Global warning and climate change
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Transcript of Global warning and climate change
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Global warming, climate change-definitions
Human impact on planet earth
Global environment degradation-causes, evidences and progression
Greenhouse earth-gases, effects and history
Carbon dioxide levels, sources and contributions
Global warming-concept, indicators, factors, critical targets and impacts
Ozone depletion- impacts, photochemical smog episodes
Global climate change-indicators, health impacts
“Everybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it.”
-Mark Twain,1897
“The warning about global warming have been extremely clear for a long time. We are facing a global climate crisis.”
-AI Gore
VOICE ABOUT GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
DEFINITION OF GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Global Warming Climate Change
Refers to temperature increase in the troposphere.
An increase in Earth’s average surface temperature due to rising level of greenhouse gases.
Refers to changes in any aspects of the earth’s climate including temperature, precipitation and storm intensity and patterns.
A long-term change in the Earth’s climate, or of a region on Earth.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
The environment change is a
combination of natural events and
human intervention.
It occurs at global, regional and local levels.
Human beings have altered every
element of the planet earth.
CAUSE OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Populationgrowth
Human Impacts
Per capita
consumption Te
chnology
Environmentalcrisis
Environmental impact refers to the alteration of
the natural environment by human activity.
CAUSE OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Environmental Impact(I) = population(P) * consumption(C)
I = P*C
Environmental Impact = population size * per capita consumption * pollution and resource use per unit of consumption.
WORLD HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH
18041
billion
19202
billion
19744
billion
19875
billion
19996
billion
20218
billion
20137
billion
Earth has finite resources.
Its ability to sustain the growing population is finite.
Its ability to provide food and energy is finite.
Economic need allow exploitation of natural resources
Industrialized nations consume more resources per capita.
Polution has a negative impact on humans in terms of health and quality of life, as well as on other animals and plants.
Ecological
Crisis
HUMAN CARRYING CAPACITY OF THE EARTH IS NOT INFINITE
GLOBAL CONSUMPTION EXPLOSION
Global resource consumption is rising rapidly.
The resource consumption is driven by population growth and rising wealth.
This ever-increasing consumption puts strain on the environment.
As a result, emissions and wastes pollute the earth and destroy the ecosystems.
IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY REVOLUTION
Positive Ecological effects
Negative Ecological effects
Improved quality of life Greater economic growth Rapid and bulk
production of goods Better transportation Faster communication Comfortable housing Enjoyable recreation
Pollution of life support systems
Degradation of natural habitats
Global warming and climate changes
Depletion of natural resources
Impact of industrial agriculture
Toxic contamination Depletion of ozone layer
Is a structural building with different types of covering materials, such as a glass or plastic roof & frequently glass or plastic walls
Receiving energy (in the form of light) from outside; the inside of greenhouse will heat & emit infrared radiation.
It happens that glass is a material pretty opaque to these infrared radiation emitted by the interior of greenhouse.
This prevents the energy to dissipate easily outside & leads to a temperature increase that would not happen if infrared could freely escape from greenhouse.
WHAT IS GREENHOUSE?
is a natural process that warms the Earth, and, in fact, is quite necessary for our survival. Gases in the atmosphere, like water vapour (clouds), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) act as a natural blanket by preventing the sun’s heat energy from radiating back into space, much like a greenhouse traps the sun’s energy to warm someone’s plants even in the middle of winter.
The natural greenhouse effect helps warm the Earth’s surface by as much as 33oC, and without it, our planet would be too cold for humans to survive.
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
As the sun’s energy hits the Earth, some of that energy is absorbed by the earth’s crust and by the oceans, warming the planet.
The rest of the energy is radiated back toward space as infrared energy. While some of this infrared energy does radiate back into space, some portion is absorbed and re-emitted by water vapor and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
This absorbed energy helps to warm the planet’s surface and atmosphere just like a greenhouse.
GREENHOUSE EARTH Greenhouse gases have been essential to the survival life on
planet earth.
They trap heat and cause the earth to warm.
Human activities alter the proportion of GHG’s in the atmosphere.
They add more GHGs and induce more heat trapping by the atmosphere.
WAYS TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Use less heat and air conditioning
Drive less and drive smart
Factory install smoke filters
Plant a tree
Vehicles use unleaded petrol
Enforce the law on behalf of polluting the environment
Environmental campaign
CONCEPT OF GLOBAL WARMING
Global warming is a continuing increase in the earth’s overall temperature.
It is caused by the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases have increased from human activity. Sea level is rising and snow and ice cover is
decreasing. In 2007,the International Panel on Climate
Change(IPCC) started that there is a 90% probability that human activity is causing the warming.
Many scientists feel that the consequences of global warming is irreversible.
Global warming is a serious threat brought about by human activity.
WHAT CAUSES GLOBAL
WARMING?
• Carbon dioxide + other air pollution• like a thickening blanket, trapping the sun's
heat
Source:• Coal-burning power plants are the largest
U.S. -- they produce 2.5 billion tons CO2 every year.
• Automobiles, the second largest source, create nearly 1.5 billion tons of CO2 annually.
From household: •Vehicles• Home Heating• Electricity
2009 Indian floods
The 2009 India floods affected various states of India in July 2009. The most affected states were Karnataka, Orissa, Kerala, Gujarat and North-East Indian states, with over 200 people reported dead, and a million homes destroyed.
CAUSING BAD THINGS
• 2002, Colorado, Arizona and Oregon endured worst wildfire seasons ever
• dust storms in Montana, Colorado and Kansas
• floods hundreds of millions of dollars in damage in Texas, Montana and North Dakota
• snow accumulation has declined 60
• winter seasons shortened in Cascade Range in Oregon and Washington
IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING
HOW CAN WE
CUT GLOBAL WARMIN
G POLLUTI
ON
reducing pollution from vehicles and power plantsHybrid gas-electric engines
put existing technologies for building, cleaner cars and
more modern electricity generators into widespread use
renewable energy sources such as wind, sun and geothermal
manufacture more efficient appliances and conserve energy
DO TO HELP FIGHT GLOBAL WARMING
choose a compact fluorescent light bulb over an incandescent bulb
opting for a refrigerator with the Energy Star label
fluorescent light bulb
refrigerator
• Turn off your computer or the TV when you're not using it.
• Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy.
• Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains.
• • Turn off the lights when you
leave a room.
SIMPLE THINGS TO DO
•Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up the air
conditioning. Or use a fan.
•Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning
up the heat.
•Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your AC
and furnace clean.
•Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the
car.
•Plant a tree.
BESIDE THAT :HYBRID CARS:- These still cost more than they save, but not too much, and lots of people like the idea of polluting less. We will eventually switch over almost completely and the sooner the better--there's lots of room for savings here.
NUCLEAR POWER:- Nuclear power still has problems, but makes no C02. A high priority needs to be placed on solving the nuclear-waste problem.
PUMPING C02 UNDERGROUND:-It seems incredible, but they do it all the time to force oil out of oil wells. US DOE has a big project to study this. It may turn out to be too expensive, but it is considered to be one of the best options by those in the know.
WIND POWER:- Facts will be studying this option soon. It is nearly break-even but how much could be installed? Is 5% of total power realistic? Right now that seems very far off.
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate change is a critical global change.Climate change is potentially one of the greatest of all
threats to the environment, to the biodiversity and ultimately to the quality of human life.