GNIPST Bulletin 40.2

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    12-12-2014GG NN II PP SS TT UU LL LL TT II NN 22 11 44

    12 th December, 2014 Volume No.: 40 Issue No.: 02Vision

    TO REACH THE PINNACLE OF GLORY AS A CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN THE FIELOF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BY KNOWLEDGE BASED

    LEARNING AND PRACTICE

    ontentsMessage from PRINCIPALEditorial boardHistorical article

    News UpdateKnowledge based ArticleDisease Related BreakingNewsUpcoming EventsDrugs Update

    Campus NewsStudents SectionEditors NoteArchive

    GNIPST Photo Galleryor your comments/contributionR For ack-Issues , ailto:[email protected]

    GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICALSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

    W e bs i t e : ht t p: / / gni ps t. a c. i n

    https://plus.google.com/u/0/photos/111714720327580099858/albums/5897323676427099873?sort=7mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://plus.google.com/u/0/photos/111714720327580099858/albums/5897323676427099873?sort=7
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    MESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL

    " It can happen. It does happen. But it can't happen if you quit ." Lauren Dane.

    We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence then is not an act, but a habit . Aristotle

    It gives me immense pleasure to pen a few words for our e-bulletin. At the onset I would like to thank thelast years editors and congratulate the newly selected editors for the current year.

    Our first consideration is always in the best interest of the students. Our goal is to promote academicexcellence and continuous improvement.

    I believe that excellence in education is aided by creating a learning environment in which all learners aresupported in maximizing their potential and talents. Education needs to focus on personalized learningand instruction, while promoting an education system that is impartial, universally accessible, and meetingthe needs of all students.

    It is of paramount importance that our learners have sufficient motivation and encouragement in order toachieve their aims. We are all very proud of you, our students, and your accomplishments and lookforward to watching as you put your mark on the profession in the years ahead.

    The call of the time is to progress, not merely to move ahead. Our progressive Management is lookingforward and wants our Institute to flourish as a Post Graduate Institute of Excellence. Steps are taken inthis direction and fruits of these efforts will be received by our students in the near future. Our Teachersare committed and dedicated for the development of the institution by imparting their knowledge and playthe role of facilitator as well as role model to our students.

    The Pharmacy profession is thriving with a multitude of possibilities, opportunities and positivechallenges. At Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, our focus is on holisticneeds of our students.

    I am confident that the students of GNIPST will recognize all the possibilities, take full advantage of theopportunities and meet the challenges with purpose and determination.

    Excellence in Education is not a final destination, it is a continuous walk. I welcome you to join us onthis path.

    My best wishes to all.

    Dr. A. Sengupta

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    Link between low blood glucose, cardiovascularevents revealed: (12 th December, 2014)A link between hypoglycaemia and increased risk of cardiovascular

    events and mortality in patients with diabetes has been confirmedby researchers. The findings could lead to changes in the way somepatients' treatment is managed. Parkinson's disease: Study focuses on regulationof dopamine levels: (11 th December, 2014)A mechanism regulating dopamine levels in the brain has beenrevealed by a study on a mouse model of late onset Parkinson'sdisease. Using gene expression profiling, a method to measure theactivity of thousands of genes, researchers investigateddopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, which are nerve cells thatuse dopamine to send signals to other nerve cells. These neuronsare known to degenerate in Parkinson's disease. Boosting healthy cells during chemo: (11 th December, 2014)Scientists are closer to discovering a possible way to boost healthy

    cell production in cancer patients as they receive chemotherapy.By adding thymine -- a natural building block found in DNA -- intonormal cells, they found it stimulated gene production and causedthem to multiply. Weighing in on the Role of Mindfulness inSlimming Down: (11 th December, 2014)If dieting is on your New Year agenda, it might pay to be mindfulof a study suggesting there is little hard evidence that mindfulness

    leads to weight loss. Researchers reviewed 19 previous studies onthe effectiveness of mindfulness-based programs for weight loss.Thirteen of the studies documented weight loss amongparticipants who practiced mindfulness, but all lacked either ameasure of the change in mindfulness or a statistical analysis of the

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    relationship between being mindful and dropping pounds. In manycases, the studies lacked both. Blood lipid metabolites allow early identification

    of cardiovascular disease: (11th

    December,2014)New circulating metabolites might allow early diagnosis ofcardiovascular disease. Scientists have identified novel lipid-derived molecules associated with future coronary heart diseaseevents. The study has examined the metabolic profile of bloodsamples from more than 3,600 individuals that have been followed-up for up to 10 years.

    A key human gene modifies the immune responseto flu vaccine: (11 th December, 2014)How much protection the annual flu shot provides depends onhow well the vaccine (which is designed based on a 'best guess' fornext season's flu strain) matches the actually circulating virus.However, it also depends on the strength of the immune responseelicited by the vaccine. A study reports that genetic variants in agene called IL-28B influence influenza vaccine responses. Hepatitis C ruled out as cause of mentalimpairment in HIV patients: (11 th December,2014)Advances in treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)have made it possible for people with HIV to survive much longer.As they age, however, many experience impaired thinking, memoryloss, mood swings and other evidence of impaired mental function.

    Secondary infection with the hepatitis C virus does not contributeto the mental impairments seen in many long-term survivors ofHIV infection, a new study reveals.

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    Human DNA shows traces of 40-million-yearbattle for survival between primate andpathogen: (11 th December, 2014)Examination of DNA from 21 primate species from squirrelmonkeys to humans exposes an evolutionary war againstinfectious bacteria over iron that circulates in the hostsbloodstream. Supported by experimental evidence, these findingsdemonstrate the vital importance of an increasingly appreciateddefensive strategy called nutritional immunity. Ebola virus may replicate in an exotic way: (11 th

    December, 2014)Researchers ran biochemical analysis and computer simulations ofa livestock virus to discover a likely and exotic mechanism toexplain the replication of related viruses such as Ebola, measlesand rabies. The mechanism may be a possible target for newtreatments within a decade. For detail mail to editor

    KNOWLEDGE BASED ARTICLE

    LeukemiaLeukemia is a group of cancers that usually begins in the bonemarrow and results in high numbers of abnormal white bloodcells. These white blood cells are not fully developed and arecalled blasts or leukemia cells. Symptoms may include bleedingand bruising problems, feeling very tired, fever and an increased riskof infections. These symptoms occur due to a lack of normal bloodcells. Different kinds of leukemia are believed to have different causes.Both inherited and environmental (non-inherited) factors arebelieved to be involved. Risk factors include smoking, ionizingradiation, some chemicals (such as benzene) , prior chemotherapy,and Down syndrome. People with a family history of leukemia arealso at higher risk. Leukemia is part of a broader group

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    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruisinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heredityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smokinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smokinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heredityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruisinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancermailto:[email protected]
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    of neoplasms which affect the blood, bone marrow, and lymphoidsystem, known as tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoidtissues. Classification:Clinically and pathologically, leukemia is subdivided into a varietyof large groups. The first division is betweenits acute and chronic forms:

    Acute leukemiais characterized by a rapid increase in the numberof immature blood cells. Crowding due to such cells makes thebone marrow unable to produce healthy blood cells. Immediatetreatment is required in acute leukemia due to the rapid progression and accumulation of the malignant cells, which then

    spill over into the bloodstream and spread to other organs of thebody. Acute forms of leukemia are the most common formsof leukemia in children.

    Chronic leukemia is characterized by the excessive buildup of relatively mature, but still abnormal, white blood cells. Typicallytaking months or years to progress, the cells are produced at amuch higher rate than normal, resulting in many abnormal whiteblood cells. Whereas acute leukemia must be treated immediately,chronic forms are sometimes monitored for some time beforetreatment to ensure maximum effectiveness of therapy. Chronicleukemia mostly occurs in older people, but can theoretically occurin any age group.Additionally, the diseases are subdivided according to which kind of blood cell is affected. This split divides leukemias intolymphoblastic or lymphocytic leukemias and myeloid or myelogenous leukemias:

    In lymphoblastic or lymphocytic leukemias, the cancerous changetakes place in a type of marrow cell that normally goes on toform lymphocytes, which are infection-fighting immune systemcells. Most lymphocytic leukemias involve a specific subtype of lymphocyte, the B cell.

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumors_of_the_hematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumors_of_the_hematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_(medicine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_cellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytic_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelogenous_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytic_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytic_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelogenous_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytic_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_cellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_(medicine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumors_of_the_hematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumors_of_the_hematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm
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    In myeloid or myelogenous leukemias, the cancerous change takesplace in a type of marrow cellthat normally goes on to form red blood cells, some other types of white cells, and platelets.Signs and symptoms:Damage to the bone marrow, by way of displacing the normal bonemarrow cells with higher numbers of immature white blood cells,results in a lack of blood platelets, which are important inthe blood clotting process. This means people with leukemia mayeasily become bruised, bleedexcessively, or develop pinprick bleeds(petechiae).White blood cells, which are involved in fighting pathogens, maybe suppressed or dysfunctional. This could cause the patient's

    immune system to be unable to fight off a simple infection or tostart attacking other body cells. Because leukemia prevents theimmune system from working normally, some patients experiencefrequent infection, ranging from infected tonsils, sores in the mouth,or diarrhea to life-threatening pneumonia or opportunisticinfections.Finally, the red blood cell deficiency leads to anemia, which maycause dyspnea and pallor.Some patients experience other symptoms, such as feeling sick,having fevers, chills, night sweats, feeling fatiguedand other flu-likesymptoms. Some patients experience nausea or a feeling of fullnessdue to an enlarged liverand spleen; this can result inunintentional weight loss. Blastsaffected by the disease may cometogether and become swollen in the liver or in the lymphnodes causing pain and leading to nausea.If the leukemic cells invade the central nervous system, thenneurological symptoms (notably headaches) can occur. Uncommonneurological symptoms like migraines, seizures, or comacan occuras a result of brain stem pressure. All symptoms associated withleukemia can be attributed to other diseases. Consequently,leukemia is always diagnosed through medical tests.The word leukemia, which means 'white blood', is derived from thedisease's namesake high white blood cell counts that most

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelogenous_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloid_cellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plateletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation_of_human_bloodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemorrhagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petechiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonsilshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyspneahttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pallorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu-like_symptomshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu-like_symptomshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spleenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight_loss%23Intentional_weight_losshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_nodeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_nodeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migraineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seizureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seizureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migraineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_nodeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_nodeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight_loss%23Intentional_weight_losshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spleenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu-like_symptomshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu-like_symptomshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaisehttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pallorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyspneahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_infectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonsilshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_blood_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petechiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemorrhagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation_of_human_bloodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plateletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloid_cellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelogenous_leukemia
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    leukemia patients have before treatment. The high number ofwhite blood cells are apparent when a blood sample is viewedunder a microscope. Frequently, these extra white blood cells areimmature or dysfunctional. The excessive number of cells can alsointerfere with the level of other cells, causing a harmful imbalancein the blood count.Some leukemia patients do not have high white blood cell countsvisible during a regular blood count. This less-common conditionis called aleukemia. The bone marrow still contains cancerouswhite blood cells which disrupt the normal production of bloodcells, but they remain in the marrow instead of entering thebloodstream, where they would be visible in a blood test. For an

    aleukemic patient, the white blood cell counts in the bloodstreamcan be normal or low. Aleukemia can occur in any of the four majortypes of leukemia, and is particularly common in hairy cellleukemia. Causes:Leukemia, like other cancers, results from mutations in the DNA. Certain mutations can trigger leukemia by activating oncogenesordeactivating tumor suppressor genes, and thereby disrupting theregulation of cell death, differentiation or division. Thesemutations may occur spontaneously or as a result of exposureto radiation or carcinogenicsubstances.Among adults, the known causes are natural and artificial ionizingradiation, a few virusessuch as human T-lymphotropic virus, andsome chemicals, notably benzene andalkylating chemotherapy agents for previous malignancies. Useof tobacco is associated with a small increase in the risk ofdeveloping acute myeloid leukemiain adults. Cohort and case-control studies have linked exposure tosomepetrochemicals and hair dyesto the development of someforms of leukemia. Diet has very limited or no effect, althougheating more vegetables may confer a small protective benefit.

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_mutationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncogenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_suppressor_genehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_T-lymphotropic_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobaccohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrochemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_dyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_dyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrochemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobaccohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_T-lymphotropic_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_suppressor_genehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncogenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_mutationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia
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    Viruses have also been linked to some forms of leukemia. Forexample, human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia. Some people have a genetic predisposition towards developingleukemia.In addition to these genetic issues, people with chromosomalabnormalities or certain other genetic conditions have a greaterrisk of leukemia.A few cases of maternal-fetal transmission (a baby acquiresleukemia because its mother had leukemia during the pregnancy)have been reported.Treatment:

    Acute lymphoblastic: Induction chemotherapy to bring about bone marrow remission.

    For adults, standard induction plansinclude prednisone, vincristine, and an anthracycline drug; otherdrug plans may include L-asparaginaseor cyclophosphamide. Forchildren with low-risk ALL, standard therapy usually consists of three drugs (prednisone, L-asparaginase, and vincristine) for thefirst month of treatment.

    Consolidation therapy or intensification therapy to eliminate anyremaining leukemia cells. There are many different approaches toconsolidation, but it is typically a high-dose, multi-drug treatmentthat is undertaken for a few months. Patients with low- toaverage-risk ALL receive therapy with antimetabolite drugs suchas methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). High-risk patientsreceive higher drug doses of these drugs, plus additional drugs.

    CNS prophylaxis (preventive therapy) to stop the cancer fromspreading to the brain and nervous system in high-risk patients.Standard prophylaxis may include radiation of the head and/ordrugs delivered directly into the spine.

    Maintenance treatments with chemotherapeutic drugs to preventdisease recurrence once remission has been achieved. Maintenancetherapy usually involves lower drug doses, and may continue forup to three years.

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_T-lymphotropic_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_T-cell_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_T-cell_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal-fetal_transmissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prednisonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincristinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthracyclinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-asparaginasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclophosphamidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimetabolitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methotrexatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6-mercaptopurinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophylaxishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophylaxishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6-mercaptopurinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methotrexatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimetabolitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclophosphamidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-asparaginasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthracyclinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincristinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prednisonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal-fetal_transmissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_T-cell_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_T-cell_leukemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_T-lymphotropic_virus
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    Alternatively, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation may beappropriate for high-risk or relapsed patients.Chronic lymphocytic

    Falling hemoglobinor platelet count Progression to a later stage of disease Painful, disease-related overgrowth of lymph nodesor spleen An increase in the rate of lymphocyteproduction

    Treatment approachCLL is probably incurable by present treatments. The primary chemotherapeutic plan is combination chemotherapy with chlorambucil or cyclophosphamide, plus a corticosteroid such as prednisone orprednisolone. The use of a corticosteroid has the

    additional benefit of suppressing some related autoimmune diseases, such as immunohemolytic anemiaor immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. In resistant cases, single-agent treatments with nucleoside drugs such as fludarabine, pentostatin, or cladribine may be successful. Younger patients may consider allogeneicor autologous bone marrow transplantation. Acute myelogenousMany different anti-cancer drugs are effective for the treatment of

    AML. Treatments vary somewhat according to the age of the

    patient and according to the specific subtype of AML. Overall, the strategy is to control bone marrow and systemic (whole-body) disease, while offering specific treatment for the central nervous system (CNS), if involved.Chronic myelogenousThere are many possible treatments for CML, but the standard of care for newly diagnosed patients is imatinib (Gleevec) therapy. Compared to most anti-cancer drugs, it has relatively few side effects and can be taken orallyat home. With this drug, more than 90% of patients will be able to keep the disease in check for at least five years, so that CML becomes a chronic, manageable condition.In a more advanced, uncontrolled state, when the patient cannot tolerate imatinib, or if the patient wishes to attempt a permanent

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allogeneic_bone_marrow_transplantationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_nodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spleenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorambucilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclophosphamidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteroidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prednisonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prednisolonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warm_autoimmune_hemolytic_anemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_thrombocytopenic_purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_thrombocytopenic_purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_thrombocytopenic_purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monotherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fludarabinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentostatinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladribinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allogeneichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autologoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow_transplantationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imatinibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imatinibhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow_transplantationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autologoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allogeneichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladribinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentostatinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fludarabinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monotherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_thrombocytopenic_purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_thrombocytopenic_purpurahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warm_autoimmune_hemolytic_anemiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prednisolonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prednisonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteroidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclophosphamidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorambucilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukemia%23cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphocytehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spleenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_nodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allogeneic_bone_marrow_transplantation
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    cure, then an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation may beperformed. This procedure involves high-dose chemotherapy andradiation followed by infusion of bone marrow from a compatibledonor. Approximately 30% of patients die from this procedure.Hairy cellDecision to treatPatients with hairy cell leukemia who are symptom-free typicallydo not receive immediate treatment. Treatment is generallyconsidered necessary when the patient shows signs and symptomssuch as low blood cell counts (e.g., infection-fighting neutrophilcount below 1.0 K/L), frequent infections, unexplained bruises,anemia, or fatigue that is significant enough to disrupt the

    patient's everyday life.Typical treatment approachPatients who need treatment usually receive either one weekof cladribine, given daily by intravenous infusion or a simpleinjection under the skin, or six months of pentostatin, given everyfour weeks by intravenous infusion. In most cases, one round oftreatment will produce a prolonged remission. Other treatmentsinclude rituximab infusion or self-injection with Interferon-alpha. In limited cases, the patient may benefitfrom splenectomy (removal of the spleen). These treatments are nottypically given as the first treatment because their success rates arelower than cladribine or pentostatin.T-cell prolymphocyticMost patients with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, a rare andaggressive leukemia with a median survival of less than one year,require immediate treatment.T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is difficult to treat, and it does notrespond to most available chemotherapeutic drugs. Many differenttreatments have been attempted, with limited success in certainpatients :purine analogues(pentostatin, fludarabine,cladribine), chlorambucil, and various forms of combinationchemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine,prednisone CHOP, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladribinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentostatinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rituximabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferon-alphahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splenectomyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purine_analogueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorambucilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHOPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHOPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorambucilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purine_analogueshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splenectomyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferon-alphahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rituximabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentostatinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladribine
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    [COP], vincristine, doxorubicin, prednisone, etoposide,cyclophosphamide, bleomycin VAPEC-B). Alemtuzumab (Campath), a monoclonal antibody that attackswhite blood cells, has been used in treatment with greater successthan previous options. Juvenile myelomonocyticTreatment for juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia caninclude splenectomy, chemotherapy, and bone marrow transplantation.

    Jeenatara BegumAssistant Professor

    GNIPST

    DISEASE RELATED BREAKING NEWS

    Democratic Republic of the Congo: The countrythat knows how to beat Ebola: (11 th December,2014)The year 2014 saw 2 parallel outbreaks of Ebola virus disease inAfrica. The West African outbreak which began in December

    2013 and mainly affects Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone continues to this day. A separate and unrelated outbreak inBoende, Equateur Province, in the Democratic Republic of theCongo (DRC) first reported to WHO on 24 August wasofficially declared at an end on 21 November, less than 3 monthslater. Read moreUPCOMING EVENTS

    International Conferences on Recent Advances in Nanoscience &Nanotechnology-2014 at JNU New Delhi, India from 15th to 16th December, 2014.

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    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAPEC-Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAPEC-Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemtuzumabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclonal_antibodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splenectomyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow_transplantationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow_transplantationhttp://www.who.int/features/2014/drc-beats-ebola/en/http://d/Jeenat/Bulletin%2034.3_1/New%20Folder/UPCOMING%20EVENTS.docxhttp://d/Jeenat/Bulletin%2034.3_1/New%20Folder/UPCOMING%20EVENTS.docxhttp://www.who.int/features/2014/drc-beats-ebola/en/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow_transplantationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_marrow_transplantationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splenectomyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclonal_antibodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemtuzumabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAPEC-Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAPEC-B
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    47th Annual Conference of Indian Pharmacology Society IPSCON2014 at Guwahati Medical College, Guwahati, India from 28th to30th December, 2014.

    DRUGS UPDATES

    FDA Approves Xgeva (denosumab) for Hypercalcemiaof Malignancy Refractory to BisphosphonateTherapy : (8 th December, 2014)Amgen (NASDAQ:AMGN) today announced that the U.S. Food

    and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a new indicationforXgeva(denosumab) for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy(HCM) refractory to bisphosphonate therapy. Xgevawas approved and granted Orphan Drug Designation by the FDA,which is reserved for drugs that are intended for the treatment ofrare diseases affecting fewer than 200,000 people in the U.S.Read more

    CAMPUS NEWS Congratulation to Tamalika Chakraborty, Assistant Professor ofGNIPST, who got 3rd prize for the poster presentation in theNational Seminar on Opportunity in Medicinal Plant Research, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India from 29th -30th November,2014. On 29th November and 30th November many of the faculty

    members and students of GNIPST presented their posters in theNational Seminar on Opportunity in Medicinal Plant Research, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India from 29th -30th November,2014. The teachers and students of GNIPST attended the National

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    http://www.drugs.com/xgeva.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/cdi/denosumab.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/condition/hypercalcemia-of-malignancy.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/condition/hypercalcemia-of-malignancy.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/newdrugs/fda-approves-xgeva-denosumab-hypercalcemia-malignancy-refractory-bisphosphonate-therapy-4117.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/newdrugs/fda-approves-xgeva-denosumab-hypercalcemia-malignancy-refractory-bisphosphonate-therapy-4117.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/newdrugs/fda-approves-xgeva-denosumab-hypercalcemia-malignancy-refractory-bisphosphonate-therapy-4117.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/condition/hypercalcemia-of-malignancy.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/condition/hypercalcemia-of-malignancy.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/cdi/denosumab.htmlhttp://www.drugs.com/xgeva.html
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    workshop on Redefining the Role of Pharmacist in Health CareSystem which was held in Dr. H. L. Roy Auditorium, JadavpurUniversirty Kolkata-700032 on 16th November 2014, organised byIndian Pharmaceutical Association, Bengal Branch, Kolkata Congratulation to Rupam Saha, student of M.Pharm 2 nd year, whogot 1st prize for the poster presentation in the National seminar onControl of Viral Menace using Delivery Design organised by Dr.B.C.Roy College of Pharmacy & AHS in association with IPABengal Branch. On 14th and 15th November 2014 the Industrial visit of B.Pharm 2nd year students was conducted in East India Pharmaceutical WorksLimited, Kolkata under the supervision of Mr. Jaydip Roy, Mr.Debabrata Ghoshdastidar, Mr. Samrat Bose, Ms Jeentara Begum,Mr. Soumya Bhattacharya and Ms. Moumita Chowdhury. A Debate on Unity was held on 14th November 2014 and the jointwinner was Sreejit Roy , Bsc 2nd year and Pratik Nandi ,Bsc firstyear (Chairperson of debate: Dr Lopamudra Datta and Ms.Priyanka Ray).

    On 14th

    November, 2014 a Quiz competition was held on WorldDiabetes Day and the winner was Pratik Nandi and Sreyosi Dey,Bsc first year.Runner up Anirban Roy and Ankur Mondal B.Pharm third year(Quiz Master: Mr. Soumya Bhattacharya) A Seminar was held on 14th November 2014 World Diabetes Dayon Angiogenesis and Role of Amino Acids by Dr Debatosh Datta,

    Research scientist. GNIPST commemorated the 126th Birth Anniversary of MaulanaAbul Kalam Azad on Tuesday, 11th November 2014. On 7th November 2014 the students of GNIPST participated in theRun for Unity as a mark of tribute to the efforts of the country'sfirst Home Minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

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    http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topic/Sardar%20Vallabhbhai%20Patelhttp://economictimes.indiatimes.com/topic/Sardar%20Vallabhbhai%20Patel
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    Congratulation to the winner of Cricket Tournament-B.Pharm 3rdyear, 2014Runner up team-B.Sc and BHM, 2014

    Congratulation to the highest run scorer of Cricket Tournament-Tanmoy Das Biswas, B.Pharm 3rd year, 2014 Congratulation to the highest wicket taker of CricketTournament-Subhodip Das, B.Pharm 3rd year, 2014 Congratulation to the winner of Carom Tournament (Boys)-Sk. Abdul Salam, B.Pharm 2nd year, 20141st Runner up-Subhayan Dutta, M.Sc (Biotechnology Department)2nd year, 2014

    2nd Runner up-Nirupan Gupta, B.Pharm 1st

    year, 2014 Congratulation to the winner of Carom Tournament (Girls)-Aishwarya Datta, B.Pharm 2nd year, 20141st Runner up-Krishnakali Basu, B.Pharm 3rd year, 20142nd Runner up-Rituparna Das, B.Pharm 3 rd year, 2014 Congratulation to the winner of Chess Tournament (Boys)-Basab Brata Dey, M.Sc (Biotechnology Department) 2nd year, 20141st Runner up-Ankit Chowdhury, B.Pharm 1st year, 20142nd Runner up-Smaranjeet Banik, B.Pharm 3rd year, 2014 Congratulation to the winner of Chess Tournament (Girls)-Rituparna Das, B.Pharm 3rd year, 20141st Runner up-Varsa Srivastav, B.Sc(Bioptechnology Department)1st year, 20142nd Runner up- Krishnakali Basu, B.Pharm 3rd year, 2014 The GNIPST Cricket Tournament, Carom Tournament and Chess

    Tournament was held on 21st

    and 22nd

    October, 2014. The Cultural Programme on Bijoya Dashami and Kali Puja washeld on 20th October, 2014 An exhibition on Photography and Painting was held on 20 th October, 2014

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    Congratulation to the winner of Football Tournament-B.Pharm3rd year, 2014Runner up team-B.Pharm final year, 2014

    Congratulation to the winner of Table Tennis Tournament-Krishnakali Basu, B.Pharm 3rd year, 20141st Runner up-Aindrila Bhowmick, B.Pharm 2nd year, 20142nd Runner up-Sayani Banerjee, B.Pharm 2nd year, 2014 The GNIPST Football Tournament (for male students) and TableTennis tournament (for female students) was held on 25th and26th September, 2014. On 5th September, 2014 the students of GNIPST have arranged awonderful Teachers Day Programme. On behalf of all the teachersof GNIPST I would like to thank our beloved students. The Freshers welcome programme was held on 14th August, 2014.Welcome 1st year students. We congratulate the following M.Pharm. final year students whohave made their positions in different pharmaceutical companies.Anirban Banerjee (Emami Ltd.)Mahender Roy (Stadmed private Ltd.) We congratulate the following B.Pharm. final year students fortheir success.Samadrita Mukherjee (Abbott India Ltd.)Suman Sarkar (Tata Medical Centre-Apollo Pharmacy)Shrewashee Mukherjee (Fresenius Kabi-Parenteral Nutrition)Avishek Naskar (Glaxo SmithKline-Marketing)

    Bappaditya Manik (USV Limited)Sarbani Das (Nutri Synapzz-Marketing)Ankita Roy (Nutri Synapzz-Marketing)Rahul Mitra (B M Pharmaceuticals-Production)

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    The following B.Pharm. final year students have qualified, GPAT-2014. We congratulate them all.Utsha Sinha

    Satarupa BhattacharyaSandipan SarkarPurbali Chakraborty Reminiscence, 2014(GNIPST Reunion) was held in Collegecampus on 2nd February,2014. 1st Annual Sports of GNIPST was held on 3rd February,2014 inCollege campus ground.

    An industrial tour and biodiversity tour was conducted in Sikkimfor B.Pharm and B.Sc. students under the supervision of Mr. AsisBala, Ms. Jeentara Begum and Ms. Moumita Chowdhury. B.Pharm 3rd year won the GNIPST Football Champions trophy,2013. B.Pharm 3rd year won the final match 1-0 against B.Pharm 2nd year. Deep Chakraborty was the only scorer of the final.

    STUDENTS SECTIONWHO CAN ANSWER FIRS T ????

    Why are the Nobel prize ceremonies on 10th December each year?

    Answer of Previous Issues QuestionsA) Rosalyn Yallow

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    Identify the person

    Answer of Previous Issues ImageRosalyn Yallow

    Send your thoughts/Quiz/Puzzles/games/write-ups or any othercontr ibutions for Students Sectionansw ers of this Section at [email protected]

    EDITORS NOTE

    It is a great pleasure for me to publish the 2 nd issue of 40 th Volumeof GNIPST BULLETIN . All the followers of GNIPST BULLETINare able to avail the bulletin through facebook account GNIPSTbulletin I am very much thankful to all the GNIPST members andreaders who are giving their valuable comments, encouragementsand supports. I am also thankful to Dr. Abhijit Sengupta , Directorof GNIPST for his valuable advice and encouragement. Specialthanks to Dr. Prerona Saha, Mr. Debabrata Ghosh Dastidarand Mr. Soumya Bhattacharya for their kind co-operation and

    technical supports. Thank you Mr. Soumya Bhattacharya for thequestionnaires of the student section. An important part of theimprovement of the bulletin is the contribution of the readers. Youare invited to send in your write ups, notes, critiques or any kind ofcontribution for the forthcoming special and regular issue.

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    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]
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    ARCHIVE GNIPST organized a garment distribution programme on 28th September, 2013 at Dakshineswar Kali Temple and Adyapith,

    Kolkata. On this remarkable event about hundred people havereceived garments. More than hundred students and most of thefaculties participated on that day with lot of enthusiasm. GNIPST celebrated World Heart Day (29 th September) andPharmacists Day (25 th September) on 25th and 26th September,2013 in GNIPST Auditorium. A seminar on Violence againstwoman and female foeticide was held on GNIPST Auditorium on25th September organized by JABALA Action ResearchOrganization. On 26 th September an intra-college Oral and Posterpresentation competition related to World Pharmacists day andHeart day was held in GNIPST. Ms. Purbali Chakraborty ofB.Pharm 4th year won the first prize in Oral Presentation. Thewinner of Poster presentation was the group of Ms. Utsa Sinha,Mr. Koushik Saha and Mr. Niladri Banerjee (B.Pharm 4th year). Agood number of students have participated in both thecompetition with their valuable views. Teachers day was celebrated on 5 th September, 2013 by thestudents of GNIPST in GNIPST Auditorium. Azalea exotic flower ) , the fresher welcome programme fornewcomers of GNIPST in the session 2013-14 was held on 8th August in GNIPST Auditorium. One day seminar cum teachers development programme forschool teachers on the theme of Recent Trends of Life Sciencesin Higher Education organized by GNIPST held on 29th June,2013 at GNIPST auditorium. The programme was inaugurated byProf . Asit Guha, Director of JIS Group, Mr. U.S. Mukherjee, DyDirector of JIS Group and Dr. Abhijit Sengupta, Director cum

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    GNIPST is now approved by AICTE and affiliated to WBUT forconducting the two years post graduate course (M.Pharm)in PHARMACOLOGY. The approved number of seat is 18.

    The number of seats in B.Pharm. has been increased from 60 to120.

    AICTE has sanctioned a release of grant under ResearchPromotion Scheme (RPS) during the financial year 2012-13toGNIPST as per the details below:a. Beneficiary Institution: Guru Nanak Institution of PharmaceuticalScience & Technology.

    b. Principal Investigator: Dr. LopamudraDutta.c. Grant-in-aid sanctioned:Rs. 16,25000/- only

    d. Approved duration:3 yearse. Title of the project: Screening and identification of potential

    medicinal plant of Purulia & Bankura districts of West Bengalwith respect to diseases such as diabetes, rheumatism, Jaundice,hypertension and developing biotechnological tools for enhancingbioactive molecules in these plants.

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