Global warming effects and control measures
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Transcript of Global warming effects and control measures
Presented By:
Deepak Kumar
Environmental Science
C.C.S. University Meerut
Email id: [email protected]
Gradual rise in atmosphere & ground surface
or lower atmosphere temperature ie.
Troposphere & consequent change in global
radiation balance.
As a result of enhanced greenhouse effect
increase in the mean temperature of earth’s
lower atmosphere.
incoming outgoing
78% nitrogen 20.6% oxygen < 1% argon 0.4% water vapor 0.036% carbon dioxide traces gases: Ne, He, Kr, H, O3
Methane, Nitrous Oxide
Composition of Atmosphere
Carbon Dioxide (387PPM) Source: Fossil fuel burning, deforestation
Anthropogenic increase: 30%
Average atmospheric residence time: 500 years
Methane (1750 PPb) Source: Rice cultivation, cattle & sheep ranching,
decay from landfills, mining
Anthropogenic increase: 145%
Average atmospheric residence time: 7-10 years
Nitrous oxide (320 PPb) Source: Industry and agriculture (fertilizers)
Anthropogenic increase: 15%
Average atmospheric residence time: 140-190 years
CFC’s (Chloroflouro carbons 290 PPt)
Sources: Refrigeration units, Air-conditioning,
aerosol spray cans, solvent etc.
Anthropogenic increase 4%/year
Residence time 22-102 years
Contribution of GHG's to
Global Warming(%)
60%20%
14%
6%
CO2
CH4
CFC's
N2O
Relative Contribution of Human
activities in Global Warming
49%
24%
14%
13%
Burning of fossils fuel
Industrial process
Deforestation
Agriculture
Elevated Temperature of Biosphere - Melting of Polar Ice Cap - Rise in Sea level Climate Change - Changing weather Pattern - High precipitation during shorter period Ecosystem Destruction - Coral bleaching etc. Crop Yield Human Health
Effects
Effects
Rainfall in Mumbai (India) 2005 1 million people lost their homes
Effects
Regions where major coral reef bleaching events have taken place during the past 15 years Yellow spots indicate major bleaching events
Effects
Effects of Hurricane Katrina 2005 in USA
Alternative source of energy
Generation of Carbon Sink
Carbon Trading
Imposing Carbon Tax
UNFCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)
Stabilize atmospheric concentration of GHG’s at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with climate system.
Kyoto Protocol (Japan)
It is an agreement for the reduction of GHG’s and CFC’s emissions by the nations.
Increasing human population play important role to increasing levels of GHG’s emission.
Increasing concentration of GHG’s gases may lead to more severe catastrophes than earlier.
Today’s demand to take action to reduce the emission of GHG’s at the global level. If it couldn't implemented, it will be a question for forever
Is life exist in future?
Environmental Science By;
S.C Santra
IPCC 4th Assessment Report 2007