GOVERNANCE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE "NEW" AFRICA PIA 2574 “An End of Class Editorial”
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Transcript of GOVERNANCE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE "NEW" AFRICA PIA 2574 “An End of Class Editorial”
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GOVERNANCE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE "NEW"
AFRICA
PIA 2574
“An End of Class Editorial”
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Corny but…
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The Primacy of the African Nation-State- How sovereign
a. Impact of trans-national actors
b. Issue of micro-states
c. Rational Actor model- public or social choice theory
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Swaziland; 6,000 square milesPopulation, 1.1 million
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The Primacy of the African Nation-State- How sovereign
d. Collective choice is it non-rational? Is it more than an aggregate of individuals?
e. The role of international regimes- UN, World Bank, IMF, etc. New International Order (NIO)
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Targeting Economic Groups
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Democracy: What is it?
Democracy and:
1. Governance
2. Local Government
3. Civil Society
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Types of Democracy
• Direct Democracy
• Indirect Democracy
• Pluralism vs. Polyarchy
• Civil Society
• Cooperative Movement
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Review: James Madison and Democracy:
The problem with majorities
Tyranny
Factions
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Direct Democracy vs. Representative Democracy
Populism vs. Minority rights
Shifting majorities
Problem with
Plebiscites
Guinea 1958 “No” Vote
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Definitions of Democracy in Africa
The First Issue: Opposition vs. Consensus
The Second Issue: “A Chief is a Chief by the People”
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Ashante, Ghana
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Definitions of Democracy: Review
Presidential Systems- Separation of Powers
Parliamentary systems- Representation and Fusion
Traditional Africa- Consensus and hierarchy
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South Africa’s Parliament
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Defining Democracy
Village democracy and talking things out
Ubuntu, Ujamaa and Humanism
How Collective, How Market Friendly
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THE INSTITUTIONAL STATE
What is the "Institutional State?“
Why is it important?
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The Institutional State:
Civil Society
Institutionalized
Norms
Stable Government
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The Institutional State:
Permanent Government: The Administrative apparatus
Goal: Muted Cultural Differences
Defining Bureaucracy- the permanent government
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The Institutional State: The Reality
Breakdown of Governance
Bureaucracy and
Corruption
Military Coups
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The Institutional State: The Reality
Self Serving Bureaucrats
Bureaucratic Elites
Civil War-Violence: Inter-state Conflict and African Development
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Governance and Sovereignty-
Rules of the Game politics: Zero/sum vs. sum/sum politics
"Splintering"- the break up of states- centrifugal forces
Interest Group Liberalism-how real?
Civil Society as organizational, not individual, or the mass.
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Congo Wars
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Governance and Sovereignty-
The need for apathy?
Constitutional vs. social stability
Institutional structures and Checks and balances:
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Traditional Society:
Forms of Traditional Influence in Local Government
Grass Roots- traditional governance mechanisms governance in sub-Saharan Africa
The Answer or the Problem?
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Traditional Influence-Review
1. Full Meeting (Town Hall style)- Direct Democracy
2. Pure Form- Traditional Councils (Appointed)
3. Partial- Half Elected/Half Traditional 4. Technical- deconcentrated.
Department heads and Traditional (No Elections
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African Justice?
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Traditional Influence
5. Specialized- Judicial Function
6. Specialized Partial- Land Board (2 Trad., 2 LG, 2 Cen. Gov.)
7. Bicameral- Traditional as an upper house
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J.M. Coetzee, Disgrace (London: Penguin, 1999).
Born, 1940
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Cyprian Ekwensi, People of the City (London: Heineman, 1954)
1921-2007
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Peter Abrahams, Mine Boy (London: Heineman, 1946)
Born: 1919
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Discussion Points
HOW IMPORTANT IS DEMOCRACY FOR DEVELOPMENT?
HOW REALISTIC IS CIVIL SOCIETY IN AFRICA?
CAN GOVERNMENT BE STABILIZED?
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Discussion
What have you been Reading?
What Should your colleagues read?
Logistics?