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Global Good Samaritans: Human rights foreign policy August 2010 Australia Slide 2 Why--Norms and globalization Moral interdependence Strat. interdependence: human security Intl. community: intl. hr regime Identity: roles, scripts Governance: civil society, legitimacy Socialization: politics of persuasion Slide 3 The intl. hr regime: sometimes--it takes a state Multilateral: ICC Bilateral: S Afr sanctions peace promotion: CR C Amer Aid: Sweden c. $3 billion/year Refugees: Sweden>10,000 Iraqis Slide 4 Research design Global map for necessary and sufficient conditions Thresholds: Thresholds: democracy,democracy, development,development, Secure globalizationSecure globalization Variables: Variables: Leadership, Leadership, civil society,civil society, ideologyideology Case selection Leaders: Leaders: high inputs, high outcomes = Swedenhigh inputs, high outcomes = Sweden Laggards: Laggards: high inputs, low outcomes = Japanhigh inputs, low outcomes = Japan Least likely cases: Least likely cases: low inputs, high outcomes = Costa Ricalow inputs, high outcomes = Costa Rica Changes: NL, South Africa Changes: NL, South Africa Slide 5 Sources of Reconstruction States most likely to succeed (dozens) Small is beautiful; middle and regional powers Small is beautiful; middle and regional powers Secure: demilitarized, neutral, or sheltered Secure: demilitarized, neutral, or sheltered Global: Outward-oriented, linkages Global: Outward-oriented, linkages Democracydeep, Parliamentary, equity (esp. gender) Democracydeep, Parliamentary, equity (esp. gender) Regional placement: CR vs. Canada vs. Australia Regional placement: CR vs. Canada vs. Australia Problems in any dimension pull down level of promotion Slide 6 Activating the potential Agents Charismatic leaders Charismatic leaders Foreign policy professionals Foreign policy professionals Civil society: Civil society: CosmopolitanCosmopolitan Connected to for. policyConnected to for. policy Ideas Universalism Universalism Social democracy Social democracy Interdependence Interdependence Regional niche Regional niche Again, lacks lead to limits Slide 7 Canada as Global Good Samaritan Inputs and outcomes Multilateral ICC, R2P Bilateral SA yes, China? Transnatl Kimberley Kimberley Aid Low but Haiti, demo % Peace promotion Afghanistan, landmines Refugees Nos., open to S Globalized Two-thirds trade econ DemocraticParliament Securitysheltered Leadership Trudeau, Axworthy Civil society Deep, cosmo, Quebec Ideology Charter, other America Slide 8 Implications National interest can be reconstructed Some states build global governance But need: Eternal vigilance Eternal vigilance Activate more laggards Activate more laggards Build coalitions of the caring Build coalitions of the caring Deepen global norms Deepen global norms Evaluate effectiveness Evaluate effectiveness Slide 9 Best practices: doing well at doing good Good-enough Samaritans: leverage inconsistency Democracy begins at home: civil soc, equity Coordinate policy: dev-security-hr Fund from the bottom up It takes a Ministry?: Where is hr placed? Level, mainstreaming, IO vs. policy Where is hr placed? Level, mainstreaming, IO vs. policy Foreign Ministry practices: rotations, country desks, Foreign Ministry practices: rotations, country desks, aid agency status: ind? Budget process aid agency status: ind? Budget process Refugees as poli vs. legal subjects, placement Refugees as poli vs. legal subjects, placement Evaluate and learn Venue-shop beyond borders Institutionalize hr promotion; beyond charisma Join coalitions of the caring Slide 10 Australia: Waltzing Matilda? (Lawler) Outputs: Multilateral and aid aspirations launched by Evans, but consistent under conservatives (like Sweden) Multilateral and aid aspirations launched by Evans, but consistent under conservatives (like Sweden) Bilateral tricky vis trade, transnatl (like Canada) Bilateral tricky vis trade, transnatl (like Canada) Timor intervention; demo, stability, or hr? Timor intervention; demo, stability, or hr? Refugee contradiction (like NL) Refugee contradiction (like NL) Inputs: Dev demo secure middle power w growing multicult pop (like Canada) Dev demo secure middle power w growing multicult pop (like Canada) Commonwealth values; 2005 82% think Aus good international citizen Commonwealth values; 2005 82% think Aus good international citizen But regional barrier to universalism (like S Afr) But regional barrier to universalism (like S Afr) Neo-liberal post-9/11 U.S. humanitarianism lite Neo-liberal post-9/11 U.S. humanitarianism lite