Goal 2: Expansion and Reform (1801-1850) - The learner will assess the competing forces of...
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Transcript of Goal 2: Expansion and Reform (1801-1850) - The learner will assess the competing forces of...
Goal 2: Expansion and Reform (1801-1850) - The learner will assess the competing forces of expansionism,
nationalism, and sectionalism.
Objective 2.01: Analyze the effects of territorial Objective 2.01: Analyze the effects of territorial expansion and the admission of new states to the expansion and the admission of new states to the
Union.Union.
Manifest Destiny
Westward Expansion “America’s god-given right to expand West” East Coast to West
Coast
Why People Moved West
Religious Freedom Running from the law
or debt To own land To get rich (’49ers) Get a new start To be free
Trails West
Oregon Trail = immigration trail
Mormon Trail = immigration trail
Santa Fe Trail = trade route
1803-1806
Lewis & Clark Expedition explore the Louisiana Territory
Corps of Discovery
1st Americans to see the Pacific Ocean
". . . the object of your mission is to explore the Missouri river, and such ". . . the object of your mission is to explore the Missouri river, and such principal streams of it, as, by its course and communication with the waters of principal streams of it, as, by its course and communication with the waters of
the Pacific Ocean, whether the Columbia, Oregon, Colorado or any other river, the Pacific Ocean, whether the Columbia, Oregon, Colorado or any other river, may offer the most direct and practicable water communication across this may offer the most direct and practicable water communication across this
continent for the purposes of commerce . . ." continent for the purposes of commerce . . ."
1825
The Erie Canal connect the Atlantic Ocean & the Great Lakes.
Called the “Big Ditch”, it greatly improved shipping.
1835
American farmers in Texas begin a war of rebellion against Mexico.
Americans want more representation in the Mexican gov’t. Sound familiar?
1837
John Deere produces the steel plow, which now allows farmers to burst through the tough prairie soil known as sod.
1837
Cyrus McCormick produces the mechanical reaper allowing farmers to greatly reduce the amount of labor needed to harvest their grain crops.
In 1841 it took sixty-five hours to produce one acre of wheat; in 1941, it takes only two and one-half hours to do the same job.
1842
The Oregon territory opens for settlement; many would-be settlers travel along the 2,000 mile pathway across the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains known as the Oregon Trail.
The Donner Party
Immigrants moving to Immigrants moving to California 1848California 1848
Lost in Sierra Nevada Lost in Sierra Nevada Mtns. Mtns.
Terrible hardships, Terrible hardships, forced to eat forced to eat anything…anything…
Tastes like chicken
1844
James K. Polk used the slogan 54-40 or Fight! To push for the annexation of Oregon territory.
This settles the US National Border at that latitude line.
1847
Led by Brigham Young, the Mormons end their journey along the Mormon Trail at the shores of the Great Salt Lake in the Utah Territory.
Traveled west to escape religious persecution.
1848
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo gives all Mexican land north of the Rio Grande River to the USA.
Treaty officially ends the Mexican-American War, but causes more problems for the USA.
1850
Bavarian-born Levi Strauss patents & sells a new style of work trousers made from French fabric known as denim or genes cloth to many of the gold miners arriving in California.
War for Texas Independence1835-1836
Texas fights for independence from Mexico
1821: Mexico gains its independence from Spain
1821: Mexico invites American to settle in Texas
Americans would serve as buffers against Native Americans
War for Texas Independence1835-1836
1825: Stephen Austin established a successful American colony in Texas
1830: Mexico closed its borders to American settlers
1833: Stephen Austin asks Pres. Santa Anna (Mexico) for more self government & is put in jail.
American settlers wanted a say in the Mexican gov’t.
Sound familiar???????
War for Texas Independence1835-1836
1835: Battle of the Alamo American are slaughtered by
Santa Anna’s army Daniel Boone Jim Bowie
1836: Battle of San Jacinto Led by Sam Houston,
Americans attack Mexico – “Remember the Alamo!!”
War for Texas Independence1835-1836
1836: Treaty of Velasco Texas gains independence from Mexico & becomes its own country
1838: Sam Houston asks the US to annex Texas Annex = “to take”
1845: Texas becomes the 28th states in the USA Will it be a free state or a slave state?!?!?
1845: Us asks to buy California & New Mexico from Mexico for $25 million Mexico refuses & is mad
Still upset over Texas
1/1846: US Pres. Polk sent American troops to Southern Texas to protect disputed territory – 16 Americans die
Polk knew there would be American casualties & hoped it would compel Congress to declare war
Mexican-American War1846-1848
5/1846: Congress declares war on Mexico
North worried more slave states will enter the Union!!
Southerners support the war
6/1846: California declares independence from Mexico & becomes the Bear Flag Republic.
8/1847: US troops capture the capital of Mexico (Mexico City)