Enable Complex Adaptive Behavior in Human Knowledge Workers:– Capabilities Wikis Bring:

• Because Wikis are real-time, self-authored, hyperlinked bodies of knowledge that are open to everyone on the system, they can adapt as fast as a person can enter information.

• Wikis also provide a space for knowledge evolve as the world changes, without knowledge reengineering.

– Together, Google and the Wikipedia manage more knowledge better and faster and cheaper than any other framework we have yet invented.

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• A Space to Grow:– By deploying wikis on classified networks, and granting access

to all comers, we put the Foreign Policy, Defense, National Security, and Intelligence Communities together. Knowledge and feedback is shared by all.

– Thus, changes in the National Security environment can be learned by the Intel Community, which in turn, can adapt.

– From simple local interactions, a global community emerges

• In Conclusion:– Technology is the enabler, not the solution.– The solution is changing the culture to allow knowledge workers

to share and act -- with simple rules of engagement.– Leaders must build an incentive and reward structure for those

components that adopt this new model of doing business.

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More Essentials and Guided Tours

• 1. Web 1.0

• 2. Web 2.0

• 3. Web 2.0 ... The Machine is Us/ing Us

• 4. Lets Wiki, Wiki!

• 5. Web 3.0 and Beyond

• 6. What’s Hot

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1. Web 1.0

• We are all familiar with this:– Edit, edit, edit, edit……– Up the entire organizational hierarchy

sometimes– And finally Publish!

• And what do we get:– Static, out of date web pages that are of lower

priority for the search engines to crawl.

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2. Web 2.0

• I need something that supports the way I work with just getting my ideas down without interfering with the flow…

• Publish immediately and edit latter either yourself or as part of a community..– Wikipedia– Intellipedia– COLAB– Etc.

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3. Web 2.0 ... The Machine is Us/ing Us

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gmP4nk0EOE

Take a 5-minute video tour!

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3. Web 2.0 ... The Machine is Us/ing Us

• The video was released on YouTube on January 31st 2007 and quickly became the most popular video in the blogosphere and the #1 featured YouTube video on February 7th 2007.

• Much has been made of the viral outbreak of Michael Wesch’s video:– Kansas State University Assistant Anthropology Professor:

• http://www.ksu.edu/sasw/anthro/wesch.htm– Digital Enthology:

• http://mediatedcultures.net/ksudigg/?author=1– Transcription and Discussion:

• http://mediatedcultures.net/ksudigg/?p=78

• Demonstrates why the whole phenomena of social computing and semantic tagging is important.

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4. Lets Wiki, Wiki!

http://www.himotion.us/2/2006/139.html

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4. Lets Wiki, Wiki!

http://www.fcw.com/article96857-11-20-06-Print

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6. What’s Hot

• Refining Content (Time, March 19, 2007, page 62):– Polish Digital Images at Picnik.com– Watch over 1000 channels of high-quality, full screen

video at Democracy (Miro) or download them at Netflix in June.

– Organize and share contacts at Highrise from 37Signals.

– Keep track of your schedules and to do lists at iScrybe.com and Stikkit.com.

– Google is adding a free PowerPoint-like program to its word processing and spreadsheet software.

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6. What’s Hot

• Gallery of Best Practice Examples:– Washington Post – Newsweek Interactive:

Panorama’s, Personal Stories, Comment on An Article, Crime Data Mashups, etc.

• Using Web 2.0 to Save Journalism!– Library of Congress: Talking Books, Virtual Tours,

Teacher Lesson Materials, etc.• Leveraging Web 2.0 with “Sister Agencies”

– United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and Google: Crisis in Darfur:

• Enables more than 200 million Google Earth users worldwide to visualize and better understand the genocide currently unfolding in Darfur, Sudan.

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Washington Post – Newsweek Interactive

Google: Washington Post Interactive

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Scroll Down to Photos and Videos Google: Washington Post

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http://www.crimeindc.org/

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Library of Congress

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Library of Congress

• Strategies:– Evaluating New Web 2.0 Activities and Technologies– Formulating Partnerships with External Entities and– Sites (Also Leveraging Sister Federal Agency Efforts)

• Web 2.0 and Beyond– Activities:

• Exploring Mash-ups (Map Division)• Launching Tagging Pilot• Offering Personalization through myLOC for Visitors• Experience Project and through World Digital Library• Launch of RSS and Podcasting• Interactive Multimedia Applications (Page by Page)

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United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and Google: Crisis in Darfur

http://www.ushmm.org/googleearth/

Government by Wiki: A Guided Tour

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