CHAPTER 7: CELLULAR RESPIRATION 7-1: Glycolysis + Fermentation 7-2: Aerobic Respiration.
Glycolysis & Cellular Respiration
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Transcript of Glycolysis & Cellular Respiration
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Glycolysis & Cellular Respiration
(Reference Chapter 8)
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The Purpose
• Convert the energy in organic molecules into a usable form (ATP)• ATP can then be
used for work
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Remember: food molecules contain more energy than most cells need to power their processes. So,
food molecules are broken down to make many molecules of ATP.
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Who Goes Through Respiration?• All living organisms go through some sort of
cellular respiration (though many do not use the complete process) to make ATP
• Plants still go through cellular respiration!
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The Two Types
Aerobic Respiration
• Requires oxygen• Fully breaks down
glucose to CO2 and makes LOTS of ATP
• Requires mitochondria
Anaerobic Respiration
• No oxygen needed• Glucose only
partially degraded• Makes small
amounts of ATP more quickly
• No mitochondrial involvement
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In Eukaryotic Cells (no bacteria no viruses)• Fuel + Oxygen + ADP + P Carbon Dioxide + Water
+ ATP
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• 3 stages, 2 of which take place in the mitochondria
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• Remember Cellular Respiration is why we inhale O2 & exhale CO2.
• Oxygen picks up the left-over electrons & H+ at the end of the Electron Transport Chain. If we don’t have oxygen the whole thing backs up & stops.
• Carbon Dioxide is a waste product created in the Krebs Cycle when H+ & electrons are stripped off the product of glycolysis called pyruvic acid.
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Random Facts• Every cell contains on average about a billion ATP
molecules• We have at any time about 1 sextillion
(100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000) ATP molecules in our body
• We use all of them in minutes and must regenerate them• The average ATP molecule is made and degraded 3 times
per minute• We go through about 20 pounds worth of ATP every hour
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1st Stage is Glycolysis:
• This step occurs in the CYTOPLASM of the cell & does not require OXYGEN.
• The product moves to mitochondria when oxygen is present.
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2nd Stage is Krebs Cycle
Occurs in the MITOCHONDRIA W/ Oxygen- The leftover molecule from glycolysis moves
into the mitochondria by the process of DIFFUSION.
-Its Bonds are broken & electrons are stripped & taken to the next step.
-Carbon is released as CO2 (this is why we exhale CO2!!!)
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3rd Stage is The Electron Transport Chain
-In the inner membrane of the mitochondria-Uses oxygen-Gives mitochondria its reputation as the “power
house” of the cell: A LOT of ATP is produced during this step
-Electrons & H+ moving around eventually causes the creation of ATP.
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Oxygen’s role is to accept the stripped electrons & combines with hydrogen ions to form WATER.
– If you don’t have oxygen you cannot “clean up” the electrons & H+ & the process comes to a halt. Then you cannot produce enough ATP…and then your cells will die.
– Enough cell death & then you’ll die