Global Houston - Greater Houston Partnership Houston Analysis Trade Profiles ... the resilience of...

Global HoustonAn assessment of Houston's ties to the world economy

May 2015

Publication underwritten by:

This analysis was prepared by the Research Department of the Greater Houston Partnership:

Patrick Jankowski, Jenny Philip, Edith Chambers, Josh Davis, Roel Martinez and Allegra Ellis.

An electronic version of this report can be found at www.houston.org/economy

May 2015

1Partnership Research | May 2015

Table of ConTenTs

Global Houston Analysis

Trade Prof iles – Houston’s 20 Largest Par tners

Introduction 2

The Criteria 2

A Wide Open Door 3

The Importance of Exports 4

The Role of Imports 5

From Argentina to Zimbabwe 5

Foreign Direct Investment 6

A Different Kind of Gateway 7

"I Got Here as Soon as I Could." 8

Infrastructure Befitting a Global City 8

Conclusion - What's Past is Prologue 9

Mexico 14

China 16

Brazil 18

Venezuela 20

Colombia 22

Saudi Arabia 24

Germany 26

Netherlands 28

South Korea 30

Russia 32

United Kingdom 34

Kuwait 36

Canada 38

Japan 40

Belgium 42

India 44

Chile 46

Italy 48

France 50

Ecuador 52

Commodity Trade, Ranked by Combined Export-Import Value 54

Trading Partners, Ranked by Combined Export-Import Value 58

2 Partnership Research | May 2015

inTRoDuCTion

If consumers vote with their feet, corporations vote with their capital, and Houston has fared well in recent decisions.

• In April, Air New Zealand announced it will initiate direct service between Houston and Auckland this December. When it does, Houston will have the only airport in North America that serves all six inhabited continents. Only four other cities in the world can make the same claim—Dubai, Doha, Abu Dhabi, and Johannesburg.

• In March, German-based Union Investment announced it would purchase 1000 Main for $419 million. The firm cited the resilience of Houston’s economy as a major factor in

its decision. Union has publicly stated it’s looking to make more acquisitions in Houston in the future.

• In January, Japan-based Daikin Industries announced it would invest $417 million to expand its local Goodman Manufacturing operations. Once completed, the new facility will be the most technologically sophisticated HVAC manufacturing center in the world.

These announcements signaled the confidence these firms have in Houston’s future. They also reflect what foreign investors have known for some time and locals are coming to realize—Houston has arrived as a global city.1

THe CRiTeRia

Defining what constitutes a global city has become a cottage industry, with scholars, think tanks and universities promoting their own criteria.2 However, a handful of qualities are common to all lists:

• Large, robust economy

• High volume of international trade

• Concentration of corporate headquarters

• Deep foreign investment

• Large foreign-born population

• Substantial transportation infrastructure

• International research centers

• Well-established arts and culture scene

How does Houston measure against these criteria?

Economy: The U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis estimates Houston’s gross regional product, the value of all goods and services produced in the region, at $517.4 billion in ’13. If metro Houston were a sovereign nation, it would rank as the world’s 25th largest economy, behind Poland and Nigeria but ahead of Norway and Belgium.

Trade: The Houston-Galveston Customs District handles more than $250 billion in foreign freight (imports and exports) every year and routinely ranks among the nation’s busiest customs districts.

Corporate Headquarters: Twenty-six companies on the ’14 U.S. Fortune 500 list have their headquarters in Houston. Seventy of the 100 largest non-U.S. corporations on the ’14 Fortune Global 500 also have a presence here.

Foreign Investment: More than 150 foreign-owned firms have invested in office expansions, new plants and expanded distribution facilities in Houston since the beginning of ’11.

Immigrant Population: Nearly one in four residents, 22.6 percent of Houston’s population, were born outside the U.S. Metro Houston’s 1.4 million foreign-born exceeds the entire population of the city of Dallas.

Percent of Metro Residents Foreign-Born10 Most Populous Metro Areas

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2013 American Community Survey

Miami Los Angeles New York Houston Washington

38.8% 33.4% 28.5% 22.6% 22.0%

Chicago Dallas Boston Atlanta Philadelphia

17.8% 17.5% 17.3% 13.3% 10.0%

GRoss DoMesTiC PRoDuCT - '13World Rank Country or Region $ billions

23 Nigeria 521.6

24 Poland 517.7

25 Metro Houston 517.4

26 Norway 512.6

27 Belgium 508.3

28 Taiwan 489.1

29 Austria 416.1

Source: International Monetary Fund and U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

1 The term “city” used in this report is interchangeable with “metro Houston.”2 Additional discussions of the global city concept can be found at New Geography, Brookings Institution, Global World Cities Research Network, The Mori Memorial Foundation, and Economist Intelligence Unit.


Transportation Infrastructure: Twenty foreign-flag carriers offer non-stop air service to 73 markets overseas. When Air New Zealand initiates service, those numbers will rise to 21 and 74 respectively. In ’14, the Port of Houston ranked first in foreign tonnage among U.S. ports, the 19th consecutive year in the top spot.

Global Research: The Texas Medical Center is the largest medical center in the world. Rice University’s James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy attracts scholars and analysts from across the globe. The University of Houston is one of only three public Tier One universities in the state.3

Arts and Culture: Fodor’s Travel rates the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston ninth among the “Must-See Art Museums in America.” The Houston Grand Opera, Houston Symphony Orchestra and The Houston Ballet are internationally renowned. More than 500 institutions are devoted to the performing and visual arts in Houston.

Just One More

Urban theorist Joel Kotkin adds another criterion to the global scorecard. For a place to truly be a global city, it must be the focal point for an industry, a place in which a firm must have a physical presence or visit on a regular basis to stay current in the industry. For fashion, Paris and Milan meet that criterion. In finance, it’s New York and London. For technology, San Francisco and Seattle claim that honor. For energy, it’s Houston.

Houston’s global connections are as strong as its ties to the oil and gas industry. If energy prices remain low for long, those global connections will become more important to the region’s growth. In the pages that follow, the Partnership discusses Houston’s ties to the global economy.

a WiDe oPen DooR

More than $253 billion in goods and commodities passed through the Houston-Galveston Customs District in ’14 ― an average of $482,000 in trade transiting the region every 60 seconds. The top commodities handled: electrical machinery,

fuels, industrial machinery, iron and steel, organic chemicals and plastics.4

Customs district traffic has grown 238 percent since ’00. In comparison, Houston’s payroll employment has grown 34.2 percent and population 38.2 percent over the same period.

Houston ranked as the nation’s fifth busiest trade gateway in ’14, up from ninth in ’00. The district had ranked as high as third in recent years, but a $25 billion drop in the value of crude imports since ’12 has reduced the overall value of shipments and dropped Houston a few notches in the rankings.

Many customs districts are simply gateways through which goods pass on their way to global markets. Third-ranked Laredo is a typical example. That district handled $280.0 billion in foreign trade last year, a sizeable chunk for a metro with 266,673 residents, or 4.1 percent of Houston’s population.

The Houston-Galveston Customs District is different, however, in that much of its traffic is tied to local manufac-turing. Three examples:

• More than $27.6 billion in chemical and plastic exports passed through the customs district last year. Houston has 42.0 percent of the nation’s base petrochemical capacity and more than 500 chemical plants operate in the region.

• Crude oil imports totaled $57.5 billion in ’14 and one-fourth of the nation’s refining capacity (4.5 million barrels per day) is located on the Texas Gulf Coast.

3 Only two percent of all universities classified by the Carnegie Foundation receive Tier One designation. 4 The Houston-Galveston Customs District includes the ports of Houston, Galveston, Texas City, Freeport, Lavaca, Corpus Christi and Houston Intercontinental and Sugar Land Regional Airports.

Houston-Galveston Customs District Tra�c$ Billions

Source: WISER, from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division

ImportsExports

29 45 '00

29 42 '0 1

29 40 '02

32 49 '03

39 65 '04

47 89 '05

58 104 '06

72 113 '07

90 151 '08

75 92 '09

95 117 ' 1 0

119 149 ' 1 1

127 147 ' 1 2

129 123 ' 1 3

131 122 ' 1 4


• Machinery exports via the district totaled $19.9 billion in ’14 and Houston has 16.9 percent of all U.S. jobs in agricul-ture, construction and mining equipment manufacturing.

The U.S. International Trade Administration (ITA) measures exports differently than the Census Bureau. ITA looks at where a good or commodity began its export journey, be that the factory floor, the city where purchased, or the warehouse where the goods were consolidated for shipment. The ITA refers to this as the “Origin of Movement” or “OM” series.

Based on Origin of Movement, Houston led the nation in exports in ’12 and ’13, beating out New York, and ranked second from ’05 to ’11, just behind New York. Houston’s OM exports grew from $41.7 billion in ’05 to $114.9 in ’13, a 175 percent increase. Top exports according to the ITA are refined products, chemicals, industrial machinery, computers, and oil and gas extraction.

THe iMPoRTanCe of exPoRTs

To illustrate the importance of exports to job growth, ITA offers a simple rule of thumb. Every $1 billion in U.S. manufacturing exports supports 5,210 jobs; every $1 billion in U.S. service exports supports 7,033. Admittedly that’s simplistic, and it lumps all industries and all metros into one formula, but it does illustrate that export growth supports job growth.

A more accurate measure of the impact exports have on Houston can be developed using the Regional Input-Output Modeling System, also known as RIMS-II. The U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis has developed the model using an input-output table, a method for determining how an increase in output in one sector requires inputs from various other sectors in a region’s economy. The Partnership uses RIMS-II to measure the impact a company relocating to Houston has on the local economy. A typical relocation results in additional goods or services being sold outside of Houston, so the same method can be used to estimate the impact that an increase in exports to markets outside the U.S. will have on the region. The table to the right provides insight into how each $100 million increase in exports originated in Houston might benefit the region.

PoTenTial iMPaCT – GooDs anD seRviCes exPoRTs

additional employmenteconomic impact

($ Millions)

Direct* indirect** Total Total sales

Change in GDP

$100 Million in Manufacturing exports

Petrochemicals 84 876 960 $262.8 $94.9

Plastics 109 845 954 $261.9 $97.0

Oil field equipment 225 795 1020 $211.7 $95.3

Electronic components 428 721 1149 $198.8 $89.3

Scientific instruments 490 747 1237 $197.2 $103.4

$100 Million in service exports

Engineering services 832 1,046 1,878 $211.8 $139.8

Management consulting 1,095 1,087 2,182 $215.2 $140.9

Computer systems design 753 1,146 1,899 $220.3 $142.9

Healthcare services 868 1,023 1,891 $214.6 $143.0

Environmental services 1,010 924 1,934 $197.5 $133.5

* jobs in the manufacturing plant or service provider** jobs created in firms that support the manufacturer or service providerSource: Greater Houston Partnership calculations using BEA’s Regional Input-Output Modeling System

Top Exporting Metros - ’13

Source: U.S. International Trade Administration

HOUSTON$114.9 BILLION

NEW YORK CITY$106.9 BILLION

LOS ANGELES$76.3 BILLION

SEATTLE$56.6 BILLION

DETROIT$53.9 BILLION


THe Role of iMPoRTs

Calculating the contribution of imports to Houston’s economy is more problematic. On the surface, importing a good consumed locally implies a job has been lost to an overseas manufacturer. But it’s not that simple. An import may arrive at the Port of Houston as a raw good (crude oil), undergo local processing (refining), and enter the U.S. economy as a finished product (gasoline) or be an export (diesel) destined for a foreign market. For example, more than $53.6 billion in refined products left the Houston customs district for markets overseas last year.

Local firms also import a significant volume of intermediate goods that are incorporated into final manufactured products. Think global supply chain. Last year, Houston imported $72.6 million in nuts and bolts. Some found their way on to the racks at Lowe’s and The Home Depot, but a significant

amount became components of products manufactured here, such as computers, oil field equipment, vehicles, and measuring instruments, some of which were exported.

More easily classified are the imports that add flavor to our quality of life. The region imported $1.3 billion in wine, cognac and whiskey last year. Local mixologists could still tend bar without these spirits, but the additional selections provide locals with more options, and in a small way enhance a Houstonian's quality of life.

And there are imports that allow us to do our jobs efficiently and effectively. More than $118.0 million in forklifts, $735.4 million in tractors, $202.4 million in compressors, and $126.9 million in scaffolding and ladders were imported through the customs district last year. The point is, imports also play a vital role in almost every aspect of Houston’s economy.

fRoM aRGenTina To ZiMbabWe

The Partnership, working with a variety of sources, has identified more than 5,700 Houston-area firms engaged in global commerce.5 Ten years ago, the Partnership included just over 3,200 firms in its International Business Directory. In ’86, International Houston, a directory published by the Houston Chamber of Commerce (predecessor to the Partnership) contained just over 1,900 firms. An analysis of the firms on this year’s list finds:

• At least 2,800 local manufacturers engage in global commerce, either by importing components and raw materials or exporting their finished products overseas.6

• Houston-area firms trade goods or services with virtually every country in the world. The few exceptions are North Korea and a handful of island nations such as Kiribati, Niue and Vanuatu. Even Cuba, under trade sanctions since the ’60s, received a few thousand dollars in Houston exports last year.

• Global trade is not confined to Houston’s largest corpo-rations. The Partnership found several hundred firms with fewer than 10 employees shipping goods and commodi-ties overseas.

• The Port of Houston and Bush Intercontinental Airport are the primary export gateways for locally-produced goods, but some Houston goods leave via other ports, including Los Angeles and Miami.

• A number of smaller firms have found niches exporting an odd variety of items—e.g. groceries to the Middle East, used clothing to Latin America, and dried goat skins to Asia.

• Some exporters send only a handful of shipments overseas each year while others send dozens each day.

Houston has a large cadre of firms that export services—construction management, engineering and design, adver-tising and marketing, software and computer systems, accounting and legal services—but these firms are difficult to identify since they don’t file customs declarations or bills of lading. A partial count from just one source the Partnership used in developing the overall list suggests that well over 2,200 Houston companies export their services overseas.

5 The 5,700 firms come from combining information from the following sources—Manufacturers News, Office of the Governor of Texas, Port Import/Export Reporting Service (PIERS), U.S. Ex-Im Bank, Uniworld, the Partnership’s own proprietary database, local consulates, and independent web-based research.6 The count is likely much higher but the various databases the Partnership relied on were inconsistent in how they reported individual company data.

Houston Firms Engaged in Global Commerce

Source: Various

'86

1,900

5,700

3,200

'05 '15


foReiGn DiReCT invesTMenT

Foreign direct investment (FDI) primarily takes two forms in Houston:7

• The establishment of new offices, factories and distribu-tion facilities, and

• The acquisition of real estate.

FDI is important to Houston for several reasons. It infuses new capital into the region, helps to underpin jobs, facilitates the exchange of ideas and best practices and stimulates growth.

The Partnership has identified more than 600 foreign-owned companies with operations in Houston. These firms come from 66 countries and territories. They operate in all sectors of the economy, with their strongest presence in chemicals, energy, finance, retail and transportation. Some are household names, like BP, Shell and Toyota, while others are lesser-known firms, like Foxconn, Marubeni and Technip. All are important to Houston’s economy.

A recent study by The Brookings Institution outlined the benefits that foreign investment brings to the U.S.:

U.S. affiliates of foreign companies pay above-average wages. According to Brookings, wages are 28 percent higher in foreign-owned firms. The think tank notes these firms pay higher wages because they tend to be for highly- productive jobs concentrated in capital intensive industries. In Houston, foreign investment tends to be concentrated in the chemicals and engineering sectors, industries whose average annual compensation was twice the average for all Houston industries, and energy, which tends to pay three times the local average.

Foreign direct investment increases the region’s capital stock. The Partnership has identified at least $12.5 billion in capital investments made by foreign-owned firms in Houston since January ’11.

FDI increases the region’s manufacturing base. More than half the above investments were in the manufacturing sector, primarily in chemicals processing and equipment manufacturing.

FDI increases trade and exports. Five commodities accounted for 77 percent of the region’s exports in ’14—chemicals, industrial equipment, electrical equipment, plastics and refined products. These are also the sectors which have attracted the largest share of foreign investment in recent years.

U.S. affiliates of foreign companies conduct a large amount of R&D. Many foreign-owned firms have offices in Houston because the region has the second largest population of engineers in the U.S. (and energy and chemicals, by their very nature, are research intensive.)8

The Partnership estimates that foreign-owned firms accounted for 150,000 private sector jobs in Houston in ’14. Brookings places the number closer to 200,000.

Enbridge Energy - CanadaTranscanada Corp. - Canada

BBVA Compass Bank - SpainHSBC - United Kingdom

Toshiba Corporation - Japan

CB&I - Netherlands

BG Group - United KingdomBHP Billiton - AustrailiaMaersk - DenmarkPDVSA - Venezuela

BP PLC - United KingdomRoyal Dutch Shell Group -NetherlandsStatoil - Norway

Aker Solutions - NorwaySchlumberger - FranceTGS - Norway

Pentair Valves & Controls -United Kingdom

Compagnie GeneraleDe Geophysique - France

Wartsila Finland - Finland

JSW Steel - India

Sodexo - France

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries -Japan

ABB - SwitzerlandAMEC Oil & Gas Americas -United KingdomBilfinger Tepsco - GermanySiemens - GermanyWood Group - United KingdomWorleyParsons Group - Austrailia

Foster Wheeler - SwitzerlandTechnip Group - France

Hon Hai Precision Industry - Taiwan

Air Liquide - FranceBASF Group - GermanyBayer - GermanyINEOS AG - SwitzerlandLyondell Basell - Netherlands

CEMEX - Mexico

Source: Greater Houston Partnership International database, May 2015

Selected Foreign-Owned Companieswith 500 or More Employees in Houston

BANKING

BUILDING MATERIALS

CHEMICALS

ELECTRICALEQUIPMENT

ELECTRONICS CONTRACT MANUFACTURING

ENERGY

ENGINEERING &CONSTRUCTION SERVICES

ENGINEERING SERVICES

FABRICATEDMETAL PRODUCTS

FOOD SERVICES

GEOPHYSICALSERVICES

MACHINERY

MANUFACTURING

METALS

OIL & GASEXPLORATION & PRODUCTION

OIL & GASINTEGRATEDOPERATIONS

OIL & GAS SERVICES

PIPELINE &TRANSPORTATIONOF OIL

7 There’s a third form of FDI, the acquisition of existing companies by foreign firms, but that’s not included in this analysis.8 The Los Angelese metro ranks first.


a DiffeRenT KinD of GaTeWay

In recent years, Houston has emerged as a gateway city for foreign real estate investors. The term “gateway” is used in the industry to describe the most-desirable real estate markets for foreign investors. To the layman, a better term might be “AAA” or “high-yield,” which better defines invest-ment performance in these markets. New York, Washington D.C., Boston, Los Angeles and San Francisco have been the traditional gateway markets for foreign investors.

What makes a gateway city? Strong employment growth, which leads to high demand for office space; low class-A office vacancies, which support rent growth; limited supply of new office space, which assures vacancy rates won’t increase significantly; rent stability, helping maintain cash flow; reasonable cap rates, offering a decent rate of return;9 strong prospects for economic growth, suggesting demand for space will remain strong; and a high volume of deals and transactions.

How does Houston measure against those criteria? The region has added 624,000 jobs since March ’05, more than any other U.S. metro except the much larger New York. The overall class-A office vacancy rate stood at 9.2 percent at the end of Q1/15 and was substantially lower in several of Houston’s submarkets. In spite of the recent economic boom, the office market is not overbuilt, though some soft pockets may appear in coming months as buildings under construction are completed. Houston is projected to add another 1.0 to 2.0 million residents over the next 10 years and the economy is expected to more than double in size over the next 25 years.

Additionally, investing in Houston appeals to foreigners because local office leases run for seven to 10 years, unlike leases in Europe, which may run for as long as 30 years,

limiting the possibility for income growth. Likewise, Houston apartment leases renew every 12 months, also allowing for more frequent rent increases.

Working with data from Real Capital Analytics, the Partner-ship has identified 96 foreign buyers and more than 400 transactions that have taken place here since ’01. These transactions had a total value in excess of $12.0 billion. The buyers came from 21 countries, with Canada, Australia, Israel, Germany and South Korea accounting for approxi-mately three-fourths of the total transaction value.

Indications are that foreign buyers will continue to shop for Houston real estate. In a Q4/14 member survey, the Associ-ation of Foreign Investors in Real Estate (AFIRE) ranked Houston as the sixth best market in the world in which to invest. (New York, London, San Francisco, Tokyo and Madrid ranked one through five.) Houston was fifth in ’13 and fourth in ’14. The recent slip in the rankings reflects Tokyo’s and Madrid’s ascendance, not a diminution of Houston’s growth prospects.

Foreign investors have a penchant for all forms of real estate—multifamily, industrial, hotels, retail—but have a penchant for trophy office buildings. Houston boasts 32 skyscrapers, buildings at least 150 meters tall. These trophy buildings represent 39.3 million square feet of leasable space and a ’14 appraised value of $9.5 billion. Working with various sources, the Partnership has determined that 11 are owned, co-owned, or financed by foreign investors. These 11 represent 12.5 million square feet, or 31.8 percent of the trophy space, and $4.3 billion in appraised value. The number of foreign-owned skyscrapers may be higher, but because many buyers are secretive about their transactions, actual ownership of many buildings is hard to determine.

9 A cap rate is the annual income an asset produces divided by the price paid for that asset. In practice, calculating the rate involves a host of factors. Cap rates are an indirect measure of how fast an investment pays for itself, and is useful when comparing the merits of different real estate investments.

seleCTeD foReiGn-oWneD TRoPHy builDinGs in HousTon

building name Property address foreign ownership interest impr sq ft '14 appraised value

JPMorgan Chase Tower 600 Travis St Lebanon 1,992,321 $514,361,991

Pennzoil Place 711 Louisiana St Germany 1,424,162 $354,528,379

Three Allen Center 333 Clay St Canada 1,282,908 $314,777,900

Continental Center I 1600 Smith St Canada 1,227,182 $356,478,246

Heritage Plaza 1111 Bagby St Canada & U.S. 1,212,895 $369,527,791

Two Allen Center (Devon Energy Tower) 1200 Smith St Canada 1,181,743 $237,633,220

BG Group Place 811 Main St Korea 972,474 $468,546,916

Hess Tower 1501 McKinney St Canada 965,426 $396,555,006

Total Plaza 1201 Louisiana St Canada 877,625 $185,005,418

1000 Main (Reliant Energy Plaza) 1000 Main St Germany 850,294 $315,485,000

Wedge International Tower 1415 Louisiana St Lebanon 536,626 $81,910,987

SOURCE: Partnership Research; Harris County Appraisal District; Texas Secretary of State; CoStar; Hoovers; Skyscrapepage.com; Skyscraper.com; Emporis.com; Houston Business Journal; building websites


“i GoT HeRe as soon as i CoulD.”

Economists often cite the size of a region’s immigrant popula-tion as a hallmark of a global city. Think of London, Paris, and New York. One feature they all have in common is large communities of foreign nationals. Why is that important? For several reasons:

Immigrants are risk takers. They left their homes and their families to start new lives in a different country. Risk-taking begets innovation, which generates new ideas, spawning new technologies and creating new growth opportunities.

Immigrants are entrepreneurial. According to the Small Business Administration, immigrants are twice as likely to start a business as native-born citizens.

Immigrants maintain ties to their homeland, facilitating the flow of trade. When the Houston Airport System works with foreign flag carriers, a question routinely asked is, “What’s the size of the expat and immigrant population?” The airline

wants assurances that all the seats will be filled when their plane leaves the runway at Intercontinental.

The presence of a large expat and immigrant commu-nity is important to foreign corporations seeking to open offices here. First, they want to know that other companies have succeeded in Houston. Second, they want to know their workers on temporary assignment will feel comfort-able living here.

Growth in one’s immigrant community tends to be self-rein-forcing. A foreign national is more likely to relocate to a city with a large population of his or her countrymen.

A growing immigrant community reflects a certain dynamism in the local economy. It’s rare that immigrants would move to a metro whose economy is dying and offers limited job oppor-tunities. That’s why they left their home in the first place.

infRasTRuCTuRe befiTTinG a Global CiTy

Just as a subdivision can’t function without streets, lights and sewers, a global city can’t exist without infrastructure—physical and intellectual. Houston’s is well developed.

• A key center for international finance, Houston has 21 foreign banks from nine nations. The Houston operations of these banks account for 12 of Texas’ 15 foreign bank representative offices and seven of Texas’ nine foreign bank agencies.

• Ninety-two nations have consular representation in the city, ranking Houston’s consular corps as the third largest in the nation.

• Fourteen foreign governments maintain trade and commercial offices here, and the city has 32 active foreign chambers of commerce and trade associations.

• In ’14, the Port of Houston ranked 1st in import tonnage (24th consecutive year), 2nd in total tonnage (23rd consec-utive year), 6th among U.S. container ports, and captures 67 percent of all container traffic on the Gulf Coast.

• One in every five air passengers traveling through IAH last year was traveling internationally, up from one in 11 20 years ago. When Houston Hobby’s International Terminal opens this fall, Houston will be one of only six U.S. markets with two international hubs.10

10 The others are Chicago, New York, San Francisco/Oakland, Miami/Ft Lauderdale, and Washington/Baltimore.

Origins of Houston’s 1.4 Million Foreign-Born Residents

Source: 2013 American Community Survey

65.2%

24.1%

4.7%

4.5%1.3%

0.2%Latin America

Asia

Europe

Africa

North America

Oceania


• Consumers can search the Houston Association of Realtors® properties database (HAR.com) in English, Spanish, Chinese, French, German, Italian and Vietnamese. The association’s more than 5,600 multilin-gual realtors speak 94 languages.

• Houston has two daily Chinese-language newspapers, plus at least 21 less frequently published newspapers and magazines in a variety of languages. Five television stations present programming in Spanish and one station includes programming in Chinese. Spanish broadcasting has a significant presence on radio with 13 stations. Two stations offer programming in several Asian languages and three stations offer programs in a wide variety of languages.

• Houston has 17 sister-city relationships promoting business opportunities across five continents: Australia (1), Asia (6), Europe (7), Africa (1) and Americas (2).

The Port of Houston Authority and the Houston Airport System continue to expand their infrastructure and extend the region’s reach further into global markets.

The Port of Houston Authority plans to continue the modern-ization of the Barbours Cut terminal and continue the build out of the Bayport container terminal. In May, four new Super Post-Panamax wharf cranes arrived at Barbours Cut to handle the larger vessels that will call on Houston in the future. In addition to landside terminal investments, the entrance channels at each facility will be deepened and widened to accommodate Post-Panamax vessels.

In October, Hobby Airport will open its doors as a regional international airport, offering direct service to Central America, the Caribbean and the northern rim of South America. This new facility is expected to handle an additional one million international passengers each year. And HAS expects to begin demolishing the aging Mickey Leland Inter-national Terminal in ’17 and have the new terminal up and running by the end of ’21.

ConClusion - WHaT’s PasT is PRoloGue

When the Allen Brothers founded the city in 1836, they envisioned Houston as a trading center for the newly formed Republic of Texas. John and Augustus placed a notice in the Telegraph and Texas Register promoting their fledgling city as “located at a point… which must ever command trade of the largest and richest portion of Texas.” The first steam-ship, Laura, called on Houston in January 1837, launching Houston as a regional trading center.

Nearly two centuries later, Houston remains true to the Allen Brothers’ vision. Houston remains a trading center,

but one focused on the exchange of ideas, information, technology and capital―not just commodities. And Houston now trades not just with “the largest and richest portion of Texas,” but with the world. Houston continues to leverage the successes of the past, but seeks new engines for future growth. Whatever direction Houston takes, whatever growth engines emerge, one thing is certain—Houston’s global ties will shape the city’s future.

Foreign Markets served Non-Stop From Houston

Source: Houston Airport System

foreign flag Carriersserving Houston AeromexicoAir CanadaAir China LimitedAir FranceAir New Zealand (Dec ’15)All Nippon AirwaysAVIANCABritish AirwaysEmiratesEVA AirInterJetKLM Royal Dutch AirlinesKorean Air LinesLufthansaQatar AirwaysScandinavian Airlines SystemSingapore AirlinesSouthwest AirlinesTurkish AirlinesUnited AirlinesVivaAerobusVolarisWestjet


HOUSTON’S TRADING PARTNERS

Source: WISER, from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division

33.4%

30.8%

14.6%11.4%

11.5%

18.1%

20.4%41.8%

3.8%3.6%0.8%

2.4%6.0%1.4%

Latin America

W. Europe

Asia

Middle East

E Europe

Africa

Australia/New Zealand 2014 1998

Top imports - Houston Galveston Customs District - '14

Rank $ Billions % of Total

1 Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils and Waxes 57.481 47.2

2 Industrial Equipment and Computers 11.542 9.5

3 Articles of Iron or Steel 9.478 7.8

4 Organic Chemicals 5.980 4.9

5 Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts 5.849 4.8

6 Motor Vehicles and Parts 4.326 3.6

7 Iron and Steel 3.317 2.7

8 Plastics and Plastic Articles 1.852 1.5

9 Beverages, Spirits And Vinegar 1.422 1.2

10 Optic, Photographic, Medical, Surgical Instruments 1.210 1.0

Total - Top 10 Imports 102.458 84.1

All Other Commodities 19.337 15.9

Total - All Commodities 121.795 100.0

Top import sources - Houston Galveston Customs District - '14


1 Mexico 16.386 13.5

2 China 11.060 9.1

3 Venezuela 8.618 7.1

4 Saudi Arabia 7.793 6.4

5 Germany 7.696 6.3

6 Kuwait 5.540 4.5

7 Brazil 5.371 4.4

8 Russia 5.348 4.4

9 Korea, Republic Of 4.618 3.8

10 Colombia 4.208 3.5

Total - Top 10 Import Sources 76.637 62.9

All Others 45.158 37.1

Total - All Countries 121.795 100.0

Top exports - Houston Galveston Customs District - '14


1 Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils and Waxes 53.630 40.8

2 Industrial Equipment and Computers 19.869 15.1

3 Organic Chemicals 16.003 12.2

4 Plastics And Articles Thereof 7.031 5.3

5 Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts 5.252 4.0

6 Miscellaneous Chemical Products 3.261 2.5

7 Cereals 3.191 2.4

8 Motor Vehicles and Parts 3.135 2.4

9 Optic, Photographic, Medical, Surgical Instruments 2.515 1.9

10 Articles of Iron or Steel 2.813 2.1

Total - Top 10 Exports 116.701 88.7

All Other Commodities 14.794 11.3

Total - All Commodities 131.494 100.0

Top export Destinations - Houston Galveston Customs District - '14


1 Mexico 12.395 9.4

2 Brazil 10.289 7.8

3 Netherlands 7.297 5.5

4 Colombia 6.762 5.1

5 China 5.533 4.2

6 Canada 5.285 4.0

7 Venezuela 4.308 3.3

8 Chile 3.983 3.0

9 Korea, Republic Of 3.744 2.8

10 Belgium 3.526 2.7

Total - Top 10 Export Destinations 63.122 48.0

All Others 68.372 52.0

Total All Countries 131.494 100.0

TRaDe PRofile HiGHliGHTs

2015

Trade ProfilesHouston’s top 20 trade partners represented 71.0 percent of Houston’s customs district traffic in ’14. Immediately following this page is a map showing Houston’s exports and imports with 23 world regions. After this, detailed profiles of Houston’s top 20 trade partners are offered. Concluding are trade tables listing all Houston partners and diverse commodities traded globally. Greater Houston Partnership Research would like to acknowledge WISERTrade (wiser-trade.org) as the primary data source consistently used and cited throughout this report with additional analysis by Partnership Research for deeper insight into the state of Houston’s global economy.


.

aMeRiCas - HousTon TRaDe '14

Region Rank Total

Trade

Sub-Region Houston Trade Partner

Imports to Houston (in $ dollars)

Exports from Houston

(in $ dollars)

% of Total Houston Imports

% of Total Houston Exports

2014 aMeRiCas Total 42,690,719,679 63,519,172,191 35.05% 48.31%

1 South America 20,729,533,695 34,686,735,258 17.02% 26.38%

2 North America 16,866,928,269 17,698,040,711 13.85% 13.46%

7 Central America 3,423,075,846 6,882,096,587 2.81% 5.23%

10 Caribbean America 1,671,181,869 4,252,299,635 1.37% 3.23%

Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data

Region Rank Total

Trade

Sub-Region Houston Trade

Partner



(in $ dollars)



2014 euRoPe Total 32,786,958,935 28,443,398,754 26.92% 21.63%

5 Western Europe 9,065,543,766 16,582,741,686 7.44% 12.61%

6 Central Europe 10,208,673,675 2,906,624,671 8.38% 2.21%

8 Eastern Europe 5,676,592,567 1,663,559,155 4.66% 1.27%

12 Southern Europe 3,035,580,953 2,068,018,654 2.49% 1.57%

15 Southeastern Europe 1,501,993,889 2,099,464,080 1.23% 1.60%

17 Southwestern Europe 1,429,471,537 1,844,787,618 1.17% 1.40%

18 Northern Europe 1,869,102,548 1,278,202,890 1.53% 0.97%

Region Rank Total

Trade


Partner



(in $ dollars)



2014 MiDDle easT Total

17,320,674,318 8,509,578,681 14.22% 6.47%

4 Middle East 17,320,674,318 8,509,578,681 14.22% 6.47%

ToTal Global TRaDe - HousTon '14

Sub-Region Hou ston Trade Partner



(in $ dollars)



Global Total 121,795,311,517 131,494,228,108 100.00% 100.00%

AMERICAS 42,690,719,679 63,519,172,191 35.05% 48.31%

EUROPE 32,786,958,935 28,443,398,754 26.92% 21.63%

ASIA 26,273,965,148 21,369,583,772 21.57% 16.25%

MIDDLE EAST 17,320,674,318 8,509,578,681 14.22% 6.47%

AFRICA 2,722,993,437 9,652,494,710 2.24% 7.34%


euRoPe - HousTon

MiDDle easT - HousTon

Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau

Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau

asia - HousTon TRaDe '14

Region Rank Total

Trade




(in $ dollars)



2014 asia Total 26,273,965,148 21,369,583,772 21.57% 16.25%

3 Eastern Asia 19,294,741,806 13,236,381,530 15.84% 10.07%

9 Southeastern Asia 2,584,516,164 4,238,310,520 2.12% 3.22%

11 Southern Asia 3,460,338,322 1,792,040,911 2.84% 1.36%

19 Oceania 566,348,212 1,369,875,265 0.47% 1.04%

20 Central Asia 330,465,192 366,978,210 0.27% 0.28%

22 Southwestern Asia 37,555,452 365,997,336 0.03% 0.28%


afRiCa - HousTon TRaDe '14

Region Rank Total

Trade




(in $ dollars)



2014 afRiCa Total 2,722,993,437 9,652,494,710 2.24% 7.34%

13 Western Africa 567,992,213 3,978,391,227 0.47% 3.03%

14 Northern Africa 1,179,119,980 2,636,976,892 0.97% 2.01%

16 Southern Africa 897,821,825 2,452,937,645 0.74% 1.87%

21 Eastern Africa 57,237,919 476,265,291 0.05% 0.36%

23 Central Africa 20,821,500 107,923,655 0.02% 0.08%


Region Rank Total

Trade


Partner



(in $ dollars)



2014 euRoPe Total 32,786,958,935 28,443,398,754 26.92% 21.63%

5 Western Europe 9,065,543,766 16,582,741,686 7.44% 12.61%

6 Central Europe 10,208,673,675 2,906,624,671 8.38% 2.21%

8 Eastern Europe 5,676,592,567 1,663,559,155 4.66% 1.27%

12 Southern Europe 3,035,580,953 2,068,018,654 2.49% 1.57%

15 Southeastern Europe 1,501,993,889 2,099,464,080 1.23% 1.60%

17 Southwestern Europe 1,429,471,537 1,844,787,618 1.17% 1.40%

18 Northern Europe 1,869,102,548 1,278,202,890 1.53% 0.97%

Region Rank Total

Trade


Partner



(in $ dollars)



2014 MiDDle easT Total

17,320,674,318 8,509,578,681 14.22% 6.47%

4 Middle East 17,320,674,318 8,509,578,681 14.22% 6.47%

TRaDe '14

TRaDe '14

Foreign Trade Division data

Foreign Trade Division data


#1: MexiCo – HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Mexico share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 1,100 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Mexico. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Mexican subsidiaries, 43 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 139 subsidiary locations throughout Mexico. Conversely, 17 Mexican firms operate 19 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Mexico increased at a compound annual growth rate of 9.8 percent.

2014 Trade Highlights

Total Trade (Sea + Air)

• The Houston-Galveston Customs District ("Houston") is the fifth busiest gateway for U.S-Mexican trade.

• Mexico ranks first among Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Mexico increased 1.4 percent, from $28.4 billion in ’13 to $28.8 billion last year. A rise in the value of imports in articles of iron or steel, and exports of industrial and electrical machinery equipment and parts accounted for most of the increase.

• Exports to Mexico totaled $12.4 billion in ’14, compared to $13.4 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Mexico totaled $16.4 billion in ’14, compared to $14.9 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Mexican waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Mexico totaled $28.5 billion in ’14, an increase from $28.3 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the 13th busiest gateway for U.S.-Mexican air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Mexico totaled 926.5 thousand kilograms in ’14, compared to 614.8 thousand kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND MEXICO

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0


Imports Exports


#1: MexiCo – HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To MexiCo

$ value, Millions

% of Total% Change'13 - '14Rank Commodity '13 '14

1 Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes 8,767.6 7,557.5 61.0 -13.8

2 Organic Chemicals 3,524.2 3,519.8 28.4 -0.1

3 Industrial Equipment and Computers 286.5 551.5 4.4 92.5

4 Cereals 361.7 217.2 1.8 -40.0

5 Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts 39.9 127.3 1.0 218.9

6 Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar 62.6 65.4 0.5 4.4

7 Aircraft, Spacecraft and Parts Thereof 34.4 57.9 0.5 68.1

8 Inorganic Chemicals 52.6 46.6 0.4 -11.3

9 Oil Grain, Seed, Fruit and Plant Seeds 46.4 45.5 0.4 -1.9

10 Animal or Vegetable Fats, Oils and Waxes 61.9 35.9 0.3 -41.9

Total Top 10 Commodities 13,238.0 12,224.6 94.4 -7.7

All Other Commodities 206.9 170.5 5.6 -17.6

ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 13,444.9 12,395.2 100.0 -7.8


iMPoRTs - MexiCo To HousTon

$ value, Millions


1 Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes 14,207.8 15,088.4 92.1 6.2

2 Articles of Iron or Steel 305.3 633.8 3.9 107.6

3 Organic Chemicals 190.9 224.7 1.4 17.7

4 Iron and Steel 92.6 133.6 0.8 44.2

5 Motor Vehicles and Parts 630.6 78.4 0.5 12,330.6

6 Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment and Parts 23.3 56.5 0.3 143.2

7 Salt, Sulfur, Stone, Lime and Cement Plaster 16.8 36.4 0.2 116.8

8 Sugar and Sugar Confectionary 7.5 21.4 0.1 187.3

9 Non-Knitted Apparel and Accessories 10.3 20.7 0.1 100.8

10 Coffee, Tea and Spices 17.5 17.5 0.1 -0.1

Total Top 10 Commodities 14,872.7 16,311.5 99.5 9.7

All Other Commodities 63.1 74.6 0.5 18.2

ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 14,935.8 16,386.1 100.0 9.7



#2: CHina - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and China share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 900 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with China. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Chinese subsidiaries, 49 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 115 subsidiary locations throughout China. Conversely, 10 Chinese firms operate 10 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and China increased at a compound annual growth rate of 15.9 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the 10th busiest gateway for U.S-Chinese trade.

• China ranks second among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and China has more than quadrupled since ’04, and experienced a rise of 22.0 percent in ’14, increasing from $13.6 billion in ’13 to $16.6 billion last year. A rise in the value of exports to China in cereals, and Houston imports of industrial equipment and computers accounted for most of the increase.

• Exports to China totaled $5.5 billion in ’14, compared to $4.8 billion in ’13.

• Imports from China totaled $11.1 billion in ’14, compared to $8.8 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the eighth busiest gateway for U.S.-Chinese waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and China totaled $15.6 billion in ’14, an increase from $12.9 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the 12th busiest gateway for U.S.-Chinese air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and China totaled 17.5 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 10.3 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND CHINA

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0


Imports Exports


#2: CHina - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To CHina

$ value, Millions


1 Cereals 40.5 1,205.4 21.8 2,878.9


3 Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes 914.1 811.1 14.7 -11.3


5 Plastics and Plastic Articles 402.9 378.6 6.8 -6.0



8 Rubber and Rubber Articles 179.4 149.6 2.7 -16.6

9 Oil Grain, Seed, Fruit and Plant Seeds 447.5 112.0 2.0 -75.0

10 Miscellaneous Chemical Products 57.8 103.9 1.9 79.7





iMPoRTs - CHina To HousTon

$ value, Millions


1 Industrial Equipment and Computers 1,592.8 2,292.7 20.7 43.9

2 Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts 1,121.2 1,425.9 12.9 27.2

3 Articles of Iron or Steel 823.2 1,075.4 9.7 30.6

4 Footwear, Gaiters, Etc. 675.2 766.1 6.9 13.5

5 Furniture, Bedding, Lamps, Etc. 628.2 710.7 6.4 13.1

6 Toys, Games and Sports Equipment 589.9 689.7 6.2 16.9


8 Plastics and Plastic Articles 454.0 570.4 5.2 25.6

9 Iron and Steel 251.4 400.6 3.6 59.4

10 Rubber and Rubber Articles 163.9 188.8 1.7 15.2


All Other Commodities 1,995.1 2,360.2 21.3 18.3




#3: bRaZil – HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Brazil share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 800 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Brazil. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Brazilian subsidiaries, 50 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 129 subsidiary locations throughout Brazil. Conversely, eight Brazilian firms operate 11 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Brazil increased at a compound annual growth rate of 15.7 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District ("Houston") is the fifth busiest gateway for U.S-Brazilian trade.

• Brazil ranks third among Houston’s trading partners by value.

• Trade between Houston and Brazil increased 12.6 percent, from $13.9 billion in ’13 to $15.7 billion last year. A rise in the value of trade in mineral fuel, oils and waxes accounted for most of the increase, led by imports of crude oil from Brazil

• Exports to Brazil totaled $10.3 billion in ’14, compared to $9.7 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Brazil totaled $5.4 billion in ’14, compared to $4.2 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Brazilian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Brazil totaled $15.3 billion in ’14, an increase from $13.6 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the fifth busiest gateway for U.S.-Brazilian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Brazil totaled 6.1 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 5.4 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND BRAZIL

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

20

15

10

5

0


Imports Exports


#3: bRaZil – HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To bRaZil

$ value, Millions






5 Cereals 779.3 482.8 4.7 -38.1

6 Motor Vehicles and Parts 300.4 341.2 3.3 13.6

7 Inorganic Chemicals 248.3 223.7 2.2 -9.9

8 Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts 306.7 215.5 2.1 -29.8


10 Miscellaneous Chemical Products 270.9 209.4 2.0 -22.7


All Other Commodities 1,032.2 1,018.5 9.9 -1.3



iMPoRTs - bRaZil To HousTon

$ value, Millions






5 Articles of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica 150.4 158.8 3.0 5.6



8 Wood and Wood Articles 120.1 140.3 2.6 16.9

9 Iron and Steel 57.7 140.3 2.6 143.2







#4: veneZuela - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Venezuela share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 600 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Venezuela. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Venezuelan subsidiaries, 24 are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 58 subsidiary locations throughout Venezuela. Conversely, three Venezu-elan firms operate five subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Venezuela increased at a compound annual growth rate of 3.7 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District ("Houston") is the busiest gateway for U.S-Venezuelan trade.

• Venezuela ranks fourth among Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Venezuela totaled 12.9 billion in ’14, compared to 15.1 billion in ’13. A dip in the value of imports of crude oil from Venezuela accounted for most of the decline.

• Exports to Venezuela totaled $4.3 billion in ’14, compared to $5.1 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Venezuela totaled $8.6 billion in ’14, compared to $10.0 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Venezuelan waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Venezuela totaled $12.9 billion in ’14, compared to $15.0 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the second busiest gateway for U.S.-Venezuelan air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Venezuela totaled 565.1 thousand kilograms in ’14, an increase from 349.3 thousand kilograms in ’13.


TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND VENEZUELA

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

25

20

15

10

5

0

Imports Exports


#4: veneZuela - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To veneZuela

$ value, Millions



2 Industrial Equipment and Computers 1,050.2 841.0 19.5 -19.9

3 Organic Chemicals 1,022.5 489.8 11.4 -52.1



6 Cereals 70.6 141.6 3.3 100.6



9 Ships, Boats and Floating Structures 30.9 67.9 1.6 119.0

10 Optic, Photographic Measuring, Medical, Surgical Instruments 93.6 46.4 1.1 -50.5





iMPoRTs - veneZuela To HousTon

$ value, Millions



2 Organic Chemicals 205.1 198.1 2.3 -3.5

3 Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment and Parts 52.7 15.8 0.2 -70.1

4 Inorganic Chemicals 7.9 15.4 0.2 90.0

5 Fertilizers 30.5 10.3 0.1 -66.3


7 Aluminum and Aluminum Articles 1.7 2.7 0.0 54.1

8 Precious Stones, Metals, Coins, Pearls, Etc. 0.9 2.0 0.0 104.4

9 Industrial Equipment and Computers 2.9 1.6 0.0 -46.7







#5: ColoMbia - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Colombia share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 550 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Colombia. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Colombian subsidiaries, 25 are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 47 subsidiary locations throughout Colombia. Conversely, one Colombian firm operates one subsidiary location in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Colombia increased at a compound annual growth rate of 18.4 percent.


Total Trade (sea + air)

• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the busiest gateway for U.S-Colombian trade.

• Colombia ranks fifth among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Colombia increased fivefold since ’04. More recently, total trade decreased 6.2 percent in ’14 from $11.7 billion in ’13 to $11.0 billion last year. A dip in the value of crude oil imports to Houston, and exports to Colombia of industrial-grade vehicles accounted for most of the decrease.

• Exports to Colombia totaled $6.8 billion in ’14, compared to $6.5 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Colombia totaled $4.2 billion in ’14, compared to $5.2 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Colombian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Colombia totaled $10.9 billion in ’14, an increase from $11.7 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the sixth busiest gateway for U.S.-Colombian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Colombia totaled 523.8 thousand kilograms in ’14, compared to 461.0 thousand kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND COLOMBIA

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0


Imports Exports


#5: ColoMbia - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To ColoMbia

$ value, Millions




3 Industrial Machinery, Including Computers 581.4 537.1 7.9 -7.6

4 Plastics and Articles Thereof 396.8 438.2 6.5 10.4

5 Miscellaneous Chemical Products 155.2 201.7 3 30


7 Articles of Iron or Steel 188.1 137.9 2 -26.7

8 Motor Vehicles and Parts 255.5 92 1.4 -64

9 Cereals 100.9 74.9 1.1 -25.8

10 Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical and Surgical Instruments 57.3 47 0.7 -18



ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 6,508.4 6,762.0 100 3.9


iMPoRTs - ColoMbia To HousTon

$ value, Millions



2 Coffee, Tea, Mate and Spices 69.3 83.4 2.0 20.4





7 Edible Fruit and Nuts 28.1 18.0 0.4 -36.0


9 Industrial Machinery, Including Computers 8.6 15.8 0.4 82.9



All Other Commodities 28.2 51 1.2 80.8

ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 5,186.2 4,208.1 100 -18.9



#6: sauDi aRabia - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Saudi Arabia share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 1,100 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Saudi Arabia. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Saudi Arabian subsid-iaries, 29 are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 41 subsidiary locations throughout Saudi Arabia. Conversely, eight Saudi Arabian firms operate 11 subsidiary location in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Saudi Arabia increased at a compound annual growth rate of 7.7 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the second busiest gateway for U.S-Saudi Arabian trade.

• Saudi Arabia ranks sixth among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Saudi Arabia has doubled since ’04. More recently, total trade decreased 20.3 percent from $13.7 billion in ’13 to $10.9 billion last year. A decline in the value of imported crude oil to Houston caused the decrease, a result of strong domestic crude production. Crude oil typically accounts for 97 percent of Houston’s imports from Saudi Arabia.

• Exports to Saudi Arabia totaled $3.1 billion in ’14, compared to $2.8 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Saudi Arabia totaled $7.8 billion in ’14, compared to $10.9 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the third busiest gateway for U.S.-Saudi Arabian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Saudi Arabia totaled $10.2 billion in ’14, a decrease from $13.0 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the busiest gateway for U.S.-Saudi Arabian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Saudi Arabia totaled 12.3 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 11.9 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND SAUDI ARABIA

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0


Imports Exports


#6: sauDi aRabia - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To sauDi aRabia

$ value, Millions


1 Industrial Machinery, Including Computers 1,082.8 1,271.7 40.5 17.4



4 Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical and Surgical Instruments 256.8 214.9 6.9 -16.3



7 Plastics and Articles Thereof 126.2 104.0 3.3 -17.6

8 Arms and Ammunition 76.6 90.3 2.9 17.8

9 Metal Tools, Implements, Cutlery, Etc. 58.0 63.8 2.0 10.0

10 Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes 51.7 60.5 1.9 17.0

Total Top 10 Commodities 2,339.9 2,687.9 85.7 14.9%

All Other Commodities 484.1 448.6 14.3 -7.3%

ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 2,824.0 3,136.5 100.0 11.1%


iMPoRTs - sauDi aRabia To HousTon

$ value, Millions




3 Articles of Iron or Steel 104.9 69.9 0.9 -33.38


5 Aluminum and Aluminum Articles 0.0 4.7 0.1 N/A

6 Iron and Steel 2.9 2.0 0.0 -29.57

7 Articles of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica 1.6 1.0 0.0 -41.04



10 Base Metals and Articles 0.0 0.6 0.0 N/A

Total Top 10 Commodities 10,886.7 7,791.1 100.0 -28.4%

All Other Commodities 9.3 1.8 0.0 -80.6%




#7: GeRMany - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Germany share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 700 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Germany. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with German subsidiaries, 29 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 45 subsidiary locations throughout Germany. Conversely, 71 German firms operate 114 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Germany increased at a compound annual growth rate of 7.7 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District ("Houston") is the seventh busiest gateway for U.S-German trade.

• Germany ranks seventh among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Germany increased 10.9 percent in ’14, increasing from $8.9 billion in ’13 to $9.8 billion last year. Increased pharmaceutical exports to Germany, and imports of industrial equipment accounted for most of the increase.

• Exports to Germany totaled $2.1 billion in ’14, compared to $1.9 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Germany totaled $7.7 billion in ’14, compared to $6.9 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the fourth busiest gateway for U.S.-German waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Germany totaled $8.2 billion in ’14, an increase from $7.4 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the tenth busiest gateway for U.S.-German air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Germany totaled 17.3 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 14.6 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND GERMANY

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

12

10

8

6

4

2

0


Imports Exports


#7: GeRMany - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To GeRMany

$ value, Millions


1 Pharmaceutical Products 7.8 351.1 16.4 4,418.4








9 Optic, Photographic, Medical, Surgical Instruments 118.9 95.9 4.5 -19.4






iMPoRTs - GeRMany To HousTon

$ value, Millions


1 Motor Vehicles and Parts 2,648.1 2,494.9 32.4 -5.8





6 Optic, Photographic Measuring, Medical, Surgical Instruments 292.3 262.8 3.4 -10.1



9 Iron and Steel 111.3 167.7 2.2 50.7

10 Precious Stones, Metals, Coins, Pearls, Etc. 2.6 132.6 1.7 4,983.5






#8: neTHeRlanDs - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and the Netherlands share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 600 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with the Netherlands. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Dutch subsidiaries, 35 are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 54 subsidiary locations throughout the Netherlands. Conversely, 34 Dutch firms operate 81 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and the Nether-lands increased at a compound annual growth rate of 10.3 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District ("Houston") is the second busiest gateway for U.S-Dutch trade.

• The Netherlands ranks eighth among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and the Netherlands has nearly tripled since ’04, but has decreased over the past three years. Most recently from ’13 to ’14, trade dropped from $9.7 billion in ‘13 to $9.1 billion last year. Reduced petroleum exports, led by light fuel oils, to the Netherlands accounted for most of the dip.

• Exports to the Netherlands totaled $7.3 billion in ’14, compared to $8.2 billion in ’13.

• Imports from the Netherlands totaled $1.8 billion in ’14, compared to $1.5 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Dutch waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and the Netherlands totaled $7.5 billion in ’14, a slight decrease from $8.2 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the fourth busiest gateway for U.S.-Dutch air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and the Netherlands totaled 174.4 million kilograms in ’14, an increase from 159.0 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND THE NETHERLANDS

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

12

10

8

6

4

2

02004


Imports Exports


#8: neTHeRlanDs - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To THe neTHeRlanDs

$ value, Millions



2 Organic Chemicals 1,125.6 1,293.4 17.7 14.9




6 Ores, Slag And Ash 187.6 203.1 2.8 8.3


8 Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical and Surgical Instruments 167.5 181.9 2.5 8.6







iMPoRTs - THe neTHeRlanDs To HousTon

$ value, Millions





4 Beverages, Spirits And Vinegar 97.0 96.9 5.5 -0.1




8 Iron And Steel 51.1 55.6 3.2 8.7








#9: souTH KoRea - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and South Korea ("Korea") share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 450 Houston compa-nies reporting business or trade ties with Korea. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Korean subsidiaries, nine are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 28 subsidiary locations throughout Korea. Conversely, 14 Korean firms operate 14 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Korea increased at a compound annual growth rate of 9.8 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the sixth busiest gateway for U.S-Korean trade.

• Korea ranks ninth among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Korea has nearly tripled since ’04, and experienced a rise of 32.5 percent in ’14, increasing from $6.3 billion in ’13 to $8.4 billion last year. A rise in the value of trade in iron and steel, and organic chemical imports to Houston, combined with exports of industrial equipment, and petroleum products to Korea accounted for most of the increase.

• Exports to Korea totaled $3.7 billion in ’14, compared to $2.8 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Korea totaled $4.6 billion in ’14, compared to $3.5 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the third busiest gateway for U.S.-Korean waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Korea totaled $8.2 billion in ’14, an increase from $6.2 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the 10th busiest gateway for U.S.-Korean air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Korea totaled 3.2 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 2.5 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND SOUTH KOREA

20052004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0


Imports Exports


#9: souTH KoRea - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To souTH KoRea

$ value, Millions



2 Industrial Equipment and Computers 791.6 1,192.5 31.9 50.7







9 Optic, Photographic Measuring, Medical, Surgical Instruments 14.3 28.9 0.8 102.3






iMPoRTs - souTH KoRea To HousTon

$ value, Millions


1 Articles of Iron or Steel 1,555.6 2,073.0 44.9 33.3




5 Iron and Steel 146.1 267.5 5.8 83.1



8 Paper and Paperboard Articles 12.4 59.7 1.3 380.2








#10: Russia - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Russia share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 500 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Russia. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Russian subsidiaries, 32 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 74 subsidiary locations throughout Russia. Conversely, nine Russian firms operate 19 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Russia increased at a compound annual growth rate of 10.8 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Russian trade.

• Russia ranks 10th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Russia has nearly tripled since ’04, but experienced a recent decline from $9.5 billion in ’12, to $8.3 billion in ’13, then to $6.8 billion last year. A decrease in the value of petroleum imports to Houston accounted for most of the dip ’13 -‘14.

• Exports to Russia totaled $1.5 billion in ’14, compared to $1.7 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Russia totaled $5.3 billion in ’14, compared to $6.5 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Russian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Russia totaled $6.6 billion in ’14, compared to $8.1 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the fourth busiest gateway for U.S.-Russian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Russia totaled 2.7 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 2.1 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND RUSSIA

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

12

10

8

6

4

2

02004


Imports Exports


#10: Russia - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To Russia

$ value, Millions





4 Motor Vehicles and Parts 93.3 77.1 5.3 -17.3





9 Essential Oils, Perfumery, Cosmetic Preps 55.4 28.8 2.0 -48.1

10 Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals 72.6 28.7 2.0 -60.4





iMPoRTs - Russia To HousTon

$ value, Millions



2 Iron and Steel 91.8 366.7 6.9 299.7


4 Aluminum and Aluminum Articles 203.3 159.9 3.0 -21.4

5 Fertilizers 91.6 64.4 1.2 -29.6



8 Ores, Slag and Ash 0.7 16.2 0.3 2,125.2


10 Arms and Ammunition 8.5 13.0 0.2 53.4






#11: uniTeD KinGDoM - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and the United Kingdom (U.K.) share extensive business and cultural connections with more than 1,100 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with the United Kingdom. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with British subsidiaries, 99 are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 278 subsidiary locations throughout the United Kingdom. Conversely, 133 British firms operate 229 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and the U.K. increased at a compound annual growth rate of 5.7 percent.



• The Houston/Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the fourth busiest gateway for U.S.-British trade.

• The U.K. ranks 11th among all of Houston's trading partners.

• Total annual trade between Houston and the U.K. increased 15.0 percent, from $5.5 billion in ’13 to $6.4 billion in ’14. An increase in the value of trade in petroleum products, and vehicle exports to the U.K., and an increase in industrial machinery imports to Houston, accounted for the most of the increase.

• Exports to the U.K. totaled $3.3 billion in ’14, compared to $2.9 billion in ’13.

• Imports from the U.K. totaled $3.0 billion in ’14, compared to $2.6 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the second busiest gateway for U.S.-British waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and the U.K. totaled $4.8 billion in ’14, up from $4.1 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the seventh busiest gateway for U.S.-British air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and the U.K. totaled 21.3 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 19.9 million kilograms in ’13.


TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND THE U.K.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

02004

Imports Exports


#11: uniTeD KinGDoM - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To THe u.K.

$ value, Millions


1 Mineral Fuel, Refined Products, Oils and Waxes 626.4 923.5 27.8 47.4

2 Industrial Equpment and Computers 786.6 820.9 24.7 4.4



5 Aircraft, Spacecraft, and Parts Thereof 150.7 151.0 4.5 0.2

6 Ores, Slag and Ash 18.0 106.9 3.2 492.8





Total Top 10 Commodities 2,328.9 2,744.0 82.6 17.8%

All Other Commodities 569.5 576.6 17.4 1.2%

ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 2,898.4 3,320.6 100.0 14.6%


iMPoRTs – THe u.K. To HousTon

$ value, Millions



2 Mineral Fuel, Refined Products, Oils and Waxes 252.9 430.9 14.1 70.4


4 Special Import Reporting Provisions, NESOI 129.2 174.8 5.7 35.3





9 Iron and Steel 60.0 122.2 4.0 103.8

10 Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar 130.3 116.7 3.8 -10.4






#12: KuWaiT – HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Kuwait share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 350 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Kuwait. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Kuwaiti subsidiaries, 10 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 11 subsidiary locations throughout Kuwait. Conversely, at least one Kuwaiti firm operates a subsidiary location in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Kuwait increased at a compound annual growth rate of 13.4 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the busiest gateway for U.S-Kuwaiti trade.

• Kuwait ranks 12th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Kuwait has more than tripled since ’04. More recently, total trade increased 13.6 percent from $5.2 billion in ’13 to $5.8 billion last year. An increase in the value of imported crude oil to Houston was responsible for the rise in trade. Crude oil typically accounts for more than 98 percent of Houston’s imports from Kuwait.

• Exports to Kuwait totaled $312.9 million in ’14, compared to $317.1 million in ’13.

• Imports from Kuwait totaled $5.5 billion in ’14, compared to $4.8 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Kuwaiti waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Kuwait totaled $5.8 billion in ’14, an increase from $5.1 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the fourth busiest gateway for U.S.-Kuwaiti air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Kuwait totaled 1.598 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 1.626 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND KUWAIT

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

02004


Imports Exports


#12: KuWaiT – HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To KuWaiT

$ value, Millions








7 Plastics and Articles Thereof 17.9 11.9 3.8 -33.8




Total top 10 263.4 256.0 81.8 -2.8


ToTal all CoMMoDiTies 317.1 312.9 100.0 -1.32


iMPoRTs - KuWaiT To HousTon

$ value, Millions



2 Fertilizers 44.5 45.9 0.8 3.1


4 Miscellaneous Chemical Products 0.0 4.5 0.1 31,975.8

5 Articles of Iron or Steel 0.0 0.2 0.0 ---






#13: CanaDa - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Canada share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 1,100 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Canada. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Canadian subsidiaries, are 90 headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 758 subsidiary locations throughout Canada. Conversely, 68 Canadian firms operate 105 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Canada increased at a compound annual growth rate of 24.4 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the 17th busiest gateway for U.S.-Canadian trade.

• Canada ranks 13th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Canada has increased eightfold since ’04, rising year-over-year during the last five years. Total trade in ’13 was $3.2 billion, then to $5.8 billion last year. A rise in the value crude oil exports accounted for most of the increase from ’13 to ’14.

• Exports to Canada totaled $5.3 billion in ’14, compared to $2.8 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Canada totaled $480.8 million in ’14, compared to $461.8 million in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Canadian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Canada totaled $5.6 billion in ’14, compared to $3.1 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the 20th busiest gateway for U.S.-Canadian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Canada totaled 702.7 thousand kilograms in ’14, compared to 967.1 thousand kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND CANADA

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0


Imports Exports


#13: CanaDa - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To CanaDa

$ value, Millions






5 Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar 0.0 38.2 0.7 Infinity


7 Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals 3.6 8.1 0.2 124.6



10 Fertilizers 0.0 1.9 0.0 Infinity





iMPoRTs - CanaDa To HousTon

$ value, Millions











10 Aircraft, Spacecraft and Parts Thereof 9.4 0.7 0.1 -92.8

Total Top 10 Commodities 454.5 477.9 99.4 5.1


ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 461.8 480.8 100.0 4.1



#14: JaPan – HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Japan share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 600 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Japan. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Japanese subsidiaries, 13 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 21 subsidiary locations throughout Japan. Conversely, 98 Japanese firms operate 143 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Japan increased at a compound annual growth rate of 13.1 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the 11th busiest gateway for U.S.-Japanese trade.

• Japan ranks 14th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Japan has more than tripled since ’04, rising year-over-year since ’09, and increasing from $5.0 billion in ’13 to $5.2 billion last year. A rise in the value of trade in organic chemical and propane exports to Japan accounted for most of the increase.

• Exports to Japan totaled $2.6 billion in ’14, an increase over $2.2 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Japan totaled $2.6 billion in ’14, compared to $2.7 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the 11th busiest gateway for U.S.-Japanese waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Japan totaled $4.9 billion in ’14, compared to $4.6 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the 13th busiest gateway for U.S.-Japanese air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Japan totaled 4.1 million kilograms in ’14, an increase over 4.0 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND JAPAN

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

6

5

4

3

2

1

0


Imports Exports


#14: JaPan – HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To JaPan

$ value, Millions


1 Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes 961.4 1,162.2 45.0 20.9

2 Organic Chemicals 960.1 1,158.7 44.8 20.7





7 Books, Newspapers, Magazines, Etc. 50.8 27.2 1.1 -46.6


9 Soaps, Waxes, Polishes, Candles, Dental Preps 14.8 15.4 0.6 3.6

10 Fertilizers 15.6 10.4 0.4 -33.4





iMPoRTs - JaPan To HousTon

$ value, Millions







6 Iron and Steel 107.3 124.4 4.8 16.0










#15: belGiuM - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Belgium share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 400 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Belgium. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Belgian subsidiaries, 14 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 22 subsidiary locations throughout Belgium. Conversely, 10 Belgian firms operate 14 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Belgium increased at a compound annual growth rate of 6.8 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the second busiest gateway for U.S.-Belgian trade.

• Belgium ranks 15th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Belgium has nearly doubled since ’04, but experienced a marginal decline of 2.0 percent in ’14, decreasing from $5.0 billion in ’13 to $4.9 billion last year. Declines in the value of trade in light fuel oil exports to Belgium accounted for most of the dip.

• Exports to Belgium totaled $3.5 billion in ’14, compared to $3.6 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Belgium totaled $1.3 billion in ’14, nearly unchanged from $1.3 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Belgian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Belgium totaled $4.7 billion in ’14, compared to $4.9 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the sixth busiest gateway for U.S.-Belgian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Belgium totaled 5.0 million kilograms in ’14, representing a significant increased from 1.9 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND BELGIUM

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

6

5

4

3

2

1

0


Imports Exports


#15: belGiuM - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To belGiuM

$ value, Millions










9 Ores, Slag and Ash 0.6 67.0 1.9 9,939.7

10 Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals 44.9 45.4 1.3 1.2





iMPoRTs - belGiuM To HousTon

$ value, Millions






5 Iron and Steel 44.8 68.5 5.1 52.9





10 Works of Art, Collectors Pieces and Antiques 4.0 13.0 1.0 222.9






#16: inDia – HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and India share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 700 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with India. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Indian subsidiaries, 36 are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 79 subsidiary locations throughout India. Conversely, 18 Indian firms operate 26 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and India increased at a compound annual growth rate of 15.3 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District ("Houston") is the third busiest gateway for U.S.-Indian trade.

• India ranks 16th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and India has more than quadrupled since ’04, but experienced a dip in ’14, dropping from $5.2 billion in ’13 to $4.7 billion last year. A drop in gums, resins and other vegetable extracts imports accounted for most of the dip.

• Exports to India totaled $1.5 billion in ’14, compared to $1.7 billion in ’13.

• Imports from India totaled $3.2 billion in ’14, compared to $3.5 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the second busiest gateway for U.S.-Indian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and India totaled $4.4 billion ’14, compared to $4.9 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the fifth busiest gateway for U.S.-Indian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and India totaled 10.4 million kilograms in ’14, compared to 7.9 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND INDIA

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

02004


Imports Exports


#16: inDia – HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To inDia

$ value, Millions









8 Electric Machinery, Equipment and Parts 63.8 59.8 3.9 -5.9

9 Iron and Steel 67.0 44.4 2.9 -33.8

10 Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical, Surgical Instruments 67.9 41.0 2.7 -39.7





iMPoRTs - inDia To HousTon

$ value, Millions


1 Gums, Resins and Vegetable Extracts 1,453.7 1,042.8 32.5 -28.3





6 Iron and Steel 70.4 188.7 5.9 168.0

7 Linens, Needlecraft Sets, Worn Clothing, Etc. 114.1 119.2 3.7 4.5

8 Vehicles, Except Railway or Tramway 49.3 59.3 1.8 20.3

9 Edible Vegetables, Roots, Tubers 64.2 42.6 1.3 -33.6

10 Articles of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica 31.9 38.3 1.2 20.0






#17: CHile – HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Chile share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 500 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Chile. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Chilean subsidiaries, nine are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 11 subsidiary locations throughout Chile. Conversely, at least one Chilean firm operates a subsidiary location in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Chile increased at a compound annual growth rate of 13.0 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the second busiest gateway for U.S.-Chilean trade.

• Chile ranks 17th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Chile more than tripled since ’04, but has experienced declines since its peak in ‘12, decreasing from $5.9 billion in ’12 to $4.4 billion in ‘14. Declines in exports of petroleum products led by light fuel oils and industrial equipment to Chile accounted for most of the dip.

• Exports to Chile totaled $4.0 billion in ’14, compared to $4.7 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Chile totaled $379.4 million in ’14, an increase from $331.1 million in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Chilean waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Chile totaled $4.4 billion in ’14, compared to $5.0 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the 10th busiest gateway for U.S.-Chilean air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Chile totaled 341.9 thousand kilograms in ’14, an increase from 153.4 thousand kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND CHILE

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0


Imports Exports


#17: CHile – HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To CHile

$ value, Millions









8 Meat and Edible Meat By-Products 46.6 66.9 1.7 43.7







iMPoRTs - CHile To HousTon

$ value, Millions





4 Copper and Copper Articles 57.0 37.3 9.8 -34.6

5 Edible Fruit and Nuts 16.6 19.8 5.2 19.6




9 Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar 18.3 17.0 4.5 -7.1

10 Organic Chemicals 0.0 13.7 3.6 N/A

Total Top 10 Commodities 293.6 321.0 84.6 9.3


ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 331.1 379.4 100.0 14.6



#18: iTaly – HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Italy share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 600 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Italy. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Italian subsidiaries, 13 are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 21 subsidiary locations throughout Italy. Conversely, 15 Italian firms operate 18 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Italy increased at a compound annual growth rate of 6.6 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the fourth busiest gateway for U.S.-Italian trade.

• Italy ranks 18th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Italy has nearly doubled since ’04, with consistent growth since ’10 except for a slight dip in ’13. Trade grew from $3.3 billion in ’13, to $4.3 billion last year. A rise in the value of trade in industrial machinery imports to Houston, and electric machinery exports to Italy, accounted for most of the increase.

• Exports to Italy totaled $1.4 billion in ’14, an increase over $1.0 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Italy totaled $2.9 billion in ’14, an increase over $2.3 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the second busiest gateway for U.S.-Italian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Italy totaled $4.0 billion in ’14, an increase over $3.0 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the seventh busiest gateway for U.S.-Italian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Italy totaled 8.1 million kilograms in ’14, an increase over 7.6 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND ITALY

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

5

4

3

2

1

0


Imports Exports


#18: iTaly – HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To iTaly

$ value, Millions






5 Raw Hides, Skins and Leather 55.3 71.3 5.0 28.9


7 Cereals 70.8 57.9 4.1 -18.3




Total Top 10 Commodities 857.4 1,291.9 91.4 50.7




iMPoRTs - iTaly To HousTon

$ value, Millions


1 Industrial Equipment and Computers 713.4 1,131.9 38.6 58.7


3 Iron and Steel 95.5 143.2 4.9 49.9






9 Ceramic Products 50.0 60.6 2.1 21.0

10 Articles of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica 60.9 56.7 1.9 -6.9






#19: fRanCe - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and France share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 700 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with France. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with French subsidiaries, 29 are headquar-tered in Houston collectively operating 65 subsidiary locations throughout France. Conversely, 58 French firms operate 112 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and France increased at a compound annual growth rate of 8.0 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the fifth busiest gateway for U.S.-French trade.

• France ranks 19th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and France has more than doubled since ’04, but experienced a recent dip, from $5.2 billion in ’12, to $4.8 billion in ’13, then to $4.3 billion last year. A dip in the value of trade in light fuel oil exports to France accounted for most of the decline.

• Exports to France totaled $2.2 billion in ’14, compared to $2.7 billion in ’13.

• Imports from France totaled $2.1 billion in ’14, an increase over $2.0 billion in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the second busiest gateway for U.S.-French waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and France totaled $3.7 billion in ’14, compared to $4.1 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the tenth busiest gateway for U.S.-French air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and France totaled 7.1 million kilograms in ’14, an increase over 6.3 million kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND FRANCE

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

6

5

4

3

2

1

0


Imports Exports


#19: fRanCe - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To fRanCe

$ value, Millions




3 Aircraft, Spacecraft and Parts Thereof 176.8 123.8 5.7 -30.0






9 Ships, Boats and Floating Structures 12.4 30.5 1.4 145.7






iMPoRTs - fRanCe To HousTon

$ value, Millions





4 Iron and Steel 101.5 163.3 7.7 60.9












#20: eCuaDoR - HousTon TRaDe Ties

Overview

Houston and Ecuador share extensive business, trade and cultural ties, with more than 350 Houston companies reporting business or trade ties with Ecuador. Of the firms in the Houston region affiliated with Ecuadorian subsidiaries, 15 are headquartered in Houston collectively operating 21 subsidiary locations throughout Ecuador. Conversely, at least one Ecuadorian firm operates a subsidiary location in the Houston area. From ’04 to ’14, trade between Houston and Ecuador increased at a compound annual growth rate of 15.5 percent.



• The Houston-Galveston Customs District (“Houston”) is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Ecuadorian trade.

• Ecuador ranks 20th among all of Houston’s trading partners.

• Trade between Houston and Ecuador has more than quadrupled since ’04, and experienced a rise of 23.4 percent in ’14, increasing from $3.4 billion in ’13 to $4.2 billion last year. A rise in the value of trade in refined petroleum product exports to Ecuador accounted for most of the increase.

• Exports to Ecuador totaled $3.3 billion in ’14, an increase from $2.4 billion in ’13.

• Imports from Ecuador totaled $917.6 million in ’14, compared to $979.7 million in ’13.

seaborne Trade

• Houston is the busiest gateway for U.S.-Ecuadorian waterborne trade (by value).

• Waterborne trade between Houston and Ecuador totaled $4.2 billion in ’14, an increase from $3.4 billion in ’13.

air Cargo Trade

• Houston ranks as the fifth busiest gateway for U.S.-Ecuadorian air cargo trade (by weight).

• Air cargo trade between Houston and Ecuador totaled 207.8 thousand kilograms in ’14, compared to 215.0 thousand kilograms in ’13.

TOTAL TRADE, $ VALUE, HOUSTON AND ECUADOR

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

$ B

ILL

ION

S

5

4

3

2

1

0


Imports Exports


#20: eCuaDoR - HousTon TRaDe Ties

exPoRTs - HousTon To eCuaDoR

$ value, Millions







6 Ships, Boats and Floating Structures 0.0 42.9 1.3 N/A



9 Cereals 1.5 29.2 0.9 N/A

10 Cotton Yarn and Woven Fabric 24.3 13.3 0.4 -45.4





iMPoRTs - eCuaDoR To HousTon

$ value, Millions



2 Fish, Crustaceans and Aquatic Invertebrates 20.2 42.7 4.7 111.1

3 Edible Preps of Meat, Fish, Crustaceans, Etc. 17.8 24.0 2.6 34.7



6 Edible Fruit and Nuts 6.3 9.9 1.1 57.4

7 Miscellaneous Edible Preps 0.0 3.2 0.3 N/A



10 Edible Vegetables, Roots, Tubers 0.4 1.3 0.1 256.8

Total Top 10 Commodities 976.3 913.3 99.5 -6.5


ToTal - all CoMMoDiTies 979.7 917.6 100.0 -6.3



HousTon TRaDe - CoMMoDiTies RanKeD by value of TRaDe - 2014

Rank Commodity Descriptionannual '12

$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

ToTal all CoMMoDiTies 274,263,854,223 251,855,392,889 253,289,539,625 -8.2 0.6

1 Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes

133,730,658,795 118,064,926,559 111,111,510,624 -11.7 -5.9

2 Industrial Equipment and Computers 28,973,564,635 28,456,235,862 31,411,627,733 -1.8 10.4

3 Organic Chemicals 21,444,670,950 22,112,174,937 21,983,784,189 3.1 -0.6

4 Articles of Iron or Steel 12,475,787,540 10,531,170,140 12,290,666,986 -15.6 16.7

5 Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts

12,342,753,249 10,471,823,594 11,100,681,168 -15.2 6.0

6 Plastics and Plastic Articles 8,326,612,373 8,981,946,756 8,882,753,160 7.9 -1.1

7 Motor Vehicles and Parts 8,698,181,133 7,376,321,381 7,460,257,863 -15.2 1.1

8 Miscellaneous Chemical Products 4,219,232,558 4,398,872,566 4,463,867,758 4.3 1.5

9 Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical and Surgical Instruments

3,879,053,411 3,719,567,684 3,726,211,044 -4.1 0.2

10 Iron and Steel 3,359,271,760 2,539,484,094 3,720,680,767 -24.4 46.5

11 Cereals 2,069,865,119 2,817,625,331 3,261,105,939 36.1 15.7

12 Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar 2,361,896,801 2,083,870,305 2,547,225,886 -11.8 22.2

13 Rubber and Rubber Articles 2,411,206,925 2,316,225,594 2,326,750,058 -3.9 0.5

14 Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals

2,254,203,405 2,334,746,658 2,258,206,929 3.6 -3.3

15 Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment and Parts

1,304,394,819 1,521,512,509 1,783,456,726 16.7 17.2

16 Aircraft, Spacecraft and Parts Thereof 1,568,446,147 1,552,774,805 1,523,029,695 -1.0 -1.9

17 Furniture, Bedding, Lamps, Etc. 1,121,875,080 1,225,219,305 1,388,228,565 9.2 13.3

18 Gums, Resins and Vegetable Extracts 3,329,487,514 1,530,675,271 1,124,263,308 -54.0 -26.6

19 Pharmaceutical Products 483,163,293 529,031,574 961,217,361 9.5 81.7

20 Essential Oils, Perfumery, Cosmetic Preps 806,453,905 799,613,435 907,195,083 -0.9 13.5

21 Toys, Games and Sports Equipment 739,704,279 751,947,169 864,785,628 1.7 15.0

22 Footwear, Gaiters, Etc. 655,170,986 751,022,602 862,599,061 14.6 14.9

23 Meat and Edible Meat By-Products 1,020,332,555 738,374,478 844,332,066 -27.6 14.4

24 Soaps, Waxes, Polishes, Candles, Dental Preps

653,147,572 696,105,677 791,071,738 6.6 13.6

25 Metal Tools, Implements, Cutlery, Etc. 718,640,409 736,452,780 755,610,035 2.5 2.6




$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

26 Ores, Slag and Ash 569,814,343 532,534,654 712,060,623 -6.5 33.7

27 Aluminum and Aluminum Articles 827,300,292 785,029,078 698,374,124 -5.1 -11.0

28 Edible Fruit and Nuts 622,357,230 629,331,565 678,677,680 1.1 7.8

29 Linens, Needlecraft Sets, Worn Clothing, Etc.

635,841,103 652,448,364 677,739,428 2.6 3.9

30 Fertilizers 635,520,377 578,757,400 590,949,645 -8.9 2.1

31 Articles of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica

495,310,860 593,645,605 577,278,677 19.9 -2.8

32 Wood and Wood Articles 431,522,618 473,691,970 569,641,511 9.8 20.3

33 Cotton Yarn and Woven Fabric 353,413,342 453,583,930 506,812,968 28.3 11.7

34 Paper and Paperboard Articles 479,756,338 440,164,098 504,689,311 -8.3 14.7

35 Knitted or Crocheted Apparel and Accessories

478,947,063 493,343,024 495,916,921 3.0 0.5

36 Copper and Copper Articles 591,900,410 478,226,103 443,500,199 -19.2 -7.3

37 Ships, Boats and Floating Structures 1,435,631,019 668,758,949 431,673,873 -53.4 -35.5

38 Salt, Sulfur, Stone, Lime and Cement Plaster

359,451,133 321,687,526 418,680,935 -10.5 30.2

39 Non-Knitted Apparel and Accessories 339,814,103 337,760,585 403,929,599 -0.6 19.6

40 Coffee, Tea and Spices 416,595,659 327,340,532 399,895,584 -21.4 22.2

41 Precious Stones, Metals, Coins, Pearls, Etc.

367,455,126 335,850,483 396,152,098 -8.6 18.0

42 Fish, Crustaceans and Aquatic Invertebrates

264,249,137 296,110,077 394,426,976 12.1 33.2

43 Oil Grain, Seed, Fruit and Plant Seeds 481,844,412 713,471,598 388,863,050 48.1 -45.5

44 Animal or Vegetable Fats, Oils and Waxes

643,731,934 617,081,520 368,158,865 -4.1 -40.3

45 Miscellaneous Edible Preps 260,857,968 282,856,872 347,285,696 8.4 22.8

46 Railway or Tramway Stock, Etc. 272,319,322 309,975,055 309,883,907 13.8 0.0

47 Arms and Ammunition 294,459,216 315,241,528 297,238,149 7.1 -5.7

48 Ceramic Products 325,936,544 268,063,367 288,767,466 -17.8 7.7

49 Miscellaneous Articles of Base Metal 262,380,211 246,032,042 271,457,876 -6.2 10.3

50 Tanning Extracts, Dyes, Paints, Inks, Etc. 225,431,079 240,994,859 254,863,556 6.9 5.8



$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

51 Glass and Glassware 213,919,999 221,265,004 250,668,890 3.4 13.3

52 Vegetable, Fruit, Nut Preps 206,256,932 218,732,232 214,458,056 6.1 -2.0

53 Edible Vegetables, Roots, Tubers 308,232,627 254,628,347 203,895,105 -17.4 -19.9

54 Nickel and Nickel Articles 192,741,016 147,121,661 177,807,863 -23.7 20.9

55 Edible Preps of Meat, Fish, Crustaceans, Etc.

143,295,681 146,632,964 169,570,354 2.3 15.6

56 Dairy Products, Eggs, Honey, Etc. 164,208,685 208,159,677 162,737,490 26.8 -21.8

57 Raw Hides, Skins and Leather 65,351,637 98,485,542 153,747,346 50.7 56.1

58 Food Industry Residues, Animal Feeds 108,501,546 144,924,233 152,873,102 33.6 5.5

59 Modified Starches, Glues, Enzymes 123,985,645 137,712,942 148,681,273 11.1 8.0

60 Leather Items, Saddlery, Handbags, Etc. 106,832,380 134,983,909 147,907,133 26.4 9.6

61 Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Matches, Etc. 89,534,000 95,494,247 131,513,328 6.7 37.7

62 Cereal, Flour and Milk Preps, Bakers Wares

127,240,951 142,034,080 130,040,559 11.6 -8.4

63 Works of Art, Collectors Pieces and Antiques

68,870,577 116,337,649 122,720,395 68.9 5.5

64 Books, Newspapers, Magazines, Etc. 142,623,306 148,206,046 111,460,996 3.9 -24.8

65 Impregnated Text Fabrics For Industry 57,964,052 80,135,143 98,478,966 38.3 22.9

66 Base Metals and Articles 138,211,154 105,836,697 96,673,082 -23.4 -8.7

67 Wood Pulp, Paper and Paperboard Waste 68,095,203 79,580,482 86,315,372 16.9 8.5

68 Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles 86,999,446 89,784,058 85,760,137 3.2 -4.5

69 Sugars and Sugar Confectionary 92,990,165 72,172,466 77,385,198 -22.4 7.2

70 Wadding, Felt, Yarn, Twine, Ropes, Etc. 62,874,505 72,616,222 77,111,305 15.5 6.2

71 Manmade Fibers, Yarns, Woven Fabrics 23,755,320 53,657,133 71,750,914 125.9 33.7

72 Miscellaneous Products of Animal Origin 39,614,621 44,138,299 71,058,386 11.4 61.0

73 Carpets and Other Textile Floor Coverings

37,379,161 46,759,615 57,087,359 25.1 22.1

74 Zinc and Zinc Articles 48,785,238 67,750,661 54,608,669 38.9 -19.4

75 Milling Products, Malt, Starch, Etc. 48,070,079 61,806,351 53,972,941 28.6 -12.7




$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

76 Photographic or Cinematographic Goods 38,749,159 49,880,732 52,461,641 28.7 5.2

77 Musical Instruments and Parts 63,438,846 58,874,503 44,994,784 -7.2 -23.6

78 Cocoa and Cocoa Preps 31,212,779 35,471,621 41,852,055 13.6 18.0

79 Manmade Fliaments and Woven Fabrics 26,904,640 30,597,813 40,088,558 13.7 31.0

80 Lead and Lead Articles 29,582,240 29,857,536 38,418,061 0.9 28.7

81 Live Animals 146,898,603 96,597,726 32,346,694 -34.2 -66.5

82 Knitted or Crocheted Fabrics 24,115,286 21,348,082 30,488,045 -11.5 42.8

83 Headgear and Parts 25,575,481 25,145,546 24,453,727 -1.7 -2.8

84 Specialty Fabrics, Lace, Tapestries, Etc. 12,584,067 11,315,820 14,746,356 -10.1 30.3

85 Cork and Cork Articles 5,691,138 3,283,654 13,228,714 -42.3 302.9

86 Feathers, Down, Artificial Flowers, Etc. 12,141,402 12,902,371 12,230,027 6.3 -5.2

87 Umbrellas, Walking-Sticks, Riding-Crops, Etc.

15,439,922 14,325,407 11,221,196 -7.2 -21.7

88 Clocks, Watches and Parts 15,564,855 16,014,783 11,178,180 2.9 -30.2

89 Miscellaneous Vegetable Materials and Products

6,049,068 10,745,937 7,652,731 77.7 -28.8

90 Baskets, Wickerware and Straw Products 6,218,030 6,179,248 6,451,619 -0.6 4.4

91 Tobacco and Tobacco Substitutes 2,247,788 2,002,105 6,288,463 -10.9 214.1

92 Wool, Animal Hair, Yarn and Woven Fabric

5,268,239 3,905,831 4,579,445 -25.9 17.3

93 Miscellaneous Vegetable and Paper Textile Fibers

1,295,637 1,814,038 3,190,251 40.0 75.9

94 Furskins and Artificial Fur 4,028,747 2,769,350 3,093,497 -31.3 11.7

95 Live Trees, Plants, Bulbs, Cut Flowers, Etc.

3,238,290 2,929,728 2,852,956 -9.5 -2.6

96 Tin and Tin Articles 1,368,478 648,162 1,255,314 -52.6 93.7

97 Silk, Including Yarns and Woven Fabric 291,550 125,386 145,005 -57.0 15.7

Source: WISER LLC



HousTon Global TRaDe PaRTneRs - value of TRaDe - 2014

Rank Countryannual '12

$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

ToTal all CounTRies 274,263,854,223 251,855,392,889 253,289,539,625 -8.2 0.6

1 Mexico 30,594,161,233 28,380,704,850 28,781,254,559 -7.2 1.4

2 China 12,853,859,083 13,601,042,436 16,592,735,477 5.8 22.0

3 Brazil 14,632,320,956 13,904,863,028 15,660,331,957 -5.0 12.6

4 Venezuela 21,099,228,616 15,065,685,744 12,925,399,558 -28.6 -14.2

5 Colombia 11,444,551,964 11,694,585,690 10,970,044,911 2.2 -6.2

6 Saudi Arabia 15,446,877,683 13,719,960,691 10,929,369,259 -11.2 -20.3

7 Germany 8,970,198,140 8,875,710,283 9,841,826,733 -1.1 10.9

8 Netherlands 9,716,537,457 9,655,180,643 9,060,391,981 -0.6 -6.2

9 Korea, Republic Of 5,934,844,448 6,313,169,008 8,362,124,251 6.4 32.5

10 Russia 9,524,726,069 8,284,928,222 6,809,032,882 -13.0 -17.8

11 United Kingdom 6,611,190,992 5,538,283,639 6,368,870,466 -16.2 15.0

12 Kuwait 4,242,191,759 5,151,477,263 5,852,573,102 21.4 13.6

13 Canada 2,105,170,112 3,240,047,896 5,765,496,361 53.9 77.9

14 Japan 4,913,876,873 4,984,792,640 5,199,611,392 1.4 4.3

15 Belgium 4,308,373,771 4,956,746,733 4,857,012,906 15.1 -2.0

16 India 7,516,319,491 5,175,841,751 4,748,658,351 -31.1 -8.3

17 Chile 5,866,657,999 4,989,186,404 4,362,358,535 -15.0 -12.6

18 Italy 3,614,832,617 3,319,926,389 4,345,472,206 -8.2 30.9

19 France 5,247,062,401 4,748,558,423 4,298,232,833 -9.5 -9.5

20 Ecuador 3,131,502,634 3,413,218,291 4,212,749,179 9.0 23.4

21 Costa Rica 4,717,862,794 4,386,244,322 4,068,651,005 -7.0 -7.2

22 Argentina 3,343,623,992 3,504,206,125 3,712,900,404 4.8 6.0

23 Singapore 4,685,971,944 3,735,596,657 3,391,103,165 -20.3 -9.2

24 Iraq 7,840,317,394 5,116,394,997 3,293,891,393 -34.7 -35.6

25 Turkey 2,956,131,696 2,748,141,960 2,824,168,871 -7.0 2.8

26 Panama 2,365,695,454 2,259,263,101 2,818,686,042 -4.5 24.8

27 Peru 3,184,666,808 3,492,629,608 2,780,946,120 9.7 -20.4

28 United Arab Emirates 2,046,063,318 2,633,478,446 2,608,320,159 28.7 -1.0

29 Spain 2,075,806,525 2,301,562,618 2,560,707,898 10.9 11.3

30 Nigeria 8,828,296,801 4,515,893,182 2,423,110,310 -48.9 -46.3

31 Taiwan 1,958,014,634 1,956,462,396 2,167,996,434 -0.1 10.8

32 Trinidad And Tobago 2,961,778,312 2,016,639,723 1,840,641,972 -31.9 -8.7

33 Australia 2,016,714,499 1,764,073,029 1,632,748,723 -12.5 -7.4

34 Angola 2,045,701,302 2,059,221,888 1,570,012,288 0.7 -23.8

35 Guatemala 2,271,173,254 1,522,173,932 1,435,924,761 -33.0 -5.7

36 South Africa 1,347,433,830 1,358,217,634 1,426,199,206 0.8 5.0

37 Dominican Republic 1,217,352,836 1,103,911,190 1,383,758,664 -9.3 25.4

38 Algeria 2,313,931,377 1,843,504,045 1,361,175,054 -20.3 -26.2

39 Norway 1,164,339,353 1,178,122,495 1,350,142,364 1.2 14.6




$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

40 Honduras 1,514,519,575 1,281,240,153 1,314,812,793 -15.4 2.6

41 Egypt 1,308,832,712 1,374,423,579 1,305,184,103 5.0 -5.0

42 Israel 1,401,298,467 952,589,879 968,326,837 -32.0 1.7

43 Ireland 667,661,597 762,080,864 927,025,283 14.1 21.6

44 Austria 958,642,762 845,626,518 888,812,054 -11.8 5.1

45 Bahamas 751,043,372 719,725,681 855,398,937 -4.2 18.9

46 Sweden 798,612,223 596,871,219 849,716,152 -25.3 42.4

47 Qatar 701,470,723 817,916,691 829,197,225 16.6 1.4

48 Malaysia 639,658,822 663,793,464 814,921,911 3.8 22.8

49 Switzerland 574,760,694 648,502,200 779,725,304 12.8 20.2

50 Aruba 462,057,011 487,830,946 770,375,701 5.6 57.9

51 Thailand 802,293,295 663,589,204 741,069,322 -17.3 11.7

52 Morocco 397,104,254 722,770,685 729,959,279 82.0 1.0

53 Indonesia 893,970,608 976,718,149 699,319,475 9.3 -28.4

54 Vietnam 733,990,746 638,890,009 662,796,070 -13.0 3.7

55 Malta And Gozo 38,834,281 368,328,963 618,970,693 848.5 68.1

56 Kazakhstan 639,921,106 673,256,422 606,825,977 5.2 -9.9

57 Romania 497,655,565 395,205,217 590,837,533 -20.6 49.5

58 Oman 548,761,268 550,261,978 487,746,287 0.3 -11.4

59 Denmark 454,892,731 359,959,382 441,850,727 -20.9 22.8

60 El Salvador 337,158,636 316,339,776 434,945,230 -6.2 37.5

61 Czech Republic 467,005,109 420,453,678 433,930,887 -10.0 3.2

62 Philippines 362,795,640 411,684,271 426,492,201 13.5 3.6

63 Gibraltar 462,187,387 814,421,985 417,570,886 76.2 -48.7

64 Hungary 223,699,150 232,208,763 409,665,333 3.8 76.4

65 Finland 437,575,566 324,177,088 409,223,854 -25.9 26.2

66 Jamaica 308,491,718 304,466,421 380,331,428 -1.3 24.9

67 Slovakia 328,190,413 310,517,513 378,073,146 -5.4 21.8

68 Ghana 359,254,974 253,592,947 376,353,955 -29.4 48.4

69 Gabon 155,228,044 143,701,880 337,814,588 -7.4 135.1

70 Togo 200,088,242 468,002,909 329,843,819 133.9 -29.5

71 St. Lucia 57,140,027 44,533,024 328,465,032 -22.1 637.6

72 Pakistan 277,392,029 353,846,346 327,229,711 27.6 -7.5

73 Ukraine 472,919,533 359,422,825 317,966,889 -24.0 -11.5

74 Bahrain 333,386,019 286,212,331 308,861,277 -14.2 7.9

75 Poland 399,177,367 303,885,241 303,613,424 -23.9 -0.1

76 Lebanon 78,126,508 94,423,975 299,217,905 20.9 216.9

77 Portugal 324,933,099 214,850,180 295,972,871 -33.9 37.8

78 Suriname 172,791,068 184,937,150 284,930,072 7.0 54.1

79 Equatorial Guinea 494,708,973 236,574,891 264,783,630 -52.2 11.9



$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

80 New Zealand 196,689,922 248,275,376 248,101,110 26.2 -0.1

81 Uruguay 168,163,254 197,908,264 246,130,070 17.7 24.4

82 Azerbaijan 232,806,519 164,528,875 237,901,899 -29.3 44.6

83 Tunisia 133,128,281 398,365,499 221,094,892 199.2 -44.5

84 Kenya 169,870,341 215,235,598 220,185,977 26.7 2.3

85 Cameroon 268,579,183 244,844,248 211,024,362 -8.8 -13.8

86 Nicaragua 217,588,743 229,530,332 207,225,216 5.5 -9.7

87 Hong Kong 165,944,120 143,509,463 196,330,860 -13.5 36.8

88 Namibia 81,721,711 112,832,195 193,290,883 38.1 71.3

89 Congo, Republic Of The Congo 145,100,020 202,646,010 189,951,944 39.7 -6.3

90 Jordan 196,226,138 228,800,973 163,422,373 16.6 -28.6

91 Georgia 125,766,049 119,506,413 157,545,913 -5.0 31.8

92 Tanzania 67,566,125 119,641,787 155,863,375 77.1 30.3

93 Greece 181,433,673 109,858,224 138,481,704 -39.5 26.1

94 Luxembourg 145,092,006 124,615,841 129,624,286 -14.1 4.0

95 Libya 295,859,213 520,961,798 123,620,890 76.1 -76.3

96 Bolivia 115,865,839 237,792,357 122,099,772 105.2 -48.7

97 Mozambique 123,176,543 116,857,419 114,969,556 -5.1 -1.6

98 Ivory Coast 107,519,542 87,072,135 112,859,559 -19.0 29.6

99 Benin 41,513,438 71,228,332 109,389,117 71.6 53.6

100 Bangladesh 83,884,722 113,615,346 107,744,008 35.4 -5.2

101 Bulgaria 20,481,115 45,038,050 104,791,686 119.9 132.7

102 Haiti 74,387,575 115,621,544 94,851,442 55.4 -18.0

103 Cayman Islands 55,200,270 106,304,639 92,981,919 92.6 -12.5

104 Iceland 84,518,487 93,984,326 91,961,601 11.2 -2.2

105 Guinea 120,321,268 102,020,640 89,874,982 -15.2 -11.9

106 Ethiopia 117,418,850 83,360,506 87,142,342 -29.0 4.5

107 Belarus 47,880,067 60,185,712 80,669,920 25.7 34.0

108 Congo, Democratic Republic Of The Congo 73,851,707 44,962,466 68,067,646 -39.1 51.4

109 Guyana 55,282,805 51,379,054 65,203,799 -7.1 26.9

110 Paraguay 64,642,685 104,023,919 62,073,504 60.9 -40.3

111 Slovenia 47,635,101 53,849,931 60,482,793 13.1 12.3

112 Cambodia 19,373,297 24,744,756 56,899,251 27.7 129.9

113 Sri Lanka 46,300,245 41,619,388 50,913,236 -10.1 22.3

114 Turkmenistan 89,153,511 34,102,609 48,913,712 -61.8 43.4

115 Lithuania 51,978,372 54,930,102 48,222,120 5.7 -12.2

116 Curacao 267,790,479 136,466,397 48,010,212 -49.0 -64.8

117 Republic Of Yemen 98,107,365 74,750,315 47,135,850 -23.8 -36.9

118 Martinique 64,973,803 61,839,003 45,083,346 -4.8 -27.1

119 Djibouti 66,169,788 81,922,114 44,900,073 23.8 -45.2




$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

120 Papua New Guinea 145,117,526 28,266,320 43,342,501 -80.5 53.3

121 Estonia 73,107,510 58,952,279 43,130,333 -19.4 -26.8

122 Chad 44,026,345 27,017,208 43,033,659 -38.6 59.3

123 Mauritania 73,199,659 111,768,009 42,943,701 52.7 -61.6

124 Barbados 17,720,985 11,275,938 39,462,168 -36.4 250.0

125 Latvia 40,664,805 79,899,020 37,893,180 96.5 -52.6

126 Liberia 48,342,345 29,257,905 36,953,110 -39.5 26.3

127 Sudan (Starting 2011) 39,272,803 44,061,069 32,049,287 12.2 -27.3

128 Cyprus 28,557,796 26,504,533 31,443,787 -7.2 18.6

129 Senegal 22,348,856 43,198,800 28,927,676 93.3 -33.0

130 Uzbekistan 24,999,375 37,551,355 26,853,771 50.2 -28.5

131 Belize 61,360,574 18,881,492 24,927,386 -69.2 32.0

132 Serbia 16,847,056 32,165,235 24,292,634 90.9 -24.5

133 Brunei 25,986,331 24,262,507 22,381,448 -6.6 -7.8

134 Croatia 23,627,986 28,130,186 22,091,952 19.1 -21.5

135 Liechtenstein 16,577,274 20,433,986 19,168,672 23.3 -6.2

136 Antigua 21,997,474 1,590,420 18,427,410 -92.8 1058.7

137 Bermuda 10,955,090 38,939,493 18,189,128 255.5 -53.3

138 Macedonia 13,414,341 1,245,505 15,287,392 -90.7 1127.4

139 Albania 7,005,845 27,797,448 14,751,608 296.8 -46.9

140 Uganda 21,597,408 22,499,321 14,084,152 4.2 -37.4

141 Kyrgyzstan 46,541,780 22,437,384 13,709,119 -51.8 -38.9

142 Mauritius 9,959,610 8,916,574 11,766,099 -10.5 32.0

143 Sierra Leone 23,764,960 13,393,983 11,395,967 -43.6 -14.9

144 French Guiana 82,604,087 196,061,617 11,083,248 137.4 -94.4

145 Mongolia 17,442,069 23,529,204 10,880,798 34.9 -53.8

146 Zambia 16,133,713 12,220,183 10,864,188 -24.3 -11.1

147 Niger 8,218,882 9,415,505 10,517,548 14.6 11.7

148 Iran 22,094,149 24,485,397 10,265,516 10.8 -58.1

149 Madagascar 19,743,204 16,138,500 8,696,601 -18.3 -46.1

150 South Sudan 6,088,543 3,790,063 8,653,610 -37.8 128.3

151 Afghanistan 72,155,187 44,124,449 8,652,191 -38.9 -80.4

152 Fiji 691,583 508,357 8,219,967 -26.5 1517.0

153 Armenia 14,427,217 17,054,464 8,104,976 18.2 -52.5

154 Somalia 6,956,840 7,995,718 7,811,564 14.9 -2.3

155 Monaco 1,124,139 1,353,343 7,127,697 20.4 426.7

156 British Indian Ocean Terr. 12,897,834 12,849,384 6,703,470 -0.4 -47.8

157 Dominica 9,577,600 6,540,445 6,090,376 -31.7 -6.9

158 Burma (Myanmar) 4,280,690 52,396,114 5,786,729 1124.0 -89.0

159 Mali 8,695,643 13,184,292 5,621,062 51.6 -57.4




$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

160 British Virgin Islands 4,044,204 1,631,919 5,018,571 -59.7 207.5

161 Reunion 788,858 499,452 4,839,300 -36.7 868.9

162 Burkina 11,563,856 12,534,556 4,743,886 8.4 -62.2

163 Bosnia-Hercegovina 773,836 2,195,019 4,648,545 183.7 111.8

164 Faroe Island 3,898,160 3,166,413 4,376,315 -18.8 38.2

165 Rwanda 6,003,434 4,138,093 4,148,256 -31.1 0.3

166 Guadeloupe 50,711,225 18,547,282 4,113,579 -63.4 -77.8

167 Central African Republic 4,121,925 258,850 4,012,520 -93.7 1450.1

168 Zimbabwe 3,322,754 1,578,580 3,377,105 -52.5 113.9

169 Moldova 5,012,746 5,427,337 3,236,398 8.3 -40.4

170 Sint Maarten 3,586,832 38,165,144 3,183,324 964.0 -91.7

171 Swaziland 6,150,520 7,644,646 3,127,535 24.3 -59.1

172 Grenada 3,627,106 339,577 3,003,738 -90.6 784.6

173 Eritrea 711,830 478,548 2,749,669 -32.8 474.6

174 The Gambia 1,025,036 2,914,244 2,383,358 184.3 -18.2

175 Malawi 13,754,805 10,155,301 2,179,277 -26.2 -78.5

176 St. Vincent 3,058,337 2,635,899 2,099,828 -13.8 -20.3

177 Nepal 2,109,195 991,856 1,823,486 -53.0 83.9

178 Macao 1,593,445 3,635,953 1,444,124 128.2 -60.3

179 French Polynesia 457,819 290,016 1,190,561 -36.7 310.5

180 New Caledonia 1,858,538 4,248,188 1,173,842 128.6 -72.4

181 Tajikistan 3,981,689 437,742 1,140,823 -89.0 160.6

182 Christmas Island 0 0 1,140,596 NaN Infinity

183 Montserrat 0 180,000 915,242 Infinity 408.5

184 Laos 395,773 552,472 891,408 39.6 61.4

185 Marshall Islands 60,473,429 23,823,997 884,041 -60.6 -96.3

186 Burundi 2,991,342 2,607,603 829,464 -12.8 -68.2

187 Seychelles 1,070,934 1,193,986 766,058 11.5 -35.8

188 Botswana 1,494,963 14,396,443 652,070 863.0 -95.5

189 Lesotho 4,092,817 4,584,569 630,677 12.0 -86.2

190 Vatican City 142,571 40,608 621,302 -71.5 1430.0

191 St.Christopher-Nevis 1,447,374 629,785 535,668 -56.5 -14.9

192 Cape Verde 366,509 2,475,067 534,247 575.3 -78.4

193 Anguilla 332,334 149,390 527,080 -55.1 252.8

194 Nauru 0 0 397,051 NaN Infinity

195 Bhutan 0 0 388,154 NaN Infinity

196 Montenegro 265,537 45,250 297,630 -83.0 557.8

197 Kosovo 1,117,807 247,949 290,118 -77.8 17.0

198 West Bank Admin By Israel 112,100 106,970 284,796 -4.6 166.2

199 Maldive Islands 2,577,782 228,403 266,626 -91.1 16.7




$ valueannual '13

$ valueannual '14

$ value '12 - '13 %

Change '13 - '14 %

Change

200 Guinea-Bissau 3,354,725 5,303,203 224,136 58.1 -95.8

201 Syria 221,028 100,344 197,233 -54.6 96.6

202 Turks And Caicos Islands 69,006 114,095 134,381 65.3 17.8

203 Fr.Sthern.,Antarctic Lands 198,450 0 121,685 -100.0 Infinity

204 Western Samoa 0 0 95,104 NaN Infinity

205 Sao Tome And Principe 163,394 0 76,184 -100.0 Infinity

206 Cuba 119,730 105,495 71,486 -11.9 -32.2

207 Western Sahara 0 0 69,666 NaN Infinity

208 San Marino 83,885 213,400 53,702 154.4 -74.8

209 Tonga 710,308 72,930 47,769 -89.7 -34.5

210 Svalbard, Jan Mayen Island 0 0 34,425 NaN Infinity

211 Comoros 0 74,520 33,000 Infinity -55.7

212 Greenland 380,768 0 28,932 -100.0 Infinity

213 Cocos Islands 4,983 585,979 21,906 11659.6 -96.3

214 Falkland Islands 2,279,599 52,618 17,824 -97.7 -66.1

215 Niue 0 4,760 8,288 Infinity 74.1

216 Tokelau Islands 3,903,737 8,535 8,040 -99.8 -5.8

217 Andorra 3,236 490,402 7,500 15054.6 -98.5

218 Fedrated States Of Micronesia 230,934 2,625 6,480 -98.9 146.9

219 East Timor 0 37,082 3,202 Infinity -91.4

220 Vanuatu 146,331 8,282,773 0 5560.3 -100.0

221 St. Pierre And Miquelon 0 229,852 0 Infinity -100.0

222 St. Helena 95,256 80,615 0 -15.4 -100.0

223 Solomon Islands 0 68,225 0 Infinity -100.0

224 Norfolk Island 67,583 60,393 0 -10.6 -100.0

225 Tuvalu Islands 0 16,551 0 Infinity -100.0

226 Palau 71,740 4,655 0 -93.5 -100.0

227 Kiribati 27,413 0 0 -100.0 NaN

228 Cook Islands 5,674 0 0 -100.0 NaN

229 Netherlands Antilles 0 0 0 NaN NaN

230 Heard And Mcdonald Islands 0 0 0 NaN NaN

231 Mayotte 0 0 0 NaN NaN

232 Pitcairn Island 0 0 0 NaN NaN

233 North Korea 0 0 0 NaN NaN

234 Serbia And Montenegro 0 0 0 NaN NaN

235 Sudan 0 0 0 NaN NaN

236 Gaza Strip Admin By Israel 0 0 0 NaN NaN

237 Serbia (Incl Kosovo) 0 0 0 NaN NaN

Source: WISER from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data


64

oCTobeR 20, 201520th annual

G R E AT E R H O U S TO N PA R T N E R S H I P

uPCoMinG evenTs

Partnership Research | May 2015

auGusT 29, 2015

sePTeMbeR 15, 2015

GREATER HOUSTON PARTNERSHIP

State of Texas Medical Center

COLLABORATION IN MEDICINE

oCTobeR 29, 2015STATE OFTHE PORT

G R E AT E R H O U S TO N PA R T N E R S H I P

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