Global Monitoring’s

forgotten history

Typewriter to smartphone in five decades

Last century This century

23 years ago

The importance not only of sewage disposal in urban areas but, more

particular of water supply and excreta disposal in rural areas has been recognized

by the organization

. . .

50 years ago

WHO’s Global data is the best that is available today …. , while admittedly

needing much refinement.

1975

38 years ago35 years ago25 years ago15 years ago10 years ago1 year ago1 week ago250 times yesterday“They argue about refinement all the time”!

Definition of terms

• Development countries: …

• Urban and Rural: …

• Reasonable access: …

• Safe water supply: …

• Excreta disposal: …

38 years ago

43 years ago

28 years ago

… it seems likely that … goals may be achieved somewhat

later …

28 years ago

fora.

. . .

23 years ago

23 years ago

In the case of sanitation all that was achieved was to keep pace with population expansion

When typewriters where high-tech !

1960 1980 1990 20001970

1959

• Provision of Safe water in adequate quantities• Concentrating on improving urban water supply

1959

1962

Conclusions in 1962① Urban Sanitation beyond sewage disposal facilities② Consider rural water supply & excreta disposal

1960 1980 1990 20001970

19591962 1977

First Global survey community water & excreta disposal

1971-2

Twelfth World health assembly Urban water and sanitationInclude rural areas and non-sewered sanitation

Mar del Plata “Right to water”

1978

Alma-Ata Primary healthcare concept

2010

1982

First e-mail (over Arpanet)

1960 1980 1990 20001970

19591962 1977

First Global survey community water & excreta disposal

1971-2

Twelfth World health assembly Urban water and sanitation

Mar del Plata “Right to water”

1978

Alma-Ata Primary healthcare concept

2010

IWSSD

Int. Water supply & sanitation decadeFirst Demographic Health Survey

1986

1983

Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP)

1960 1980 1990 20001970

19591962 1977

First Global survey community water & excreta disposal

1971-2

Twelfth World health assembly Urban water and sanitation

Mar del Plata “Right to water”

1978

Alma-Ata Primary healthcare concept

2010

IWSSD

Int. Water supply & sanitation decade

1986

Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP)Dublin Statement on water and sustainable development

1992

Wassam

1993 1994

Start World Wide WebMICS

1995

Smart phone

1996

1960 1980 1990 20001970

19591962 1977

First Global survey community water & excreta disposal

1971-2

Twelfth World health assembly Urban water and sanitation

Mar del Plata “Right to water”

1978

Alma-Ata Primary healthcare concept

2010

IWSSD

Int. Water supply & sanitation decade

1986

Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP)

1993

WassamMICS

1995 1998

Google foundedMillennium summit

20032007

i-Phone

2002

Android OS

MDG’s

WSSD African san

2003

Number of countries for which data is available

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 20100

50

100

150

200

250

1959 1980 1990 20001970

WHO & JMP global data collection

Country data collected

Core

indi

cato

rs

Har

mon

izati

on p

roce

ss

Post

201

5 in

dica

tors

• CSOs

• GLAAS

1959 1980 1990 20001970 2010

?

“In 2012 more data has been gathered in one year than in the entire history of mankind”

Robert Kirk PatrickDirector UN-Global Pulse,Executive Office of the Secretary General

What we found!

• Insights are relatively consistent over the decades (despite limited data and data verification)

• Ambition have been high throughout the decades

• Means to achieve ambitions improved over time

What we found more!

• Monitoring always seen central to progressBut seen as an eternal struggle …

• Technological advances in dissemination have made information more available over time

• Technology is changing data– collection,– use and– availability.