Globalization (ch.12)• Analyze how

globalization has affected Canada and Canadians since 1980– Political aspect– Economic aspect– Cultural aspect

Political AspectPeacekeeper/makers• Persian Gulf 1991:

Canada sent 3 ships, 800 military personnel, & a squadron of CF-18 fighter jets

• Balkans 1991-1995: Canada sent 2400 military personnel & 45 civilian police officers. CF-18s contributed to the NATO action. We participated in landmine clearing

• Somalia 1992-1995: Canada sent the Canadian Airborne Regiment. A tragic scandal erupted when 3 members tortured & killed a Somali teenagers. The Airborne was withdrawn & later disbanded

• Rwanda 1994-1995: the international force of 500 peacekeepers was led by Canadian General Roméo Dallaire

Political AspectTerrorism• Quebec 1970: Front de

Libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnapped a British diplomat & a Quebec cabinet minister. The cabinet minister was killed

• Vancouver 1985: a bomb planted in Vancouver on an Air India flight exploded off the coast of Ireland killing 329. Sikh extremists claimed responsiblility

Economic Globalization• Some companies

expanded (Bombardier, McCain & software producers found new global markets)

• Difficult to keep costs of production low

• Some reorganized & merged to become larger (CNR tried to capture US markets)

• Companies became more cost-efficient (downsized…)

• Government sent trade missions to look for new markets

Economic AspectTrade Agreements• Canada signed the North-American Free Trade

Agreement (NAFTA)– Trade with the US increased; US investment in

Canada increased; limits effect of global recessions

– Some Canadian companies moved to the US or were sold to US Co.; 250 000 Canadian jobs were lost; recession

• Trade expanded with other countries (Israel, Chile & Costa Rica)

Economic Globalization

Cons• Cultural identities

are lost• Some corporation so

large beyond control of smaller governments

• Benefits developed world more than developing world

• Transnational Co. cause insecurity

Pros• Wide range of

products at affordable prices

• Increased trade = wealth, more jobs

• Stimulates growth of developing countries

• Makes sharing new technology fast and fair

Cultural Globalization• 95% of information comes

from huge privately owned companies

• Shape public opinion (balanced, sensational, point of view)

U.S. popular culture• People spend many hours

watching U.S. TV programming

• People wear clothing with U.S. images (sports, shows, music)

• Young people are targeted by U.S. advertisers

• Canadians have made efforts to protect Canadian culture and identity

Hollywood North•U.S. films & TV made in Vancouver, Toronto, etc. (Halifax)•Attracted by lower costs, experienced production teams & abundance of locations (“doctored”)

Cultural GlobalizationEnvironment• Deforestation• Ozone-layer deteriorations (Montreal

Protocol)• Global warming (more icebergs, rising sea

level, melting glaciers, warmer temperatures, permafrost melting, higher avg. water temp…)

• Inuit face changes to their environment & way of life due to increased temperatures

• Seals are disappearing (due to freezing & thawing)• Polar bears may become endangered• Canada & the U.S. cooperate to monitor and limit

pollution• Canada signed Kyoto Protocol (Dec. 2002)