Goat Farming: A Viable Enterprise for Smallholders

and Landless People

S.K. SinghAICRP on Goat ImprovementCIRG, Farah, Mathura 281122

sks@cirg.res.in

World Scenario Goat Genetic Resources and

Production Potential of Local Breeds

Technological Interventions and its Impact on Income Generation

Future Prospects

Overview of Presentation

Goat Rearing- Fact Book• Flock Size Range between 2 to 3000, 95% male kids

sold between 3-6 m of age• 0ut of 154 m goats, approx. 30-40 thousands are with

organized sector• Most goat rears fall in nomadic, landless, marginal

category• Small flock owners produce goat milk for family

consumption while commercials farers aim for meat production

• Veterinary care is hardly available to goats• Flock below 5 are managed by ladies and children.• Presently benefit from a doe range between Rs 1000-

1500/goat/year

Major Goat Producing Countries

Africa 95 16.5%

Asia 184

(32%)

Eu-rope 215

(37.2%)

Latin America 28

Near

and Middle East 34

North America 8 Southwest Pacific 11

Goat Breed (575) and Population Distribution

World-Over

58%

4%

35%

2% 1%

Asia

America

Africa

Europe

Oceania

Population Breed

Africa America Asia Europe Oceania0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

MeatMilk

%Regional Share of Goat Meat and Milk

Breeds

• Berari, Kokan Kalyani added &

• Many more may add to it?

4 Percent of World

Status of goat population in states as per New Development

Index of States Categories of

states Goat

population Area Human

populationRelatively Developed (7)

17 20 24

Less Developed (11)

33 29 31

Least Developed (10)

50 51 45

In %

Technological InterventionsCategories InterventionsHealth Vaccination (PPR, ET, FMD & Goat Pox)

Dipping, Deworming (twice in a year)

Nutrition Strategic supplementation @ 150 gm to fattening kids50 gm /day to breeder does and ad-liband iodized salt

Breeding Identify, evaluate and distribute genetically superior true to breed type buck

Extension & Marketing

Capacity building of stake holders, e-monitoring and advisory servicesEducate & organise farmers to sell goats at commercial age through efficient marketing channel

Annual Impact of Technological Interventions A- Health

Particulars ValuesGoat Population (Million) 154Slaughter % 45

Cost of Prophylactic Medicine /operations (Rs) 70

Mortality without Health Interventions (Million) 23

Mortality after Health Interventions (Million) 7.7Goat Saved (Million) 15.4Value of Goats Saved (in million Rs) 61600Cost of health management (in million Rs) 10780

Annual Increment to livestock GDP (Million Rs) 50820

Increment in current goat GDP due to health intervention (%) 22

Annual Impact of Technological Interventions B- Nutrition

Particulars ValuesSupplementation to a Kid @ 0.15 Kg/ day for 150 days (Kg) 22.5

Increase in body weight over and above normal @ 30% at 9 m of age (Kg) 4.5

Increase at national Level assuming approx. 40% kids (MT) 277200

Cost of Extra feed @ Rs 15/kg (million Rs.) 20790Value of increased live body weight @ 150/kg (million Rs.) 41580

Net gain (million Rs.) 20790

Annual Impact of Technological Interventions C- Breeding and Reproduction

Particulars ValuesBucks Required (Million) 3.1Recording Required on Male Kids (Million) 30.8

Recording Required on Male Kids each year assuming 3 years production life of a buck (Million) 10.3

Replacement of Bucks each year (Million) 1.0Current Chevon production (1000 MT) 596600Goat milk production ( 1000 tone) 4760000Increment due to genetic interventions/anumChevon (1000 MT) 5966Milk ( 1000 tone) 95200

Impact of Technological Interventions

D- Extension and Marketing

Particulars ValuesBody weight of Kids sold between 3-6 month (Kg) 12.5

Body weight of Kids sold between 9-12 month (Kg) 16.5

Difference in body weight (Kg) 4

Addition to Body weight (MT) 138600

Value of Increased body weight (Million Rs) 2079

Breed Sangamneri

Assam Hill Goat

Barbari Gaddi Ganjam Jamunapari Malabari

Population growth

74.35

46.20 149 112.66 61.2 101.1 89.34

90 DMY 82.86 -- 44.2 -- -- 87.90 86.4

AFS 306.9 254.91 363 -- 406.7 688.3 256.15

AFK 458.7 402.98 407 -- 611.4 823.5 398.03

9M wt

18.3±.4

10.43 14.8±.4

23.7±0.5 14.3±.6 19.45±0.4 19.2±0.5

Mortality 2.41 9.75 4.9 6.07 5.81 6.67 3.60

Performance of Goat Breeds of the country

Breed Marwari Osmanabadi

Black Bengal Ranchi

SirohiField

Surti Black Bengal Kolkata

Population growth %

95.79 171.3 64.79 80.93 104.13 62.71

90 DMY Lit

105.26 60.4 -- 71.4 122.1 --

AFS Days 268.0 NA 270.43 551.66 526±23 237.32

AFK days 418.5 418 420.92 702.25 671±23 379.05

9M Wt (kg)

19.98±0.4 22.7±1.4 10.33 22.2 20.2±0.3 10.66

Mortality %

5.7 3.36 8.04 1.99 5.03 6.95

Continue

Role of KVK’s in Goat Rearing

Identify and notify niches rich in Goat Genetic Resources and flocks which can be used as multiplier flock to produce breeder goats.

Document prevalence of common Goat diseases of the area, and apply Health Calendar

Promote use of quality bucks &Organise Goat Keepers for Intelligent Marketing

Thanks from Goat keepers of the Country