Imperialism and World War I

Goals 6 and 8

Imperialism

A. Imperialism:- When a stronger

nation attempts to create an empire by dominating weaker nations – economically, politically, culturally, and/or militarily.

Imperialism

B. Frederick Turner’s Thesis:

- Western Frontier has closed and no more land in America is to be discovered.

Imperialism

C. Spheres of Influence:- Areas of political

and economic control in China.

- America and other powers such as Britain, France, and Germany were looking for these.

Imperialism

D. Alfred T. Mahan:- Writes Influence of

Sea Power Upon History.

- Argues that America’s success rests on finding new markets and having a two sea navy.

Imperialism

E. Anglo-Saxon Superiority:

- Helping natives or “heathens” by spreading Christianity and modern society.

- Favored by Josiah Strong.

Imperialistic Gains

A. Seward’s Folly:- Secretary of State William H. Seward purchased Alaska from Russia. Many people were against the purchase, which is why it became known as “Seward’s Folly.”

Imperialistic Gains

B. Annexation of Hawaii:- After a power struggle between Hawaiian royalty and planters, Congress approved the annexation of Hawaii in order to protect its world trade.

Imperialistic Gains

C. Queen Liliuokalani:- With the help of pineapple planter, Sanford Dole, Queen Liliuokalani was removed from her throne and Hawaii was declared a republic.

Imperialistic Gains D. Panama Canal:- Built under T.

Roosevelt’s administration in order to provide a shorter route between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.

- Provided for faster and cheaper global shipping as well as increased naval speed in a time of war.

Do Now

Can magazine, newspaper, and online articles be

enough to start an entire war??

Answer this question on a sheet of paper.

Spanish American War A. Cuba:- Cubans begin to rebel

against their government.

- Ask for help from America but are repeatedly turned down.

- Begin setting fire to American sugar plantations.

Spanish American War

B. USS Maine: - Mysteriously blows

up in Havana harbor.

- U.S. blames on Spain.

Spanish American War

C. De Lome Letter:- Letter found by

America that insulted President McKinley.

Spanish American War

D. Yellow Journalism:- News stories that

sensationalized events in Cuba.

- William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer.

Spanish American War

E. Jingoism:- Yellow Journalism

led to extreme bursts of national pride.

Spanish American War

F. “Splendid Little War”:

- Fought in Cuba and the Philippines.

- Called this as it only lasted 100 days.

Spanish American War

G. Rough Riders:- Group of cowboys, convicts, and tough guys. - Led by Theodore

Roosevelt.

Spanish American War

H. San Juan Hill:- Rough Riders and

Theodore Roosevelt charge up San Juan Hill.

- Most famous battle in the war.

Spanish American War

I. Treaty of Paris:- Ended the war.

- $20 million for Cuba’s independence and U.S. got Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico.

- U.S. military government in Cuba for 3 years.

Spanish American War J. Teller Amendment:- U.S. not to annex Cuba.

K. Platt Amendment:

- Cuba creates constitution.

- Cuban government could not enter any foreign agreements, it must allow the US to have naval bases in Cuba, and it gave the US permission to intervene in Cuba whenever the US deemed necessary.

Yellow Journalism Analysis

• You have been given a number. • These numbers are posted around the

room. • Go to these numbers.

Yellow Journalism Analysis

• Now that you are at your station: you and your partner will answer the questions on the board based on the image at your station.

• You will do this on one sheet of paper. Put both names on the paper.

• You will have 4 minutes at each station then you will switch.

Create Your Own

• You will now create your own Yellow Journalism Article on a modern person, event, or issue.

• You must include:

- Image that you have drawn depicting person, event, or issue.

- Caption or title that is over-sensationalized. - Description of how your creation relates to

those from the Spanish American War.

Gallery Walk

• Based on the creations you have made you will perform a gallery walk.

• You will visit each creation for 2 minutes. • You will SILENTLY view each one as if in an

art gallery. • You will grade each one on a rubric. • I will tell you when to move stations.

MET Not Yet

Do Now

1) In your own words explain the quote above.

2) Who would America show diplomacy toward?

3) Based on this what are we talking about today?

Big Stick Diplomacy Analysis

Imperial Presidents

A. Diplomacy:- How a country

deals with foreign affairs.

Imperial Presidents

B. “Big Stick Diplomacy”:- President

Roosevelt’s philosophy on foreign affairs.

Imperial Presidents

C. Roosevelt Corollary:- U.S. does not want

more territory but just wanted to protect the smaller and weaker ones.

- Added to the Monroe Doctrine.

Imperial Presidents

D. Open Door Policy: - Ensure that

America has an opportunity to access Chinese markets.

- China is reluctant to be under influence of foreign nations.

Imperial Presidents

E. Boxer Rebellion:- 300 foreigners and

Christians killed in China.

- Resulted from Open

Door Policy.

Imperial Presidents

F. “Dollar Diplomacy”: - President Taft’s

philosophy on diplomacy.

- Substitute dollars for bullets. Invest in smaller and weaker nations’ economies.

Imperial Presidents

G. Missionary (Moral) Diplomacy:- President Wilson’s

approach to diplomacy.

- Help smaller and weaker nations only when it felt morally obligated.

Anti-Imperialsim

A. Anti-Imperialism League:

- Many argued that if the United States took over nations, those nations’ citizens should be entitled to the same rights as US citizens.

Anti-Imperialism

B. Others:

- White Southerners believed imperialism meant absorbing more races into America.

- Others believed it to be expensive.

Roosevelt Corollary Analysis

• Pass out Roosevelt Corollary Article/Excerpt.

• I will read the second paragraph. • Who will read the third, fourth, etc.?

• When we are finished answer the comprehension questions that are on the back.

• SHARE OUT!

Imperial President Categorization

• Pass out Presidents Charts. • Using notes, Roosevelt Corollary Article,

and other information that you have been provided with:

- Describe the diplomacy of each president listed in your OWN words.

• We will fill in Roosevelt as a class.

Compare and Contrast

• Compare and contrast the policies. • How are they alike? How are they different?

• Write a 1 – 2 paragraph response. • Be sure to:- Show how they are similar. - Show how they are different. - Explain which one you think the people of

Latin America preferred and why. - Explain which one you prefer and why.

Do Now

On a Sheet of Paper:

How could imperialism lead to conflict between many different nations? Explain.

Causes of World War I

A. Short-Term Causes:

- Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.

- Countries involved in alliances.

Causes of World War I

B. Archduke Ferdinand:- Heir to the Austro-

Hungarian Empire, and his wife were killed on a visit to Bosnia. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia (thinking they were behind the attack).

Causes of World War I

C. Alliance System:- Other countries

brought into war as they back other nations with money and support.

Turn, Talk, and Write

• Turn to your neighbor.

• Review the short term causes of WWI and discuss.

• Create a pair summary (IN YOUR OWN WORDS) of the short term causes of World

War I.

Memoirs from the Scene

• You have been given a memoir from Count Franz von Harrach who was at the scene of

the assassination.

• Read the memoir excerpt and record your reactions in the blank space below the

excerpt.

• Read the directions on the next page. • Choose a side, write a letter, and use

evidence!

Causes of World War I

D. Long Term Causes:- Militarism,

Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

Causes of World War I

E. Militarism:- Nations of Europe

had been building up their armies and weapons.

Causes of World War I

F. Alliances:- European countries

had created a system of alliances to keep a balance of power.

Causes of World War I

G. Imperialism:- European countries

had been competing for influence around the world.

Causes of World War I

H. Nationalism: - Countries wanted

to gain power and took actions that were in their own interest.

Turn, Talk, and Write

Turn to your neighbor.

Review the long term causes of WWI and discuss.

Create a pair summary (IN YOUR OWN WORDS) of the short term causes of World

War I.

Mnemonic Device

What is a mnemonic device?

Any learning device that helps you retain information learned.

Causes of WWI:

M – Militarism A – Alliances

I – Imperialism N – Nationalism

MAIN Causes of WWI

History Frame

• Let’s make sure that we have understood the story that is the causes of WWI.

• Using the History Frames you have been given let’s digest the information and map it out as we have done with other

events this week.

• We will do the first few boxes together.

Start of the War

A. Allies:- Russia, France,

Great Britain.

Start of the War

B. Central Powers:- Germany, Austria-

Hungary, Ottoman Empire.

Start of the War

C. United States:- Remained

neutral/isolationist in the beginning to protect trade.

Do Now

Look at the image on the right.

Analyze it.

Record your response on a sheet

of paper.

Changing Warfare

A. Trench Warfare:-Armies dug long trenches in which they hid, they would stand and shoot out the top short distances away from each other.

Changing Warfare

B. “No Man’s Land”: - Unoccupied region

between the two armies.

Changing Warfare

C. Mustard Gas:- Efficient way to kill

a large number of people.

- Created gas masks to protect army.

Changing Warfare

D. Tanks and Airplanes:- Made travel across

land easier. - Planes allow for

aerial warfare and bomb droppings.

Changing Warfare Clip

http://www,youtube.com/watch?v=WV_KLJKikfc

Respond to the following:

1) WWI was the first modern war. Yes? No? How So?2) How did these inventions change the way wars are

fought?

WW1- First World War Technology 1.mp4

All Quiet on the Western Front

• You have been given a number. • That number is somewhere in the room. • Go to your part of the room and meet your

partner(s).

• Read your excerpt from the novel. • Recreate the scene in a skit.

• Perform for the class.

Trench Warfare Simulation

• Separate desks to form two rows. • Get paper to create “grenades.”• No Man’s Land is in the center.

• You may go into No Man’s Land to get more ammo but if you are hit, you are dead and must remain there until the

next round.

Exit Ticket

1) In what ways did technology change as a result of the ensuing World War

2) What types of technology were invented and what did they do?

3) Predict what this will mean at the end of the war.

Do Now

Of the information, issues, and incidents you have learned about…Which is most likely to

bring America into WWI?

Record your answer on a sheet of paper.

U.S. Becomes Involved

A. U-Boat Submarine Warfare:- German

submarines were attacking unarmed Ally merchant and passenger ships without warning. Several Americans were killed in the attacks.

U.S. Becomes InvolvedB. Lusitania:- British passenger ship,

torpedoed and sunk, killing over 1200, including 128 Americans.

C. Sussex: - French ship torpedoed

after Wilson had demanded Germany stop attacking.

U.S. Becomes Involved

D. Sussex Pledge:- Germany promised

to begin warning ships before they attacked.

- Germany ends the pledge and U.S. breaks ties and arms ships.

U.S. Becomes Involved

E. Election of 1916:- Woodrow Wilson

reelected as he kept America out of the war in the beginning.

U.S. Becomes Involved

F. Zimmerman Telegram:- A telegram from

Germany to Mexico was intercepted Germany attempted to convince Mexico to declare war on the US in return for land.

- U.S. enters war to make the world safe for democracy.

Do Now

How does a nation prepare for war?

Record your responses on a sheet of paper.

Image Analysis

Analyze the image above on your DO NOW.

The U.S. at Home

A. Great Migration:

- African Americans move North for factory jobs.

B. Boards:- War Industries

Board, War Labor Board, and Food & Fuel Administration board.

The U.S. at Home

C. Committee on Public Information:- George Creel was

appointed by President Wilson to head this war propagation committee which promoted the war domestically while publicizing American war aims abroad.

Propaganda Analysis

1) You have each been given a propaganda poster.

2) You will analyze the poster with the following questions:

- What is this poster about?- Who is it meant for?

- How does it relate to the war?- Is it convincing/enticing?

3) You will present your findings to the class.

The U.S. at Home

D. Food Administration: - Herbert Hoover

headed this organization during WWI, designed to conserve food at home so that it may be provided to allied troops.

The U.S. at Home

E. War Industries Board:- Established to

mobilize the nation's resources for war while protecting the economy's basic structure and character for the peace that was to follow.

The U.S. at Home

F. Espionage and Sedition Acts:- Provided the

government with powers over the rights of free speech and press.

The War Ends

A. Wilson’s Fourteen Points:

- Stated support for open peace covenants, no secret agreements, freedom of the seas, free trade, disarmament, adjustment of colonial claims, a League of Nations, and the rights of minorities.

The War Ends B. League of Nations:- A proposal of a group of

countries that would keep peace, presented to Senate in what became known as his “peace without victory” speech. Under the League of Nations, an attack on one was considered an attack on all.

- U.S. does not join.

The War Ends

C. “The Big Four”:- These were the four men that were responsible for creating the peace after WWI. They were President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, the Premier of Italy, and the Premier of France.

The War Ends D. Treaty of Versailles: - France was given

territory; The German Rhineland area would be demilitarized.

- England and the U.S. would protect France.

- Germany was give full responsibility for the war and was forced to billions of dollars in war reparations.

Treaty of Versailles Simulation

1) You have been given a reading and an opinion sheet.

2) You will partner up and share these. 3) Read the reading and answer the opinion questions that go along with it.

4) We will perform a simulation where you will paly the role you have been

assigned.5) BE SURE TO THINK AND ANSWER IN

ROLES!

Flocabulary

1) Listen to the Flocabulary rap about WW1.

2) Follow along with your printed lyrics. 3) Underline, highlight, circle everything

you remember us talking about as you go along.

4) We will answer the challenge questions at the end.

http://www.flocabulary.com/world-war-i/

The War Ends

E. Washington Naval Conference:- International

conference called by the United States to limit the naval arms race and to work out security agreements in the Pacific area.

The War Ends

F. Dawes Plan:- American investors

loaned Germany $2.5 billion to pay back Britain and France with annual payments on a fixed scale.

Exit Ticket

1) List at least two ways in which the United States prepared for/participated in the war.

2) Why did America get involved? Explain.

3) How might the end of World War I led to another war (WWII)?