GO NP10 E1 1 GSM Coverage Planning-101(Old)

GSM Coverage Planning

ZTE University

Course Objectives

Master the processof coverage planning Master the link budget calculation process and rel

ated factors Master the link budget methods of ZTE equipment Master the meanings of common propagation mod

els

Contents

Coverage planning overview Link budget process and related factors 8000 equipment configuration introduction SDR equipment configuration introduction Propagation models

Objective of Coverage Planning

Input Thoughts

A C

Auxiliary methods

DOutput

B

Given objective areaGiven coverage KPIs Budget calculatio

n for links with balanced UL/DL powerRadius estimationSite locationSimulation

Site scaleSite distributionCoverage simulation

Electronic mapGoogle EarthSite distribution in the current networkNational inforation database

Coverage Planning Steps

MAINTMaintenance

Clarify the input

Link Budget Cell radius estimation

Network Scale Estimation

Site location Simulation

Determine coverage area size and range

Determine coverage KPIs

Network forms

Frequency Band

Service

Equipment

Antenna feeder

Margin

Level requirements

Propagation model

Radius estimation

Single-site coverage area

Total sites in the area

Automatic site location

Manual site location

Coverage simulation


Clarify the input



Network forms

How to acquire coverage areas

Obtain information of the current network through local consulting companies, design institutes or other channels

1. Customer

Negotiate with the office

3 Third party

The representative office make preparations and starts collecting information before the project commences

2.Representative Office

Create a national information database that contains major cities in important projects, polygons and population distribution.

4 Information database

•Which cities should be covered?•Where are these cities located?•How large are these parameters?•Which are the VIP areas of these cities, which areas are densly/sparsely populated?•……


Coverage ratio•Coverage probability at the cell-edge•Coverage probability over the entire cell

Coverage Level•Minimum Required Level•Design Level•Acceptance Level1111

2222

This is a guidance tender, and the office has no requirements. I suggest we follow the minimum required level.

The office requires the acceptance level should be -70 dBm in densely populated urban areas, with a coverage probability of 95%.

Clarify the input



Network forms

Clarify the input



Network forms


• STSR (Sector Transmit Sect

or Receive) is simply structur

ed. There is one logical cell

on every antenna direction.

• OTSR (Omni Transmit Sector

Receive) is implemented with

BBU+RRU. Each cell has mul

tiple antenna directions to cov

er different target areas that c

onstitute a logical cell.

• OTSR helps to reduce the han

dover selection between cells.

• OTSR hardware configuration

addition

STSR OTSR


Link Predication

Frequency Band

Service

Equipment

Antenna feeder

Margin

Level requirements

Link Predication purposes

1

Through observing factors that affect the propagation of UL and DL signals in the system, evaluate the UL and DL coverage capacity of the system, and obtain the maximum allowed path loss of the link at a certain quality level.

Link Predication Result

2

The maximum allowed path loss of the link is the smaller of the maximum allowed UL and DL path losses.

Link Predication Factors

3

Frequency Band/Service

Equipment/Antenna Feeder

Margin/Level Requirements Important!!


Cell Radius Estimation

Propagation model

Radius Estimation

Common Propagation models

Okumura-HataCOST231Standard ModelRay Tracing Model

Propagation model Test and Correction

For important projects, propagation model testing and correction is recommended.Utilize outsourcing resources.

Create the propagation model database!

Important!!


Cell Radius Estimation

Propagation model

Radius Estimation

Radius Estimation Prerequ

isites

Maximum allowed UL/DL path lossReasonable propagation model

Radius Estimation

Result

Maximum coverage distance of the cell under every propagation environment.

Propagation model: Lb=k1+k2lgd+k3Hm+k4lgHm+k5lghb+k6lghbLgd+k7*diffraction+ clutter Loss

Based on known values such as Lb, K parameters, Hm (height of the MS), Hb (height of BTS antenna), calculate d (distance between BTS and MS, km). The calculation result d is the estimated radius (km).

Example(s)


Network Scale Estimation

Single-site coverage area

Total sites in the area

Coverage area of an STSR site:Single site=1.95×r^2

Coverage area of a omni site:Single site=2.6×r^2

Total sites in the area= area size/coverage area of a single site


Site location

Automatic site location

Manual site location

Tools I/O Precautions

1. Mapinfo-manual

2. CNP-manual/automatic (research of automatic 3D site location is in progress)

3. APS Tool-automatic 2D site location

4. AIRCOM-manual

Input:

•Site scale

•Polygon

•Map

•GE

•Informatin of current network

•……

Output:

•Initial site layout

1. The topological structure should conform to the ideal network grid as much as possible.

2. Utilize current network topology as much as possible.

3. Refer to the trend of call traffic distribution.


MAINTMaintenanceSimulation

Coverage simulation

Coverage simulation inputElectronic map (3D planet map)Site engineering informationPropagation model parametersAntenna field shape……

1

Coverage simulation outputBest Server SignalBest Server AreaCoverage Probability…

2

Coverage simulation toolsCNPAIRCOM

3

Contents


Downlink Budget

Building Penetration Loss

path loss

Combiner Loss

Feeder/ Jumper and Connector Loss

Rx Sensitivity TRX output Power

Rack top Power

Including Margins:

Slow Fading Margin

Fast Fading Margin

Interference Margin

EIRP

Body loss

Uplink Budget

Building Penetration Loss

path loss

MS output Power

Antenna Gain

DiversityGain

Rx Sensitivity

Including Margins:

Slow Fading Margin

Fast Fading Margin

Interference Margin

Body loss

Feeder/ Jumper and Connector Loss

TMA

Link Budget Factors•Voice *GMSK•Data *GMSK/8PSK

•850M•PGSM900/EGSM•DCS1800M•1900M

•Feeder type and length•Antenna parameters and models•TMA

•Min Required Level•Design Level•Acceptance Level

•Transmit power•Combination method•Receiving sensitivity•Coverage enhancement technology

•Fast fading margin•Slow fading margin•Interference margin•Body loss•Building/vehicle body loss

Frequency Band

Different frequency bands

Affects feeder loss

Affects propagation model parame

ters

Affects the unit loss of combine

d/single linksAffects the transmit power of handset

s

Service

Service:Voice serviceData service

Modulation SchemeGMSK8-PSK

Impact on ServicesAffects BTS/MS receiving sensit

ivity

Affects BTS transmit power

Equipment Parameters

Equipment Parameters

BTS transmit power

MS receiving sensitivity

MS transmit power BTS receivi

ng sensitivity

• V2 series: BTSV2, OB06, BS30, BS21

• 8000 series: B8018, B8112, M8202, M8206

• SDR series: BS8200+RU02/RU60/R8860

MS transmit power

According to the GSM standards, the MS transmit power is as follows:

Power class GSM 900 Nominal Maximum output power

DCS 1800 Nominal Maximum output power

1 1 W (30 dBm)

2 8 W (39 dBm) 0.25 W (24 dBm)

3 5 W (37 dBm) 4 W (36 dBm)

4 2 W (33 dBm)

5 0.8 W (29 dBm)

BTS Transmit Power -V2Equipment t

ype

TX POWERRemarksGMSK (Voice ， CS1~CS4,M

CS1~MCS4)8-PSK (MCS5~MCS

9)

BTSV2

850M/1800M/1900M: 60W(EDGE Carrier) 40w(NonEDGE Carrier)900M/EGSM: 60W(EDGE Carrier) 40w(NonEDGE Carrier) 80w(NonEDGE Carrier)

40w(EDGE Carrier)

The output power of the cabinet top is related to the carrier configuration of the cell, selection of the link combiner, and new antennas. The coverage enhancement technology is not supported. In addition to EDGE carrier 60 W, there are two carrier output powers that do not support EDGE: 40 W and 80 W. Only GSM900M has the 80 W power, not other frequency bands 850M, 1800M, and 1900M.

OB06

850M/1800M/1900M: 60W(EDGE Carrier) 40w(NonEDGE Carrier)900M/EGSM: 60W(EDGE Carrier) 40w(NonEDGE Carrier) 80w(NonEDGE Carrier)

40w(EDGE Carrier)

The power of the cabinet top is related to the carrier configuration of the cell, selection of the link combiner, and new antennas. The coverage enhancement technology is not supported. In addition to EDGE carrier 60 W, there are two carrier output powers that do not support EDGE: 40 W and 80 W. Only GSM900M has the 80 W power, not other frequency bands 850M, 1800M, and 1900M.

BS30

900M/EGSM:2W(for indoor coverage)40W1800M:2W(for indoor coverage)20W

900M/EGSM:2W(for indoor coverage)40W1800M:2W(for indoor coverage)20W

BS30Each cabinet has 1 carrier, and outputs a power of 2 W in indoor coverage, and 40w(900) and 20w(1800) in outdoor coverage.

BS21

850M/1800M/1900M:60W(EDGE Carrier)40w(NonEDGE Carrier)900M/EGSM:60W(EDGE Carrier)40w(NonEDGE Carrier)80w(NonEDGE Carrier)

40w(EDGE Carrier)

The power of the cabinet top is related to the carrier configuration of the cell, selection of the link combiner, and new antennas. The coverage enhancement technology is not supported. In addition to EDGE carrier 60 W, there are two carrier output powers that do not support EDGE: 40 W and 80 W. Only GSM900M has the 80 W power, not other frequency bands 850M, 1800M, and 1900M.

1

BTS Transmit Power-8000 Series

Equipment type

TX POWER

RemarksGMSK (Voice ， CS1~CS4,MCS1~MCS4)

8-PSK (MCS5~MCS9)

B8018 60w 40w

The power of the cabinet top is related to the carrier configuration of the cell, selection of the link combiner, and new antennas. DPCT/DDT/FWDR/IRC is supported. Dual-density carrier.

B8112 60w 40w

The power of the cabinet top is related to the carrier configuration of the cell, selection of the link combiner, and new antennas. DPCT/DDT/FWDR/IRC is supported. Dual-density carrier.

M8202 30w(Top) 19w(Top)

M8202 has no combiner(neither internal nor external combiner), and the top always outputs30w(GMSK)/ 19w(PSK). Besides, it does not support DPCT, supporting DDT/FWDR/IRC only. Dual-density carrier.

M8206 30w(Top) 18w(Top)

M8206 has an external combiner unit (ECU), and ECU loss should be considered during link combination. In DPCT, ECU serves to perform power combination in the ECU, and then perform phase detection in eht internal CMB of the carrier, so ECU loss is not calculated.. M8206 supports DPCT/DDT/IRC/FWDR . Dual-density carrier.

2

BTS Transmit Power-SDR

Equipment type

TX POWER

RemarksGMSK (Voice ，CS1~CS4,MCS1~MCS4)

8-PSK (MCS5~MCS9)

RU02 45 W 28w

Applicable when the number of carriers in each cell is less than 4.When there are over two carriers, signals have to pass a combined link, which incurs a loss of 3dB. DPCT/DDT/FWDR/IRC is supported. Dual-density carrier.

RU60 60w 40 W

Top power is related to the number of logical carriers configured on each RRU. It supports DDT/FWDR/IRC, and does not support DPCT. Multiple-density carrier.

R8860 60w 40w

Top power is related to the number of logical carriers configured on each RRU. One optical fibre supports the cascading connection of up to 5 RRUs, and the capacity of 24 TRXs. It supports DDT/FWDR/IRC, and does not support DPCT. Multiple-density carrier.

3

Combiner and Divider Unit

4

•CDU•CEU•CEN•ECDU•ECU•MCDU

CDU Bypass

CDU CDU+CEU

ECDUCDU(BYPASS)+CENU

CDU+CENU

CDU+CEU+CENU ECU

Combiner(900M)Loss(d

B)

CDUG 4.4

CEUG 3.5

CENG 5.3

MCDUG 4.4

ECDUG 1

ECU 3.5

Combiner(1800M)

Loss(dB)

CDUD 4.6

CEUD 3.6

CEND 5.5

MCDUD 4.6

ECDUD 1

ECU 3.5

MCDU


4



4


NCEN

OTX1

TX1

TX2

TX3

OTX2

TX4

TX5

TX6

ERX1

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX2

RX5

RX6

RX7

RX8

TX1

TX2

TX3

OTX1OTX2

TX4

TX5

TX6

Com

biner1C

ombiner2

RX1RX2RX3RX4

Splitter1

RX5RX6RX7RX8

Splitter2

ERX2ERX1

(a) (b)

NCEN

In NCEN/2, the divider divides one link into two, and is used when there are 5-6 TRXs.


4



4


ECU is Expansion Combiner Unit.It is used for the link combination of M8206 and the power combination of DPCT.

ANT0

ANT1

MON

LOAD

COM0

COM1

ECU

Coupler

Load

1

2 3

4


4


NMCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX1

RTE

ANT_D

DuplexerL

NA

RX/TX

To ANT

NMCDU

Com

biner

Filter

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

TX1

TX2

MCDU can be used in cells that contain two frequencies in one cabinet. It helps to realize the dual-frequency configuration in the same level of a cabinet.

Coverage Enhancement Technology

Through the IRC, a higher gain than MRC can be obtained. In typical urban areas, a gain of 5-6 dB can be obtained. The IRC requires two receiving antennas, and its gain is usually set as 3 dB.

Bypass Combiner+TMA

Bypass Combiner+TMA

DPCTTwo transmitters send the same bursts at the same time, which pass the combiner and then form a carrier. The nominal gain of DPCT on the downlink is 2.5 dB.

DDT

By downlink delay diversity transmission, two transmitters transmit the same signal with a short delay. The two transmitters serve as one virtual transmitter. After an MS receives the two signals carrying the same message but different interference noises, it performs diversity processing and thus the downlink signals are strengthened. The nominal gain of DDT on the downlink is 3 dB.

FWDRWith Four Way Diversity Receiving for each transmitting path, an additional 2–5 dB gain will be brought to the system compared with the Two Way Diversity Receiving.

1

2

3

4

IRC

A traditional method to enhance DL/UL coverage.

5

Pay attention to the additional cost required by hardware configuration.

Both DPCT and DDT are downlink enhancement technologies. Select one from them!

Both IRC and FWDR are uplink enhancement technologies that can be used simultaneously.

Coverage Enhancement Technology

The equipment's support for the four coverage enhancement technologies.

Equipment type DPCT DDT IRC FWDR

RU02 Y Y Y Y

RU60 N Y Y Y

R8860 N Y Y Y

B8018 Y Y Y Y

B8112 Y Y Y Y

M8202 N Y Y Y

M8206 Y Y Y Y

BTSV2 N N N N

OB06 N N N N

BS30 N N N N

BS21 N N N N

Receiver sensitivity

Sin (dBm) = hot noise power+ system noise factor + SNR Eb/No Sin(dBm) is the sensitivity of the receiver. Hot noise power=K*T*BRF

K is the Boltzmann constant, equaling 1.381×10-23 W/Hz/K;

T is the temperature (K). The room temperature is 290 K;

BRF is the bandwidth of the ratio frequency, 200000Hz

Hot noise power=10 × log(1.381 × 10-23 W/Hz/K × 290K × 200000Hz × 1000mW/W)= -121dBm

System noise factor: when signals pass the receiver, the receiver adds noise to the signals. The noise factor is used to measure the added noise. It is the ratio between the input SNR and the output SNR.SNR Eb/No: minumum SNR required for demodulation.

Receiving sensitivity: the minimum signal power required for the input end of the receiver to ensure the successful detection and decoding of signals, or to successfully keep the needed FER.

Antenna Feeder

1 2 3 4

Main Feeders

7/8’’5/4’’1-5/8’’

Antenna

Antenna gainAntenna heightAntenna diversity gain

TMA

•After adding TMA, a

piece of the jumper, t

he connector and the

T-connector should b

e added•TMA insertion loss s

hould be added for d

ownlink•Sensitivity gain sho

uld be added for upli

nk TMA

½ Soft Jumper and Connector

½ Soft JumperConnectorLightning Arrester

Antenna-BTS Antenna Gain

Region Antenna Gain (dBi)

Populous Area 15.5~17

Urban Area 15.5~17

Suburb 17~18

Rural Area 18~20

Express Way or Long Valleys

18~21 (narrow beam)

High mountains and hills

17~18

Antenna gain

Single frequency a

ntenna

If a site with two frequencies use th

e single-frequency antenna, then t

he 1800M antenna should have a

gain of 1-2 dB more than 900M ant

ennas.

Dual frequency ant

enna

The dual frequency antenna saves

installation space. Note that para

meters of the dual frequency anten

na meet the requirements.

Antenna-BTS Antenna Height

Height of the antenna

The antenna height in lin

k budget refers to the ver

tical distance between th

e middle point of the ante

nna board plane and the

surface.

If a site with two frequen

cies use the single-frequ

ency antenna, then the h

eight of 1800M antenna

should be 3-5 m higher t

han the 900M antenna.

Region Antenna height (m)

Populous Area 25

Urban Area 30

Suburb 35

Rural Area 45

Express Way or Long Valleys

45 ～ 60

High mountains and hills

45 ～ 60

The type and height of the tower should be determined according to various factors, including the antenna height required by the microwave.

Antenna-MS Antenna Gain

WLL Network

•If the WLL terminal is mobile like the handset, then the antenna is usually 0 dBi.•If the WLL terminal is a fixed station, then

•For indoor antenna, the gain is 2-3 dBi•For outdoor antenna, the gain is 9-12 dBi

The antenna of the MS has a gain of 0 dBi.

General Mobile Network

Antenna-MS Antenna Height

WLL Network

•If the WLL terminal is mobile like the handset, then the antenna height is 1.5 m.•If the WLL terminal is a fixed station, then

•For indoor antenna, its height is related to MS placement, usually 1.5 m•For outdoor antenna, its height is related to MS placement, usually 3-10 m

The height of the MS antenna in a general mobile network is 1.5 m.

General Mobile Network

Antenna-Antenna Diversity Gain

Antenna Diversity Gain

• Signals with little relevance and carrying the same message are received on several tributaries, and then are combined before being transmitted, thus significantly reducing probability of deep fading.•Improve uplink signal quality•The diversity gain is usually 3 dB

The 3 dB diversity gain is the uplink gain brought by 2 way receiving. For FWDR, an additional gain should be added on the basis of the 2 way receiving.

Effect of TMA on Link Budget

Experience• Improves the noise factor of the r

eceiving system;

• Adds the loss of two connectors

and one T connector;

• Adds the loss of the 1/2 soft jum

per

DownlinkUplink

• Adds TMA downlink insertion loss;

• Adds the loss of two connectors and one T connector;

• Adds the loss of the 1/2 soft jumper

After adding the TMA, the maximum allowed path loss of the uplink is increased, while the maximum allowed path loss of the downlink is decreased.

Improvement of Receiving System's Noise Factor by TMA

After adding the TMA

The BTS, the feeder (including the connectors) and the TMA are considered as a cascading connected system. For the uplink, level 1 is TMA, level 2 is the feeder and level 3 is the BTS. The equivalent noise factor at the antenna mouth is calculated according to the following formula (all values are expressed in dB):NF2= TMA noise factor+(feeder loss after adding TMA-1)/TMA gain+(BTS noise factor-1)/(feeder gain after adding TMA*TMA gain)

The BTS and the feeder (including the connectors) are considered as a cascading connected system. For the uplink, level 1 is the feeder and level 2 is the BTS. The equivalent noise factor of the antenna mouth is calculated according to the following formula:NF1= feeder loss before adding TMA+(BTS noise factor-1)/feeder gain before adding TMA

Before Adding the TMA

Improvement of Receiving System's Noise Factor by TM

A=NF1-NF2

Margin

Margin of Shadow Degr

adation

Interference Margin

Body lossBuilding/vehicle bod

y loss

Fast fading margin

Margin of Shadow Degradation

Jake formula ： Px0(R)=1/2 － 1/2erf((Xthresh－ X0)/(sigma*sqrt(2)))

1 Reason for shadow degradation: the height of buildings and uneven surfaces block the propagation of signals.

3

Conversion formula between the coverage probability over the entire cell and the coverage probability at the cell edge: Fu=1/2-1/2erf(a)+1/2exp((1-2ab)/b^2)*[1+erf(ab-1)/b]in which, a=(Xthresh － X0)/(sigma*sqrt(2))b=10*n*Log(e)/(sigma*sqrt(2))

4

Density distribution of shadow fading probability: the signals change randomly in the range of dozens of wavelengths, and the statistics follow the rules of normal logarithmic distribution.

2

Margin of Shadow Degradation

Fast Fading Margin

Margin of fast fading: Under the multi-path effect, in order to reach the receiving level that is required to obtain the same voice quality as the voice quality generated when there is the internal noise only, an increment is introduced, which is called the Rayleigh fading margin.

1Reason for fast fading: the radio signals are reflected by scattering objects around the MS (within 50-100 wavelengths of the MS) or natural barriers (usually forests) during propagation, and form a standing wave field due to multi-path radio interference.

3

Common value: 3dB

4

Density distribution of fast fading probability: Rayleigh Distribution

2

Interference Margin

In frequency multiplexing, the receiving power should resist noise as well as the interference brought by same frequency/neighboring frequency multiplexing, which is expressed as C/(N+I).

IntroductionIntroduction

3 dB

Recommended valueRecommended value

Body Loss

DefinitionDefinition

Body loss is the power loss caused by signal blocking and absorption when the handset is near the human body.

FactorsFactors

Recommended value

Recommended value

Voice: 3 dB

Data: 0 dB

It depends on the relative position of the handset against the human body. When the handset contacts the waist or shoulder of the holder, then the field strength of received signals is respectively 4-7 dB and 1-2 dB lower than when the handset is not in contact with the human body.

Building Penetration Loss and Vehicle Loss

Area Typical Penetration Loss Values

Populous Area 18 ～ 22

Urban Area 15 ～ 20

Suburban and Countryside

10 ～ 15

Vehicle loss: fading of signals after passing the vehicle. It equals the difference between the middle values of the field strengths outside and inside the vehicle.The vehicle loss is usually 6-8 dB.

Building penetration loss is the fading of signals after passing the external structures of buildings. It equals the difference between the middle values of the field strengths outside and inside the building. The building penetration loss is usually 10 – 20 dB, depending on the material and thickness of the buildings.

Level Requirements

Minimum Required LevelSSmin_req(outdoor)=MSsen + RFmarg + IFmarg + BL MS outdoorSSmin_req(in-car)= MSsen + RFmarg + IFmarg + BL + CPL MS in-carSSmin_req(indoor)= MSsen + RFmarg + IFmarg + BL + BPL MS indoor

1

Design LevelSSdesign(outdoor)=SSmin_req(outdoor) +LNFmarg MS outdoorSSdesign(in-car)=SSmin_req(in-car ） +LNFmarg MS in-carSSdesign(indoor)=SSmin_req(indoor) +LNFmarg MS indoor

2

Acceptance LevelIf the operator clearly states the level requirements, Acceptance Level= level required by the operatorOtherwise, Acceptance Level=Minimum Required Level

3

Link Budget Tools

To be completed…

Contents


8018

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

DTRU

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX- COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRU

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

• CDU bypass combiner, typical loss

1 dB.

• During capacity expansion, the con

nection mode should be changed; t

he cabinet top power and the cover

age range decreases.

• In the countryside and other areas

with a low traffic, and when S222 or

below is configured.

Two-carrier Configuration

Two-carrier Configuration

8018

• CDU combined path, typical los

s 4.4 dB (900M)

• Used for S444 or below

3-4 Carrier Configuration


NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

DTRU

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

DTRU

RXM1

TX

TX

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

TX1 TX-COMTX2

DTRU

RXM1RXD1 RXM2RXD2

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

TX1 TX-COMTX2

DTRU

RXM1RXD1 RXM2RXD2

8018

• Adopts 2NCDU+NCEN/2, supporting S5~

6 configuration. 5-6 carriers are combined

into two paths, which go through two NCD

U modules (bypass combiners) to reach th

e jumper mouth on the top. The typical los

s is 6.3dB (900M).

• Using NCEN/2 to substitute the traditional

NCEU, the number of AEMs in each cell c

an be reduced to three, so that each cell n

eeds only one level of the shelf. In this wa

y, single-rack S666 configuration is feasibl

e.



NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

DTRU

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

DTRU

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

DTRU

RXM1

TX1

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

OTX1

TX1

TX2

OTX2

TX4

TX5

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

ERX2

TX2

TX-COM

NCEN/2

TX3

TX6

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRU

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRU

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRU

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

TX1 TX2 ETXRX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX1 ERX2 RX1 RX2 RX3RX4 ERX2ERX1

TX1 TX2 ETX

TX

1

TX

2

TX

3

OT

X1

OT

X2

TX

4

TX

5

TX

6

Combiner1 Combiner2

RX

1

RX

2

Splitter1

RX

3

RX

4

Splitter2

ER

X2

ER

X1

NCEN/2

8018

• The 7-8 carrier/sector antenna feeder adds the NC

EU module, and level 1 combining components are

added for TX signals. Compared with the antenna f

eeder of four carriers/sectors or below, it has an ad

ditional level 1 path combination loss, so the cabine

t top power decreases for about 3.5 dB, and the typ

ical loss is about 7.9 dB (900M).

• An alternative configuration is to use NCEN, which

reduces the power of the cabinet top, but can be s

moothly expanded to larger-scale sites without the

need to replace hardware modules.



TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRU

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

TX1 TX2 ETXRX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX1 ERX2 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2ERX1

TX1 TX2 ETX

TX

1

TX

2

TX

3

OT

X1

OT

X2

TX

4

Combiner1 Combiner2

RX

1

RX

2

Splitter1

RX

3

RX

4

Splitter2

ER

X2

ER

X1

NCEU

TX

1

TX

2

TX

3

OT

X1

OT

X2

TX

4

Combiner1 Combiner2

RX

1

RX

2

Splitter1

RX

3

RX

4

Splitter2

ER

X2

ER

X1

NCEU

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRU


DTRU


DTRU

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

8018

TX1 TX-COMTX2

DTRU3

RXM1RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

Combiner

TX1 TX2 ETXRX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX1 ERX2 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2ERX1

TX1 TX2 ETX

TX

1

TX

2

TX

3

OT

X1

OT

X2

TX

4

Combiner1 Combiner2

RX

1

RX

2

Splitter1

RX

3

RX

4

Splitter2

ER

X2

ER

X1

NCEN

OT

X1

OT

X2

Combiner1 Combiner2 Splitter1 Splitter2

ER

X2

ER

X1

NCEN

TX1 TX-COMTX2

DTRU4

RXM1RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX-COMTX2

DTRU5

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX-COMTX2

DTRU6

RXM1RXD1 RXM2 RXD2TX1 TX-COMTX2

DTRU2

RXM1RXD1 RXM2TX1 TX-COMTX2

DTRU1

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2RXD2

TX

5

TX

6

TX

1

TX

2

TX

3

TX

4

TX

5

TX

6

RX

5

RX

6

RX

7

RX

1

RX

2

RX

3

RX

4

RX

5

RX

6

RX

7

RX

8

RX

8

• The NCEN method eliminates the need for additional antennas. Each cell needs only a dual-polarized antenna. It also has a low cost because the AEM is rarely used.

• However, it reduces the cabinet top power, and the loss of combined path is about 9.7 dB (900M)

9-12 Carrier Configuration9-12 Carrier

Configuration

8018

• With the NCEU method, each cell needs three antennas. The loss of the combined path is relatively small, about 7.9 dB.

• However, it increases the cost of the antenna feeder.



TX RX RXD

TRM1

TX RX RXD

TRM2

TX RX RXD

TRM3

TX RX RXD

TRM4

TX RX RXD

TRM5

TX RX RXD

TRM6

TX RX RXD

TRM7

TX RX RXD

TRM8

TX RX RXD

TRM9

TX RX RXD

TRM10

TX RX RXD

TRM11

TX RX RXD

TRM12

combiner LNA

Duplexer

TX

1

TX

2

RX

1R

X2

RX

3R

X4

ER

X1

ER

X2

ET

X

CDU

To ANT

combiner combiner spliter spliter

TX1

TX2

TX3

TX4

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

ET

X1

ET

X2

ER

X1

ER

X2

CEU


TX1

TX2

TX3

TX4

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

ET

X1

ET

X2

ER

X1

ER

X2

CEU

ANT

combiner LNA

Duplexer

TX

1

TX

2

RX

1R

X2

RX

3R

X4

ER

X1

ER

X2

ET

X

CDU

To ANT

ANT


TX1

TX2

TX3

TX4

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

ET

X1

ET

X2

ER

X1

ER

X2

CEU

combiner LNA

Duplexer

TX

1

TX

2

RX

1R

X2

RX

3R

X4

ER

X1

ER

X2

ET

X

CDU

To ANT

ANT

8018

Plan 1• Each cell uses 3 NCDU+3 NCEN, wi

th an additional antenna. The loss is the same as the 12-carrier configuration: after two path combinations, the typical loss is 9.7 dB(900M)

12-18 Carrier Configuration12-18 Carrier Configuration

Plan 2• Each cell uses 2 NCDU+2 NCEU+3

NCEN, with no additional antenna. However, three path combinations are required, thus the typical loss is 13.2 dB (900M), so this plan is not recommended.

12-18 Carrier Configuration12-18 Carrier Configuration

8018- Dual Frequency Configuration

• A single B8018 cabinet has 9 AEM slots, with each cell using 3 slots. So the NMCDU module is needed for the dual frequency configuration of a single cabinet.

• One NMCDU module and two NCDU modules are used. The frequency band that can be expanded uses two NCDU modules, and the other frequency band uses the NMCDU module. The typical loss is 4.4 dB (900M).

2+2 Configuration

2+2 Configuration

NMCDUG

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX1

RTE

DTRUG

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

NCDUD

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

DTRUD

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

ANT_D

NCDUD

ETX1

RTE

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

TX1

TX2

双频合路器双频合路器

S222/222(900M/1800M)

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

D

Combiner

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

D

Combiner

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRUD

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TXTo ANT

NM

CD

UG

Combiner

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRUG

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Filter

8018

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRUD

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

D

Combiner

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TX

To ANT

NC

DU

D

Combiner

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRUD

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Duplexer

LNA

RX/TXTo ANT

NM

CD

UG

Combiner

TX1 TX-COM TX2

DTRUG

RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2

Filter

NMCDUG

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX1

RTE

DTRUG

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

NCDUD

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

DTRUD

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

DTRUD

RXM1

TX1

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

TX2

TX-COM

ANT_D

NCDUD

ETX1

RTE

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

TX1

TX2

双频合路器双频合路器

S222/444(900M/1800M)

• One NMCDU module and two NCDU modules are used, and a single rack supports S222+S444 configuration.

• If the total carriers exceed 18, two cabinets are used. In this case, the AEM slot has no restriction, and two frequency bands can use the same configuration method as a single frequency.

2+4 Configuration

2+4 Configuration

8112

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

ANT1_A

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

DTRU

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

NCDU

ETX1

TX1

TX2

ANT

ERX2

RX2

RX3

RX4

ERX1

RX1

RTE

ERX2

DTRU

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

DTRU

RXM1

TX1

TX2

TX-COM

RXD1

RXM2

RXD2

ANT1_B ANT2_A ANT2_B ANT3_A ANT3_B

• The connection method and combiners of the 8112 cabinet are similar to that of the 8018 cabinet.

• An 8112 cabinet supports 12 carriers.

M8202The output power of the cabinet top is 30 W.

The M8202 does not support any internal or external combiner, so it does not support DPCT.

Each TRX has RX/TX and an independent RX diversity collection channel, so the cabinet supports two cells divided by two frequency bands, S11.

VWRS

LNA

VWRS

MPAU0 MPAU1

CMB

电源滤波器

VWRSVWRS

SDH

PA

AC220V（DC-48V）

SDH

dRCU0

dTPB0

8MHWSYS_CLK/13M_CLK

MEIB

5路E1/T1

T150

3路E1/T1

Abis

MPSM

LMT

3路E1/T1

SYS_CLK/13M_CLKTEST MMI

-48V

-48V

-48V

28V/8V

FAN

48v

加热器

DIDB

站点ID

插箱

IDU ODU13路E1

LNA

DUP RxF DUP RxF

8V 8V

8V/3.3v

8V/3.3v

M8202 - 02

ANT1 and ANT2 are both main and diversity antennas, so the two independent RX channels are not used.

The cabinet top power is 30 W.

MDUP2

MDUP1

RBPF1

DUP2

RBPF2

DUP1

LNA

1

2

LNA

2

TX1-1

RX1-2

RX1-4

RX1-3

RX1-1

TX1-2

M2TRU

CMB/MEIB

MPWR

AC

DC

F1

F2

ANT1

ANT2

F1'、F2'

F1'、F2'

M2PAU2

M2PAU1

M8202 - S1/1

ANT1 and ANT2 are main antennas, while ANT3 and ANT4 are diversity antennas. Two independent receiving channels are used to implement the diversity receiving of each carrier.

The cabinet top power is 30 W.

RBPF1

DUP2

RBPF2

DUP1

LNA

1

2

LNA

2

1

TX1-1

RX1-2

RX1-4

RX1-3

RX1-1

TX1-2

M2TRU

CMB/MEIB

MPWR

AC

DC

F1'

F1

F2

ANT1

ANT2

ANT3

ANT4

F2'

F1'

F2'

MDUP1

MDUP2

M2PAU1

M2PAU2

M8202 - S2/2/2

M8206Configuration Mode

Enhancement Techn

ology

CTU Quantity

RTU QuantityECU Quantity

EFU Quantit

y

Quantity of antenna

e

Cabinet top power output (W)

01 - 11(single-carrier

module)0 0 1 30 　

01 DPCT 1 1 1 0 1 53 　

01DDT/Receiving diversi

ty1 1 0 0 2 30

01DPCT/4Diversity Rece

iving1 1 0 1 4 53 　

O2 - 1 1 1 0 1 13.5 　

O2Receiving diversity

1 1 0 0 2 30 　

O2 DPCT 1 2 2 0 2 53 　

O2DDT/Receiving diversi

ty1 2 2 0 2 13.5 　


1 2 2 0 2 13.5 　


1 2 0 0 4 30 　

1

M8206

2

Configuration M

ode

Enhancement Techno

logyCTU Qu

antityRTU Quantity

ECU Quantity

EFU Quanti

ty

Quantity of antenna

e

Cabinet top power output

S111 - 12 （ 1 single carr

ier module)0 0 3 30

S111DDT/Receiving diversity

1 3 0 0 6 30

S111 DPCT 1 3 3 0 3 53

S11 - 1 1 0 1 4 30

S22 - 1 2 2 0 2 13.5

S22Receiving d

iversity1 2 0 0 4 30

S222 - 1 3 3 0 3 13.5

S222Receiving d

iversity1 3 0 0 6 30

S444Receiving d

iversity2 6 6 0 6 13.5

M8206 - 01

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

O1 no diversity 30 W

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCT

O1 DPCT 53w

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

O1 DDT/diversity 30 W

O1 DPCT/FWDR 53 W

M8206 - 02

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

02 no diversity 13.5 W

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

O2 diversity receiving 30 W

M8206 - 02

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

DPCTHW

O2 DPCT 53 W

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

DPCT

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

DPCT

ANT1

ECU

DPCTHW

02 DDT/diversity receiving 13.5 W

M8206 - 04

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

DPCT

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

DPCT

ANT1

ECU

DPCTHW

O4 receiving diversity 13.5 W

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

DPCTHW

O4 receiving diversity (four antennas) 30 W

M8206 - S111

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

DPCTHW

S111 no diversity 30 W

S111 DDT/diversity receiving 30 W

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

DPCT

HW

ANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

HW

M8206 - S111

S111 DPCT 53 W

M8206 - S11

S11 receiving diversity 30 W

RX0

ANT0 ANT1

RX1

External Fi l ter

RX0 RX1

CTU RTU

HW HW ANT0

ANT1

M8206 - S22

S22 no diversity 13.5 W

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

DPCTHW

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

DPCTHW

S22 receiving diversity 30 W

M8206 - S222

S222 receiving diversity 30 WS222 no diversity 13.5 W

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCT

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

DPCT

ANT0

LOAD

COM0 COM1

MON

ANT1

ECU

ANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

DPCT

HW

HW

ANT0 ANT1

CTU RTU

HW HW

DPCTANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

DPCT

HW

ANT0 ANT1

RTU

HW

HW

M8206 - S444

S444 receiving diversity 13.5 W

The S4/4/4 configuration can be implemented through two 6-carrier configured cabinets, which is similar to the configuration of S222+S222.

Contents

Coverage planning overview Link budget process and related factors 8000 equipment configuration introduction SDR equipment configuration introduction Propagation model

SDR Equipment Family

The three RF modules are applicable to both indoor and outdoor BTSs;RU02 and RU02A are dual-density carrier modules that are suitble for the construction of a low-cost network. They are easy to expand and satisfy the requirements of most networks.The dual-module RF model RU60 is based on the multi-carrier technology, thus can completely replace RU02 and RU02A. It can be installed in the same rack as the GSM/UMTS network to save the cost of expansion and evolution.

RU02

B8200

RU02A

BS8800

RU60

BS8900

R8860

Realizes the RRU function

!!!

One UBPG board supports 12-path carrier confi

guration

RU02 and RU02A

RU02

RU02A

•RU02 processes the conversion between baseband signals and RF signals•RF module of single-model GSM, with dual-density carrier•PA output power: 60w(GMSK)/40W(8-PSK)•Cabinet top output power: 45W(GMSK)/28W(8-PSK)•Applicable to 4 carriers or below

•RU02A processes the conversion between baseband signals and RF signals•RF module of single-model GSM, with dual-density carrier•PA output power: 60w(GMSK)/40W(8-PSK)•Cabinet top output power: 45W(GMSK)/28W(8-PSK)•RU02A has no interface for the antenna feeder, and cannot be configured alone•Applicable when the RU02 expands from S2 to S4, or RU02A and and RU02 form S4 together

Difference:RU02 contains one DTUPRU02A contains no DTUP

RU02 - S2

TX 1TX 2PA1 PA2

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX_OUT1

RX_OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

TX 1TX 2

TDUP

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX22

LNA_RX21

RX_OUT1

RX_OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX 1TX 2PA2 PA1

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

S2 Configuration

Each cell has one RU02 module, with a cabinet top power output of 45 W

S2 configuraiton (FWDR)

Each cell has two RU02 modules, with a cabinet top power output of 45 W

RU02 - S2S2 configuraiton (DDT+FWDR)


S2 configuraiton (DPCT+FWDR)


TX 1TX 2PA2 PA1

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX_OUT1

RX_OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

TX 1TX 2PA2 PA1

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX_OUT

1RX_OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

TX 1TX 2PA2 PA1

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX_OUT1

RX_OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

TX 1TX 2PA2 PA1

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX_OUT

1RX_OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

RU02 and RU02A - S4

TX 1TX 2PA2 PA1

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX_ OUT1

RX_ OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

TX 1TX 2PA2 PA1

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX_OUT

1RX_OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

S4 Configuration

Each cell has two RU02 modules, with a cabinet top power output of 22.5 W

S4 Configuration

Each cell has one RU02 module and one RU02A module, with a cabinet top power output of 22.5 W

TX 1TX 2PA2 PA1

TPAUTDUP

RPDC

LNA_RX11

LNA_RX12

LNA_RX21

LNA_RX22

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

RX_ OUT1

RX_ OUT2

RX_IN1

RX_IN2

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

PA2 PA1

TPAU

RPDC

TTRU

RX1

RX2

RX3

RX4

TX_OUT

RX_IN1

RX_ IN0

TX1

TX2

TX1

TX2

COM

IN1

IN2

OU

T

TX_OUT

RU60

•RU60 processes the conversion between baseband signals and RF signals•RU60 is a multi-carrier RF module. Through software definition, it can work in the GSM mode, the UMTS mode and the GSM/UMTS mixed mode.•PA output power: 83w(GMSK)/60W(8-PSK)•Cabinet top output power: 60W(GMSK)/40W(8-PSK)•RU60 can be configured to to work with 1-6 carriers through software definition. In the GSM/UMTS mixed mode, RU60 supports four GSM carriers + one UMTS carrier, or two GSM carriers + two UMTS carriers.•The carrier power is related to the number of carriers configured in RU60. If four carriers are configured on one RU, then the cabinet top output power for each carrier is 15 W.

•Like RU60, R8860 is a multi-carrier RF module, supporting GSM/UMTS mixed mode. Its configuration is the same as RU60.•R8860 is a Remote Radio Unit, which forms a distributed BTS system together with baseband processing unit B8200.•R8860 can be installed near the antenna to reduce feeder loss. Its connection with B8200 uses optical fiber.

RU60

R8600

RU60 S1-S6 configuration

Each cell has one RU60

S7-S12 configuration

Each cell has two RU60 modules that share one pair of antennae

S1-S6 configuration(DDT+FWDR)

Each cell has two RU60 modules that use two pairs of antennae

user

主发射信号：main transmitted signals分集发射信号：diversity transmitted signals

RU60 S1-S6 configuration(900+1800 dual frequency ）

Each cell has two RU60 modules, one RU60/900 module, and one RU60/1800 module.

900 1800

If the dual frequency antenna is used, then the external dual frequency combiner should be installed!

•When the GSM and the UMTS share one frequency band, RU60 supports four GSM carriers + one UMTS carrier, or two GSM carriers + two UMTS carriers.

•When the GSM and the UMTS have different frequency bands, each needs an RU60 module.

R8860

Its configuraiton is the same as RU60. It realizes the R

RU function!

Feeder cable

Optical fiber

OTSR

4 TRX

4 TRX

Antenna 130?

4’ TRX

4’ TRX

Antenna 260?

FS

UBPG(4+4’+4’’TRX/12TRX)

UBPG(4+4’+4’’TRX/12TRX)

6TRX capacity per RRU

RRU

Fiber

4’’TRX

4’’ TRX

Antenna 390?

Cell1 Cell1 Cell1

Site configuration: O8

Contents

Coverage planning overview Link budget process and related factors 8000 equipment configuration introduction SDR equipment configuration introduction Propagation model

Common Propagation models

CommonPropagation

models

Okumura-HATA

-Macro-cell Model

-900M

COST-231-HATA » -Macro-cell Model

» -1800M

Standard Model

-Macro-cell Model

-900M/1800M

Ray Tracing Model

-Micro-cell Model

-900/1800

Okumura-HataSeveral assum

ptionsProcessed as the propagtion loss between two omni antennae;Processed as quasi-smooth surface instead of irregular surface;Taking the propagation loss equation for urban areas as the standard formula, and using the correction formula for rectification for other areas.

Application conditions Frequency: 150M ～ 1500M

Hb: 30 ～ 200mHm: 1 ～ 10mCommunications distance: 1 ～35km

Path loss formula

))(lglg55.69.44()(lg82.13lg16.2655.69 dhhahfL bmbb 城

mh

MHzfh

MHzfh

fhf

ha

m

m

m

m

m

5.10

150040097.4)75.11(lg2.3

2001501.1)54.1(lg29.8

)8.0lg56.1()7.0lg1.1(

)(2

2

大城市

中小城市

20)

20)(lg1007.11087.114.0(1

2018.034 d

dhf

d

b

COST231Several assum

ptionsProcessed as the propagtion loss between two omni antennae;Processed as quasi-smooth surface instead of irregular surface;Taking the propagation loss equation for urban areas as the standard formula, and using the correction formula for rectification for other areas.

Application conditions

Frequency: 1.5G ～ 2GHb: 30 ～ 200mHm: 1 ～ 10mCommunications distance: 1 ～ 35km

Path loss formula

))(lglg55.69.44()(lg82.13lg9.333.46 dhhahfL bmbb 城

mh

MHzfh

MHzfh

fhf

ha

m

m

m

m

m

5.10

150040097.4)75.11(lg2.3

2001501.1)54.1(lg29.8

)8.0lg56.1()7.0lg1.1(

)(2

2

大城市

中小城市

20)

20)(lg1007.11087.114.0(1

2018.034 d

dhf

d

b

Correction Factor

Correction factor for streets

Correction factor for suburban area

Open area correction factor

Correction factor for a quasi open area

Correction factor of the countryside

Hill correction factor

Correction factor for slopes

Correction factor of a single peak

Correction factor for land-ocean mixed territory

Correction factor for building density

Correction Factor

Standard ModelApplication conditions

Path loss formula

Factor meanings

Frequency: 1.5G ～ 2GHb:30 ～ 200mHm:1 ～ 10mCommunications distance: 1 ～ 35km

Lb=k1+k2*lgd+k3*Hms+k4*lgHms+k5lgHeff+k6*lgHeff*Lgd+k7*diffn+ Clutter_loss

K1 fading constantK2 distance fading constantK3, K4 MS antenna height correction coefficientK5, K6 BTS antenna height correction coefficientK7 diffraction correction coefficientClutterloss clutter fading correction coefficientD distance between the BTS and MS (km)Hms effective height of MS antenna (m)Heff effective height of BTS antenna (m)

Propagation model Correction

Mean Error=0Std Deviation<=8dB

RMS<=8dB

Ray Tracing ModelInput requirements

1. The electronic map should have a precision of at least 5 m

2. Building information expressed with vectors should be available

3. The capacitance and conduction rate of building walls should be available

4. Accurate engineering information of the BTS should be available (longtitud

e, latitude, antennae, etc.)

5. Usually the Volcano modei is used. So Volcano license should be procur

ed.

The following should be considered:•Direct waves•Reflective waves on vertical surfaces of buildings•Diffractive waves on vertical edges of buildings•Diffractive waves on horizontal edges of buildings•High-order refleftive/diffractive waves

Obvious street effects!

Path combining methods, cabinet top output power, and network modes of 8000 series equipment and SDR equipment.

Applicable ragne and path loss equation:Okumura-hataCost231Standard ModelRay Tracing Model

Summary

Coverage Planning

Common Propagation

models

Network Configuration of Major Equipme

nt

Purpose, process and affecting factors of link bud

get

Coverage planning f

low

•Clarify the input•Link budget•Radius estimation•Scale estimation•Site location simulation

•Purpose and process of link budget•Factors that affect link budget include service, frequency, equipment, antenna feeder, margin, and required level

Thinking

After learning this course, please answer:1. In a pre-sales bidding project, what information should I collect? What questions should be solved when I communicate with the project team?2. Can I complete the link budget of all mainstream devices of ZTE independently?3. Which application scenarios is the BBU+RRU network structure applicable to?

GO NP10 E1 1 GSM Coverage Planning-101(Old)

Documents

Transcript of GO NP10 E1 1 GSM Coverage Planning-101(Old)