(Good)LTE and SAE

3G E l ti3G EvolutionLTE/SAE Fundamentals

SpeakerSpeakerJaime Alberto Peña Ortiz, M.Eng.

RAN Solutions Manager

Agenda

IntroductionIntroduction– Mobile Broadband trends– Mobile System Evolution

Wh i LTE/SAE?What is LTE/SAE?– 3G Evolution drivers– LTE Fundamentals– SAE Architecture

Market Situation– StandardizationStandardization– Spectrum– The Operator’s way forward

C l i

© Ericsson AB 2008 Commercial in confidence Long Term Evolution 2009-03-102

Conclusions

I t d tiIntroduction

SpeakerSpeaker

LTE driven by mobile broadband

3500

2500

3000

mill

ion) ~80% will be

of Mobile

1000

1500

2000

scrip

tions

(m Broadband enabled by HSPA/LTE

0

500

1000

Subs

02007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Fixed MobileMobile Broadband includes: CDMA2000 EV DO HSPA LTE Mobile WiMAX TD SCDMA


80% of Broadband subscribers are mobile in 2014

Mobile Broadband includes: CDMA2000 EV-DO, HSPA, LTE, Mobile WiMAX, TD-SCDMAFixed broadband includes: DSL, FTTx, Cable modem, Enterprise leased lines and Wireless Broadband Source: Ericsson Q4 2008

Mobile System EvolutionGlobal Support

GSM Track (3GPP)

LTEFDD d TDD

GSM WCDMA HSPA

TD-SCDMA

CDMA Track (3GPP2) FDD and TDD

CDMA One EVDO Rev A

2001 2005 2008 2010


LTE is the Global standard for Next Generation – FDD and TDD

3G Evolution

Radio Side– LTE – Long Term Evolution

Improvements in - spectral efficiency- user throughputg p- latency

Simplification of the radio networkEfficient support of packet based services

Network Side– SAE – System Architecture Evolution

Improvement in latency, capacity, throughputp o e e t ate cy, capac ty, t oug putSimplification of the core networkOptimization for IP traffic and servicesSimplified support and handover to non-3GPP access technologies


technologies

SON


3G Evolution - TerminologyEPS (SAE/LTE) Architecture

InternetInternet, Operator Service etc.

EPC EPC - Evolved Packet CoreSAE - System Architecture Evolution

eUTRAN eUTRAN - Evolved UTRAN

y

LTE Long Term Evolution

EPS EPS – Evolved Packet System

LTE - Long Term Evolution


EPS

LTELTELong Term Evolution

SpeakerSpeaker

Driving forces behind LTESpectrum flexibility:

– Use of new, re-farmed or unused spectrumUse of new, re farmed or unused spectrum– FDD and TDD– Variable channel bandwidth

Performance:– Higher peak rates– Higher bandwidthg e ba d d– Designed for ”always on applications” from start

Cost:Cost:– No circuit switched domain– Low OPEX– Simpler operation with less to configure and higher degree


p p g g gof self configuration

Reduced Total Cost of Ownership

All IPAll-IP architecture

SON

“Wider pipe” advantage


SONSelf Organizing Network

Enriched services

Doctor/mechanic Messaging

MusicTV watching

PC/Laptop symbol Gaming

Video ConferencingM-commerce


More people at the same time, doing it faster and with even better quality

3GPP LTE Performance Targets

High data ratesg– Downlink: >100 Mbps– Uplink: >50 Mbps– Cell-edge data ratesCell edge data rates

2-3 x HSPA Rel. 6

Low delay/latency User plane RTT: <10 ms– User plane RTT: <10 ms

– Channel set-up: <100 ms

High spectral efficiency – Targeting 3 x HSPA Rel. 6

Cost-effective migration


Key LTE radio access features

LTE radio access

SC-FDMA

OFDMA– Downlink: OFDM– Uplink: SC-FDMA


LTE Radio Access – DownlinkOFDM - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

Large number of 15 kHz sub carriersgOrthogonal: Other carriers zero at sampling point

Δf = 15 kHz


frequency

LTE Radio Access – UplinkSC-FDMA – Single Carrier FDMA (DFTS-OFDM)

Similar to OFDM– 15 kHz tones BUT consecutive– Same time-domain structure

Low Peak to Average Power RatioLow Peak-to-Average Power Ratio– Lower terminal cost and improved battery life


frequency

Channel-Dependent Scheduling

Shared channel transmission Scheduling in time and frequency

Select user and data rate based on instantaneous channel quality

Ti d i d t ti d Ti f

domain– Link adaptation in time domain only

– Time-domain adaptation used already in HSPA data1

data2data3data4

Time-frequency fading, user #1

Time-frequency fading, user #2

User #1 scheduledUser #2 scheduled


Improved UL performanceSC FDMA d t di OFDMSC-FDMA compared to ordinary OFDM

or R Mbps

2.5×R Mbps

Improved coverage( > 60% improvement )

Higher data rates( > 2.5 times improvement )

Reduced power consumptionLonger battery life


Single-carrier transmission in uplink enables low PAPR that gives more than 4 dB better link budget and reduced power consumption compared to OFDM


LTE radio access– Downlink: OFDM– Uplink: SC-FDMA

Advanced antenna solutions– Diversity

M lti l t i i (MIMO)– Multi-layer transmission (MIMO)– Beam-forming

TX TX


Multi-antenna TransmissionDefinition

Radio channel


Multi-antenna TransmissionExamples

Radio channelRadio channel

MISOBeam forming

Radio channel

Beam formingTransmit diversity

SIMOReceive diversity

Radio channel

MIMO


All above +Spatial multiplexing (MIMO)

Multi-antenna TransmissionLTE implementation

One, two, or four antenna ports, , pMultiple time-frequency grids Reference signals for identification

Antenna #1

A t #2Antenna #2

Antenna #3

Antenna #4

Time

Frequency


Diversity & MIMO

MIMO Improves speed & capacityRXRXTXTX

MIMO

Throughput

TxDiv

p p p yRXRXTXTX

RXRXTXTX

TxDivTxDiv improves speed at cell edge

RXRXTXTX

Today

Coverage

RXRXTXTX


Higher speed, Longer range or Deeper indoor coverage

Advanced Antenna Schemes- Illustrative

Different antenna solutions needed depending on key target(s)

MIMO (2x2)

roug

hput

MIMO + beam-forming (4x2)

Rx diversity 1x2

Thr

Rx diversity + beam-forming (4x2)


Coverage


LTE radio access– Downlink: OFDM– Uplink: SC-FDMA

Advanced antenna solutions– Diversity

M lti l t i i (MIMO)– Multi-layer transmission (MIMO)– Beam-forming

Spectrum flexibility– Flexible bandwidth– New and existing bands 20 MHz1.4 MHz


g– Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD

Spectrum Flexibility

LTE provides spectrum flexibility for operation in differently-i d tsized spectrum

10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz3 MHz 5 MHz1.4 MHz

LTE supports paired and unpaired spectrum on the same pp p p pHW platform

fDL

FDDfDL/UL

TDDfDL

fUL

Highest data rates for givenbandwidth and peak power

fDL/UL

Unpaired spectrum


Maximum commonality between FDD and TDD

LTE DL peak rate64 QAM and 20 MHz and 4x4 MIMO

14 OFDM symbols per 1.0 ms subframe64QAM - 6 bits per symbol6 x 14 = 84 bits per 1.0 ms subframe84bits/1 0ms = 84kbps per subcarrier84bits/1.0ms = 84kbps per subcarrier

12 x 84kbps = 1.008Mbps per Resource Block

100 resource blocks in 20MHz100 x 1.008Mbps = 100.8Mbps per antenna

4 x 4 MIMO: 403 2Mbps !!4 x 4 MIMO: 403.2Mbps !!

BUT in reality approx. 320Mbps


BUT in reality approx. 320Mbps

LTE UE States

3 UE states (5 in WCDMA)

Power-up

( )– Detached– Idle– Connected

DETACHED

Register De-registerConnected

CONNECTED

De register

Inactive Traffic

IDLE


Peak Data RatesLTE Standard Capabilities (Rel. 8)

DownlinkUplink

300

350

Mbp

s]

Uplink

150

200

250

Dat

a R

ates

[M

50

100

150

Pea

k D

LTE 4x4,20+20 MHz

0LTE 2x2,5+5 MHz

LTE 2x2,20+20 MHz

HSPA R75+5 MHz

HSPA R65+5 MHz

HSPA R85+5 MHz


Target values are reached

HSPA+/LTE performance

On 5 MHz bandwidth comparable fperformance

> 5 MHz trunking gain gives improved LTE performanceLTE performance


LTE Simulation – Urban NetworkAverage achievable bitrate [Mbps]

95 Mbps average rate 56-98

98-140

7-28

28-56

0-7

Note Peak rate of 140

0


9% penetration Note Peak rate of 140is with max overhead (control blocks)

Field Results Validating Performance

Peak rates validated– 2*2 MIMO and 4*4 MIMO2 2 MIMO and 4 4 MIMO

Multi-user performance– 8 simultaneous users per eNB

Load in multi site networksLoad in multi site networks– Average throughput verified in field

under 100 % load in surrounding eNBs

HandoverSame throughput before and after– Same throughput before and after

Latency– Air interface latency as expected

Multiple frequenciesMultiple frequencies– 2.1 GHz, AWS and 2.6 GHz


SAESAESystem Architecture Evolution

SpeakerSpeaker

Diffentiated Service to End Users

Legacy: Traffic Differentiation split into Packet Switched

Circuit Domain

Voice

CS Bearer

split into Packet Switched and Circuit SwitchedPacket

Domain

2G/3G RAN2G/3G RAN

Internet Access

LTE: Traffic Differentiation in

PS Bearer

Packet Switched– Up to 8 simultaneous bearers

per user with different QoS classesLTE RANLTE RAN classes

– Optimized in advanced scheduler implementations

– Managed and monitored by

Packet Domain

LTE RAN

Voice or TV

Internet Access

Packet Domain

LTE RAN

Voice or TV

Internet Access


g yoperator

Internet AccessPS Bearers

Internet AccessPS Bearers

3GPP System overviewy

2G

CS networksCore Network

2G

3G, HSPA

Circuit Core

IMS domainUser mgmt3GPP

eUTRANEPC

IMS domain

Non-3GPP ”IP networks”

EPC Evolved Packet Core (SAE = System Architecture Evolution)eUTRAN Evolved UTRAN (LTE = Long Term Evolution)


( g )EPS Evolved Packet System (incl. EPC, eUTRAN and terminals)

EPS interfacesLogical view

IPnetworks

EvolvedPacketMME SAE GWS11

networks

PacketCore

MME SAE GW

S1 UPS1 CP

EvolvedUTRAN

X2 X2

UTRAN


eNode BeNode B eNode B

Evolution path architectureEvolving towards a flat architecture

Today 2009/2010

GGSN GGSN/SAE-GW

SGSN SGSN/MME

RNCBSC RNCBSC

BTS

RNC

Node B

BSC

GERAN UTRAN eUTRAN

eNode BBTS

RNC

Node B

BSC

GERAN UTRAN


Control planeUser plane

GGSN => Packet GatewaySGSN => Mobility server

Mobility and Co-existence

Seamless user experience

WCDMA GSMWCDMA

Easy evolutionLTE

Alignment to the LTE Ecosystem

CDMA

Ecosystem


M k t Sit tiMarket Situation

SpeakerSpeaker

3GPP standard evolution

R99Initial packet data in Rel 99/Rel-4 384 kbR99

HSPA

Initial packet data in Rel 99/Rel 4High Speed Downlink Packet Access in Rel-5Enhanced Uplink in Rel-6

kbps

14.4/5.8Mbps

HSPA evolved

p”High Speed Packet Access+” in Rel-7 e.g.:

– Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)Higher order modulation DL/UL

28/12Mbps

LTE– Higher order modulation DL/UL

Long Term Evolution in Rel-8 >100/50 Mbps

Enhanced UplinkHSDPA

3GPP Rel 99/4 Rel 5 Rel 6

WCDMA EvolvedWCDMA

Rel 7 Rel 8

HSPA Evolved

HSPA+


p

LTE

LTE

LTE Standardization timeline

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

LTE

L1

L2

L3

Perf requirements

UE conf test specs

Technical studiesSpecifications

UE conf test specs

January 2008 Rel-8 specifications approved


January 2008, Rel 8 specifications approved December 2008, Rel-8 specification frozen

March 2009, ASN.1 code ready and backwards compatibility secured

Global LTE Commitments30+ Operators in over 16 countries

Vodafone


…and more to comeSource: Press releases and GSA (15 April, 2009)

Current 3GPP bands – early LTETDD

Band “Identifier” Frequencies (MHz)

33 34 TDD 2000 1900 1920

FDDBand “Identifier” Frequencies (MHz)

1 IMT Core Band 1920 1980/2110 2170 TDD 2000

“Identifier”

TDD

1900 192033 34

Frequencies (MHz)Band

IMT Core Band

“Identifier”

FDD

1920 1980/2110 21701

Frequencies (MHz)Band

33,34 TDD 2000 1900-19202010-2025

35,36 TDD 1900 1850-19101930-1990

37 PCS Center Gap (1915) 1910-1930

1 IMT Core Band 1920-1980/2110-2170

2 PCS 1900 1850-1910/1930-1990

3 GSM 1800 1710-1785/1805-1880

4 AWS (US & other) 1710-1755/2110-2155PCS Center Gap

TDD 1900

TDD 2000

(1915) 1910-193037

1850-19101930-1990

35,36

1900-19202010-2025

33,34

AWS (US & other)

GSM 1800

PCS 1900

IMT Core Band

1710-1755/2110-21554

1710-1785/1805-18803

1850-1910/1930-19902

1920-1980/2110-21701

37 PCS Center Gap (1915) 1910-1930

38 IMT Extension Center Gap

2570-2620

39 China TDD 1880-1920

40 2 3 TDD 2300 2400

5 850 824-849/869-894

6 850 (Japan) 830-840/875-885

7 IMT Extension 2500-2570/2620-2690

8 GSM 900 880-915/925-9601880-1920China TDD 39

2570-2620IMT Extension Center Gap

38

2 3 TDD

PCS Center Gap

2300 240040

(1915) 1910-193037

GSM 900

IMT Extension

850 (Japan)

850

880-915/925-9608

2500-2570/2620-26907

830-840/875-8856

824-849/869-8945

40 2.3 TDD 2300-2400

Additional (FDD&TDD)3.5 GHz 3400-3600

8 GSM 900 880 915/925 960

9 1700 (Japan) 1750-1785/1845-1880

10 3G Americas 1710-1770/2110-2170

11 UMTS1500 1428-1453/1476-1501

2.3 TDD 2300-240040

790-862800 MHz

Additional (FDD&TDD)1428-1453/1476-1501UMTS150011

1710-1770/2110-21703G Americas10

1750-1785/1845-18801700 (Japan) 9

GSM 900 880 915/925 9608

3.7 GHz 3600-380012, US 700 698-716/728-746

13, 776-788/746-758

14 788-798/758-768

17 704-716/734-746

3.5 GHz 3400-3600

704-716/734-74617

788-798/758-76814

776-788/746-75813,

US 700 698-716/728-74612,

= Under study in 3GPP

3.7 GHz 3600-3800


LTE deployed in new and existing bands

TechnologyMobile Broadband speed evolution

LTE

HSPA+

LTE

~2014

~1000 Mbps

Operator dependent

2010

~150 Mbps

10-100 Mbps

2009

42 Mbps

1-10 Mbps

Market impact

Peak rate

Typical user rate downlink

Operator dependent

100 MHz

5-50 Mbps

20 MHz

0.5-4.5 Mbps

5 MHz

Typical user rate uplink

Bandwidth


Excellent user and network experience

LTE Device Introduction


UE CategoriesCategory 1 2 3 4 5

DL peak rate 10 50 100 150 300p 10 50 100 150 300

UL peak rate 5 25 50 50 75

M DL dMax DL mod 64QAM

Max UL mod 16QAM 64QAM

Layers for spatial mux. 1 2 4


Ericsson LTE SAE Achievements

144 Mbps Selected by NTT DoCoMoEnd-to-end call on

Demonstrations around the world

Selected by Telia Sonera

FDD and TDD on same base station platform

handheld devices

Multi-site, multi handhelddevices with

bilit

world

Start of device interoperability testing

Selected by Verizon Wireless


mobility testing

C l iConclusion

SpeakerSpeaker

Summary

LTE superior user experienceLTE – superior user experience with simplified technology

First commercial roll outs 2009 globallyFirst commercial roll-outs2009 globallyroll-outs 2009 globally

Ericsson technology

2009 globally

EricssonEricsson – technology leading industry driverEricsson Technology leading industry driver


(Good)LTE and SAE

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