Global History

Unit #2: The French Revolution

Topic: Reign of Terror

Aim Question: How did Maximilien Robespierre contribute to Reform & Terror?

Objective:• Robespierre gains control of he revolutionary government• Institution of Terror, thousands of arbitrary executions

Agenda:1. Attendance2. Announcements: 3. Terror grips France; Lecture Notes—Note books needed (10 min)4. Reading—Enjoying Global History; page 2685. Answer Questions

a) Why did the Jacobins start the Reign of Terror?b) What were Robespierre dreams for France?c) What did Robespierre think of the King?d) What did Robespierre think of Marat & Danton?

Did everyone like the new Constitution?• Political Parties formed in the

newly elected Legislative Assembly• The assembly was seated by their

political views• Political division led to unrest and

violenceLeft Center Right

Radical Moderate Reactionary

•Support Republic •want major change •Known as Jacobins

•Support Constitutional Monarchy•Want some change

•Support Absolute Monarchy•Want to return to the old way

Why did France become a Republic?

• Strong Distrust of the King and Queen

• Austria, Prussia and Sardinia declare war on France – fearful that Revolutions will spread to their own country

• Radicals voted for the King’s imprisonment

What was the French Republic?

• A government without a King

• Constitution limits the power of the leaders elected by the people.

• Every man could vote

(If you owned land)

War & Extreme Measures

• War with Austria and Prussia- Legislative Assembly declares war on both - Both want to replace Louis to the throne

Why?• Radicals execute Louis

- Jacobins guide Legislative Assembly to convict Louis of treason and execute him

• Citizen army - National Guard

Radical Phase of Revolution

• Bourgeoisie take over the Legislative Assembly

• Their RADICAL ideas impact the “new” nation

• Maximilien Robespierre becomes leader of radical change

Maximilien Robespierre

Terror Grips France• Jacobins have

many enemies in France:

1. Foreign army2. Peasants were

horrified by beheading of Louis

3. Moderates & Conservatives (Former clergy & nobles)

Maximilien Robespierre Assumes

Control Want RADICAL

change• Wipe out traces of

Frances history of Monarchy & Nobility

• Changed Calendar

• Wanted people to change names

Committee of Public Safety

• Robespierre became leader in 1793

• The committees job was to determine who was an enemy of the new republic or not

• For one whole year, July 1793-July 1794, Committee oversaw Reign of Terror!

Reign of Terror

France turns on Robespierre

• By July of 1794, no one felt safe with Robespierre.

• The Committee of Public Safety arrests Robespierre.

• Shouting “Down with the Tyrant” Robespierre is found guilty of treason and beheaded.

• This ends the Reign of Terror.