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LONG TERM AND IMMEDIATE CAUSES OF THE

CIVIL WAR

Social Studies Solutions

19-20

Key Event How does it lead to division?

Compromise of 1820 Admitted ______________ as a _____ state and _________

as a _____ state, drew a line to determine the future of

__________, did not settle issue of ________________

Sectionalism

(Slavery, Economics, Tariffs, Land, etc.)

Each region of the country is only concerned about its _____

__________. ________ favors a high tariff which ______ the

South’s ________, South’s economy is dependent on

___________, while the North __________ opposes it.

Annexation of Texas Debate over __________ delays Texas becoming a state

Wilmot Proviso Attempted to _____ slavery in territories gained from

___________war, _____ in Congress

Compromise of 1850 (Stronger Fugitive Slave Law)

North gets ______________ admitted as a _____ state,

________ gets as stronger ___________ ______ law but the

North didn’t like it, which ___________ tensions

UNCLE TOM’S CABIN

Harriet Beecher Stowe--author

Depicted evils of slavery to public

Uncle Tom— slave Simon Legree— cruel slave

owner 1852—sold over 1 million

copies Importance:

The undecided now favor anti-slavery side

Angers Southerners, see it as attack on way of life

KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT: 1854—popular sovereignty passed as law in

Compromise of 1850 to determine slavery (people of state vote on slavery)

Rush to populate state with “voters” for each side (pro-slavery and abolitionists)

Result = Bleeding Kansas: slavery and abolitionist forces resort to violence

Foreshadows Civil War, shows popular sovereignty will not work

A fight in the U.S. Senate: Preston Brooks v Charles Sumner—Brooks

beats Sumner with a cane for his attacks on slavery in the South, foreshadows Civil War

DRED SCOTT V. SANFORD 18571857 Scott is a slave he is taken into free states

sues for freedom based on Missouri Compromise (above line is free) Supreme Court (majority Southern) rules:

Blacks are not citizens, slaves are property & you can take property anywhere

Can’t ban slavery Missouri Compromise is illegal

DEVELOPMENT OF REPUBLICAN PARTY

Topic of slavery has come to dominate the differences in political parties

By 1850—differences have peaked so that anit-slavery Whigs, Democrats, and Free-Soilers: form a new anti-slavery party

The Republicans: official party policy was to oppose the growth of slavery where it didn’t already exist

LINCOLN-DOUGLAS DEBATESLINCOLN-DOUGLAS DEBATES Senate Race 1858:

Stephen Douglas (Democrat) and Abraham Lincoln (Republican)

Debate over slavery: neither man favored

slavery, so how argue it? Douglas issues Freeport

Doctrine— slavery needs certain

laws in order to exist, if you don’t want slavery don’t pass the laws and there will be not slavery

Douglas goes on to win election, but Lincoln gains national fame

JOHN BROWN’S RAID John Brown was an extreme abolitionist (no

slavery) Attempted to capture Harper’s Ferry (a military

arsenal in Virginia) with the intent to arm slaves to rebel

He and his men were surrounded and forced to surrender

Brown found guilty and then hanged—becomes a martyr for abolitionists

Southerners believe Brown represents Northerners who want control of the Southern lifestyle and economy

SOUTHERN SECESSIONSOUTHERN SECESSION 1860 election—

slavery had divided the parties: Republican Lincoln pledges to stop spread of slavery

but not interfere with South Douglas got support of Northern Democrats John Breckinridge got Southern Democrats John Bell runs under Constitutional Union Party

LINCOLN’S ELECTION Lincoln wins election with no southern electoral

votes Southern states secede (leave) in fear of gov’t

where they have no voice Lincoln says states’ don’t have right to secede, main

goal is to preserve the Union SC is first, followed by 6 others Confederated States of America (CSA or South)

formed before Lincoln takes office Jefferson Davis is elected Confederate President

“This country will be drenchedin blood…the people of the North…are not going to let the country be destroyed without a might effort to save it…”

Uncle Tom’s Cabin Depicts the ________ of ________________, angers many ______________ people who

now join _____-slavery side, angers ____________ because they see at as an

___________ on their way of life

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Rules ______________ Compromise unconstitutional, adopts idea of __________

__________ to determine slavery in the ________________, leads to ______________

______________ (pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces fighting)

Dred Scott v. Sanford Rules that __________ are not __________, slavery can’t be ______, slaves are

___________, angers _________________.

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

_____________ ____________ issued by Douglas states slavery needs laws to exist, don’t

pass these laws and there will be no slavery, makes ________________ ____________,

demonstrates __________ as a topic of tension between North and South

John Brown’s Raid ___________ sees him as a __________ or hero for the cause, __________ sees Brown as

the North trying to take over South, angers the _________.

Election of 1860 _______________ wins with no ____________ votes, causes __ __ to ___________ from

Union, South feels they have no ____________ in _____________.

Review QuestionsReview Questions

1.1. Which event convinced many Which event convinced many Southerners that they had lost their voice Southerners that they had lost their voice in the national government?in the national government?

a.a. The The Dred Scott Dred Scott decisiondecision

b.b. The issuance of the Freeport DoctrineThe issuance of the Freeport Doctrine

c.c. John Brown’s raid at Harpers’ FerryJohn Brown’s raid at Harpers’ Ferry

d.d. Lincoln’s election as presidentLincoln’s election as president

2. Which of the following was the LEAST 2. Which of the following was the LEAST divisive issue in the election of 1856?divisive issue in the election of 1856?

a.a. The candidacy of James BuchananThe candidacy of James Buchanan

b.b. The Kansas-Nebraska ActThe Kansas-Nebraska Act

c.c. The expansion of slaveryThe expansion of slavery

d.d. Uncle Tom’s CabinUncle Tom’s Cabin

3. Why did Kansas become a center of 3. Why did Kansas become a center of controversy over the issue of slavery?controversy over the issue of slavery?

a.a. Because it extended the power of the Missouri Because it extended the power of the Missouri CompromiseCompromise

b.b. Because the Kansas-Nebraska Act opened Because the Kansas-Nebraska Act opened the territory to slavery and popular the territory to slavery and popular sovereignty sovereignty

c.c. The Know-Nothing Party disagreed with The Know-Nothing Party disagreed with opening the territory to slaveryopening the territory to slavery

d.d. All of the aboveAll of the above

4. Why did most Free-Soilers object to 4. Why did most Free-Soilers object to slavery?slavery?

a.a. They believed slavery was morally wrongThey believed slavery was morally wrongb.b. They believed the South should be forced They believed the South should be forced

to industrializeto industrializec.c. They believed that white workers could They believed that white workers could

not get jobs in competition w/ slavesnot get jobs in competition w/ slavesd.d. The party actually had no opinion on The party actually had no opinion on

slaveryslavery

5. What was the significance of the 5. What was the significance of the Dred Dred ScottScott decision? decision?

a.a. It declared slaves were propertyIt declared slaves were property

b.b. It effectively repealed the Missouri It effectively repealed the Missouri CompromiseCompromise

c.c. It stated that because Scott was a slave, It stated that because Scott was a slave, he had no rights in courthe had no rights in court

d.d. All of the aboveAll of the above

6. What was the significance of the election 6. What was the significance of the election of 1856 for Abraham Lincoln?of 1856 for Abraham Lincoln?

a.a. He won the electionHe won the election

b.b. His debates against his opponent, His debates against his opponent, Stephen Douglas afforded him national Stephen Douglas afforded him national attentionattention

c.c. Stephen Douglas became presidentStephen Douglas became president

d.d. Lincoln learned nothing about running for Lincoln learned nothing about running for office in the national spotlightoffice in the national spotlight

7. “So you’re the little lady that started this 7. “So you’re the little lady that started this big war,” stated by Lincoln, most likely big war,” stated by Lincoln, most likely refers to whom?refers to whom?

a.a. Harriet TubmanHarriet Tubman

b.b. Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet Beecher Stowe

c.c. Elizabeth Cady Stanton Elizabeth Cady Stanton

d.d. Sojourner Truth Sojourner Truth

Civil War Timeline Part 1Civil War Timeline Part 1 Create a timeline Create a timeline

(events must be in (events must be in order by month and order by month and year) year)

Include Include 2 major facts 2 major facts about each event—about each event—should include should include significance of event!significance of event!

Give your timeline a Give your timeline a titletitle

Include at least Include at least 66 pictures total!pictures total!

This is the 1This is the 1stst part of part of the timeline, you will the timeline, you will complete the 2complete the 2ndnd half half later this week. later this week.

Quiz GradeQuiz Grade

John Brown’s Raid John Brown’s Raid Kansas-Nebraska ActKansas-Nebraska Act Compromise of 1850Compromise of 1850 Election of 1860Election of 1860 Dred Scott v. SanfordDred Scott v. Sanford Compromise of 1820Compromise of 1820 Uncle Tom’s CabinUncle Tom’s Cabin Lincoln-Douglas DebatesLincoln-Douglas Debates

TITLETITLE:(Example of how to construct your timeline below)

Event 1Date

Event 2Date

Event 3Date

Event 4Date

1. Important Fact

2. ImportantFact

1. Important Fact

2. ImportantFact

1. Important Fact

2. ImportantFact

1. Important Fact

2. ImportantFact