Golf Ball Speed Analysis Apparatus
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Transcript of Golf Ball Speed Analysis Apparatus
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Golf Ball Speed Analysis Apparatus
By: Dan and David Langenderfer
Faculty Mentor: Dr. H. El-Mounayri
ENGR 196 Honors Project, Dec. 2001
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Outline of Presentation Original Intent 1st conceptual design Flaws in 1st design 2nd conceptual design Flaws in 2nd design Motion of apparatus Final design Changes to final
design Components
Animation at 30° Animation at 25° Graphs of
acceleration, velocity, forces, and position
Limitations Possible
Improvements
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Original Intent of Project
Find speed of baseball after being hit by a bat.
Slow the measuring apparatus down. Design apparatus to have relatively no
vibration.
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1st Design
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Flaws in 1st Design
The parts would have to be big to with stand speed.
The arms used to slow the mechanism down may fly apart.
The joints would not be pin joints, instead they would have to pivot.
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2nd Design
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Flaws In Second Design
The spring would have a large recoil velocity.
The recoil velocity could injure the player or break his equipment.
The parts would have to be rigid and strong for their size.
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Motion of Apparatus
Forces applied by the putter to the ball. Ball arm pivots on center shaft, while arrow
indicates speed of initial impact. Spring attached to ball arm counteracts the
initial impact of the putter. Ball returns to initial position.
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Final Design
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Changes In Final Design(Throughout Process)
Removed the spring from the shaft.
Connected arrow to the ball-arm.
Added half-sphere to the stop.
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Components of Final Design
Base Feature Ball-Arm Top Retainer Indicator Arrow Putter Spring (Removed from final assembly do to
complications in Pro Mechanica).
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Base Feature
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Ball-Arm
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Top Retainer
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Indicator Arrow
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Putter
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Spring
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Assembly
Aligned center axis of base feature with center axis of the ball-arm.
Mated the ball-arm, indicator arrow, and top retainer.
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Initial Conditions
Putter Angle1 = 0.5236
radians Velocity = 0.17244
radians per second
Angle2 = 0.4363 radians
Velocity = 0.17244 radians per second
Ball arm Angle1 = 0 radians Velocity = 0
radians per second
Angle2 = 0 radians Velocity = 0
radians per second
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Animation at 30º(click on image)
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Animation at 25º(click on image)
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Results Angular Acceleration Angular Velocity Joint Force Joint Torque Shoulder Force Shoulder Torque Point Acceleration Point Position Point Velocity
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Angular Acceleration
-350
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Pivot Joint Shoulder
-350
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
50
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
Ang
ular
Acc
ele
ratio
n (r
adia
ns/s
econ
d2)
Time (seconds)
Ang
ular
Acc
ele
ratio
n (r
adia
ns/s
econ
d2)
Time (seconds)
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Angular Velocity
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Pivot Joint Shoulder
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
Ang
ular
Vel
ocity
(r
adia
ns/s
econ
d)
Time (seconds)
Ang
ular
Vel
ocity
(r
adia
ns/s
econ
d)
Time (seconds)
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Joint Force
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Pivot Joint
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
For
ce (
poun
ds)
Time (seconds)
For
ce (
poun
ds)
Time (seconds)
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Joint Torque
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Pivot Joint
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
Time (seconds)
Time (seconds)
Tor
que
(pou
nd*i
nche
s)T
orqu
e (p
ound
*inc
hes)
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Shoulder Force
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
For
ce (
poun
ds)
Time (seconds)
For
ce (
poun
ds)
Time (seconds)
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Shoulder
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
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Shoulder Torque
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
Tor
que
(pou
nd*i
nche
s)T
orqu
e (p
ound
*inc
hes)
Time (seconds)
Time (seconds)
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Shoulder
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
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Point Acceleration
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
Ang
ular
Acc
ele
ratio
n (r
adia
ns/s
econ
d2)
Time (seconds)
Ang
ular
Acc
ele
ratio
n (r
adia
ns/s
econ
d2)
Time (seconds)
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Ball Arrow Tip
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
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Point Position
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
Dis
tanc
e (r
adia
ns)
Time (seconds)
Dis
tanc
e (r
adia
ns)
Time (seconds)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Ball Arrow Tip
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
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Point Velocity
Angle 25°
Angle 30°
Ang
ular
Vel
ocity
(r
adia
ns/s
econ
d)
Time (seconds)
Ang
ular
Vel
ocity
(r
adia
ns/s
econ
d)
Time (seconds)
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Ball Arrow Tip
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
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Limitations
Scale is not calibrated. Indicator arrow does not help golfer find
velocity, distance, or force. Linear spring may affect results. Ball-arm hits support for scale. Motion never stops.
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Possible Improvements
Different source of resistance.
Move support for scale.