The Reformation

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For your reference

The Reformation: Background

Reformation: the attempt by some Europeans

to reform (change) the Roman Catholic Church Martin Luther

A German Monk Began the Reformation

Important Term/Person

How the Reformation began

Luther posted his 95 Theses (arguments) against the Roman Catholic Church

The printing press helped spread his ideas quickly

Protestants People who joined Luther’s reform movement They “protested” against the Roman Catholic

Church

Background

John Calvin

Another reform leader Introduced the idea of predestination

Predestination: God has already determined what will happen

Background Cont’d

Roman Catholic Church Problems

Luther’s Proposal (“Fix”)

Too involved with secular issues, especially politics-What does secular mean?

The Church should concentrate on the needs of its members

Church leaders claimed to be the only source of religious faith

The Bible was the only truth.People could read the Bible for themselves.

More interested in making money than saving souls

Stop selling salvation!

Main Reformation Reasons

Secular: non-religious

What invention allowed people to read the Bible for themselves?Printing Press

Counter-Reformation

Counter-Reformation: the Roman Catholic

Church’s attempt to regain its members, money, and power

Council of Trent Meeting of Roman Catholic Church officials Planned how to get the church back in order

St. Ignatius Loyola Founded the Jesuits (an order of monks)

Spread discipline and learning to European Catholics

Terms/People

Effects of the Reformation

New churches began in Europe Increased warfare: Thirty Years War

Protestant North vs. Catholic South The Roman Catholic Church’s power declined

Less members and money Kings became more powerful

Effects of the Reformation

Fewer kings listened to the Pope Fewer Europeans listened to the Church’s

teachings People began to question the Church’s

thinking about secular issues, especially in politics and science

How did the Reformation change the Roman Catholic Church’s leadership role

in Europe?