Global health 11092012 ukm
-
Upload
vaikunthan-rajaratnam -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
276 -
download
4
description
Transcript of Global health 11092012 ukm
![Page 1: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Global Health – Why Malaysian Medical Students Should Bother?
Dr. Valkuthan RajaratnamMBBS(Mal),AM(Mal),FRCS(Ed),FRCS(Glasg),FICS(USA),MBA(USA),
Dip Hand Surgery(Eur),PG CertMedEd(Dundee),FHEA(UK).
Senior Consultant Hand Surgeon, KTPH Alexandra Health,
Singapore
![Page 2: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Global Health
• problems that transcend national borders• best addressed by cooperative actions and
solutions"The failure to engage in the fight to anticipate, prevent, and ameliorate global health problems would diminish America's stature in the realm of
health and jeopardize our own health, economy, and national security."
-The Institute of Medicine, America’s Vital Interest in Global Health
![Page 3: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Global Health why bother
• Humanitarian reasons• Equity reasons• Direct impact reasons• Indirect impact reasons
![Page 4: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What’s in it for me?
• Practice• Training and Education• Research• Altruism
![Page 5: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is in it for them?
• Practice• Training and Education• Research• Altruism
![Page 6: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Personal Experience
• UG & PG ME• Service establishment , and training• Building experience• Delivering wisdom across borders• Teaching and learning different systems• Communicating and collaborating• Leaving legacy through education
![Page 7: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Malaysian Population
Total: 28.4 million
Migrant Workers: 1.8 million
Expats: 313,000
Illegal immigrants: estimated 450,000 to 1.2 million
![Page 8: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Migrant Workers in MalaysiaCountry of Origin
Indonesia Bangladesh
Nepal Myanmar
India Vietnam
Others
![Page 9: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Key Contributions to Global Health
![Page 10: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, UHB NHS Foundation Trust
![Page 13: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Open air out patient clinic
![Page 16: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Current make shift classroom
![Page 17: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Residual mines and their effects
A below knee amputee following land mineInjury with prosthesis
![Page 18: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Major flash burn contracture of post axillary fold needing release and reconstruction
![Page 19: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
AO Instructional course for medics/nurses
![Page 20: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Compressed air unit for power tools
![Page 22: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
“Portable” Xray unit using dental Xray tube
![Page 23: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Surgery with implants and power tools
![Page 24: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Median and ulnar nerve injury treated with sural nerve cable graft bridging gap
![Page 25: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
SSG done by member of nursing staff
![Page 26: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
IED – Improvised Explosive Device• Since 2007, IED blasts are
commonest combat injury seen at RCDM
• Improvised devices with evolving sophistication
• Difficult to detect• Frequently placed at road
side to target foot and vehicle patrols
![Page 29: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The Team
![Page 30: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• Unique injuries– Patterns emerging
• Unique patients• Multidisciplinary care• IEDs – large zone of injury• Difficult reconstruction
• Very rewarding
![Page 31: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Regular Royal Visitors
![Page 32: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
be different
make a differenc
e
![Page 39: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Life Expectancy at Birth
Bangladesh
Indonesia
Malays
ia
Singa
pore UKUSA
0102030405060708090
Years
Years
![Page 40: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Maternal Mortality Ratio(Inter agency estimates)
Bangladesh
Indonesia Malaysia Singapore UK USA0
50
100
150
200
250
300
per 100 000 live births
![Page 41: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Comparison of International Health Statistics
Bangladesh Indonesia Malaysia Singapore UK USA
Population in thousands
148 692 239 871 28 401 5 086 62 036 310 384
% pop. living in urban areas
28 44 72 100 80 82
Governmentexpenditure on health as % total govt expenditure
7.4 7.8 9.2 8.0 16.0 22.4
Annual per capita govt expenditure on health (US$)
8 38 204 629 2 938 4 437
![Page 42: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Physicians Density
Bangladesh
Indonesia Malaysia Singapore UK USA0
5
10
15
20
25
30
per 10 000 population
per 10 000 popu-lation
![Page 43: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Infant Mortality Rate(probability of dying between birth & 1 year)
Bangla
desh
Indonesia
Malays
ia
Singa
pore UKUSA
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40 per 1 000 live births
![Page 44: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Top 3 causes of death in Malaysia
Cerebrovascular Disease6.6%
Pneumonia7%
Ischaemic Heart Disease12.9%
124,857 deaths in 2008
![Page 45: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Top 3 causes of death in Malaysian Men
1. Ischaemic Heart Disease
2. Road Traffic Accidents
3. Pneumonia
![Page 46: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Hospital Beds
Bangladesh
Indonesia Malaysia Singapore UK USA0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
per 10 000 population
per 10 000 population
![Page 47: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Incidence of Polio in Malaysia
Year No. of
Cases1976 391977 1211978 181979 41980 51981 11982 5
Year No. of Cases
1983 21984 51985 41986 11987-1991 01992 31993-2011 0
Source, MOH Malaysia
![Page 48: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Malaysia & Global Fight Against Polio
Member of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative
![Page 49: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Incidence of Dengue in Malaysia
2000 20100
5000100001500020000250003000035000400004500050000
Cases
Cases
![Page 50: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Malaysia & Global Fight Against Dengue
3 Key Areas:
FundingExpertiseResearch
![Page 51: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Global Health & Non-Communicable Diseases
TobaccocontrolInter-governmental cooperation
![Page 52: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Global Health & Communicable Diseases
SARS
Inter-governmental cooperation
![Page 53: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Mercy Malaysia Programmes
International
![Page 54: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Open air out patient clinic
![Page 56: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Bilateral Agreements
Malaysia Thailand
![Page 58: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Bilateral Agreements
Malaysia Brunei
![Page 59: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
VWO Contributions to Global Health
![Page 60: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Mercy Malaysia Programmes
Malaysian Outreach Programmes
![Page 61: Global health 11092012 ukm](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051513/546f3aa8af7959814b8b48ac/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
ReferencesHealth imperatives in foreign policy: the case ofMalaysia: Simon Barraclough & Kai-Lit Phua, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2007;85:225-229.