Good Things We Get From Plants

1. Oxygen for humans and animals to breath

2. Fuel for heating and transportation

3. Building materials

4. Medicines

5. Food for human and animal nutrition

6. Fabric for clothing and other purposes

7. Paper

8. Cover against wind and water

9. Habitat for animals

10. Aesthetics

Basic Parts of the Plant

RootsStemsLeavesFlowers

Roots

1. Anchor Plant2. Absorb water and

minerals3. Translocate water

and minerals to stem4. Store Food

Stems

1. Translocate water, minerals and food to the leaves

2. Support the leaves and display them to light

3. Store Food

Leaves

1. Make food through photosynthesis

2. Provide site of gas exchange

3. Store food

Flowers

1. Contain organs for specialized sexual production

2. Produce seeds and fruit

Different type of Roots

A. Tap RootContinuation of the primary

rootIdeal for anchoragePenetration is greater for

waterStorage area for food made

by photosynthesis

Different type of Roots

B. Fibrous RootsMany finely branched

secondary rootsShallow roots cover a

large areaMore effective absorption of water and minerals

Roots hold the soil to prevent erosion

Different type of Roots

C. Aerial rootsClinging air roots

Short roots that grow horizontally from the stems

Roots that fasten the plant to a support

Absorptive air roots

Different type of Roots

Adventitious RootsDevelop in places other than nodes

Can form on cuttings and rhizomes

Roots

Root hairs: Tiny one celled hair like

extensions of the epidermal cells located near the tips of the roots where vascular tissues have formed.

Increase surface areaAbsorb water and

minerals from soil

Principal Tissues of the Leaf

EpidermisCuticle

Waxy substance covers the leaves and stems

Waterproof layer that keeps water in plants

Principal Tissues of the Leaf

Epidermis (cont)Stomata

Openings in the epidermis mainly located on underside of leaves

Exchange of gases

Principal Tissues of the Leaf

Epidermis (cont)Guard Cells

Two cells located on each side of stomata

Open and closes stomata

Principal Tissues of the Leaf

Mesophyll layerPalisade mesophyll

Primary site of photosynthesis

Spongy mesophyllContains air and chloroplasts

Site of photosynthesis and gas exchange

Principal Tissues of the Leaf

Veins or vascular bundlesIn spongy mesophyllPhloem tissues conduct

food from photosynthesis to rest of plant

Xylem tissues conduct water and minerals up to cells in leaves and stems

Parts of the Flower

SepalsOuter covering of the flower

budProtects the stamens and

pistils when flower is in bud stage

Parts of the Flower

PetalsBrightly coloredProtects stamen and

pistillsAttracts pollinating

insects

Parts of the Flower

StamensMale Reproductive partAnther-produces pollenFilament-supports the anther

Parts of the Flower

PistilFemale reproductive partOvary

Enlarged portion at base of pistill

Produces ovules which develop into seeds

StigmaHolds the pollen grains

Parts of the Flower

StyleConnects the stigma with

ovarySupports the stigma so

that it can be pollinated

Complete and Incomplete Flowers

Complete: have all four main partsSepalsPetalsStamensPistils