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Global Agricultural Research Partnerships: Response to challenges to the sector Olanrewaju Smith
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Transcript of Global Agricultural Research Partnerships: Response to challenges to the sector Olanrewaju Smith
Global Agricultural Research Partnerships: Response to
challenges to the sector
Olanrewaju Smith
Executive Secretary
GFAR
Paradigm shifts in the sector• Ensure Food Security
• Maintain Environmental Integrity
• Contribute to poverty alleviation
• Compete in an open integrated market
Current Trends of the Challenges
MDG #1 Ensure FOOD SECURITY
Reduce number of hungry people by half
1990-92 2015
80 million 40 million
Global Incidence of undernourishment
Geographic Entity
Incidence of under nourishment
% Population Million People
1997-99 2015 2030 1997-99 2015 2030
Developing Countries
17 11 6 776 610 443
Sub-Saharan Africa
34 23 15 194 205 183
Near East & North Africa
9 7 5 32 37 34
Latin America & Caribbean
11 6 4 54 40 25
South Asia 24 12 6 303 195 119
East Asia 11 6 4 193 135 82
Source: FAO 2003a
Current trends of the challenges
Reduce extreme Poverty
• 1.2 billion live on < $1/day
• 40% in Sub-Saharan Africa
• 40% in South Asia
Source: UNDP 2005 “the Millennium Project”
Major trends in the MDGs, by region
Current trends of the challenges
MDG # 7: Maintain Environmental Integrity
• Land degradation
• Water resources depletion
• Biodiversity losses
• Loss of forest cover
Estimated Forest Cover and Forest Cover Change between 1990 and
2000
Region
Forest Area 2000 Area Change
(1990-2000)
Total forest
% of land area
000 ha % 000 ha/yr
World 3,869,455
29.6 -9,391
Africa 649,866 21.8 -5,262
Asia 547,793 17.8 -364
Europe* 1,039,251
46.0 881
Southern America
885,618 50.5 -3,711
Source: FAO 2000. The global Forest Resources Assessment 2000, Rome: FAO* Europe includes the former Soviet republics of Belarus, Moldova, Russian Federation, and Ukraine
Current trends of the challenges
Globalization Induced Economic Growth
• $ 165 billion/yr global income
• 75% of it in industrialized countries
• Growth of Trade deficit in dev countries subsidy promoted importsTariff induced export slump
Responses to the challenges
• Alarming trends
• Need to confront and reverse them
• How well is the sector responding
Status of responses to challenges
Challenges Rating of responses
Food security Inconsistent and falteringPovertyalleviation
Small gains
Environmentalsustainability
Loosing the battle
Economic growth
and competitivity
Short lived, limited to few
countries and unsustained
Policies that enhance research and development responses
Factor Enhancing policiesTechnology
and knowledgecreation
Human capital development, public support
to agricultural research, improvedmanagement and organization of
researchinstitutions, improved access to
knowledge(ICT)
Adoption and
utilization ofResearch
results
Infrastructure, credit, social adjustmentprograms, price policies, improved inputand produce markets
Risk and uncertainty
Political stability, clear policies on IPR,other regulatory measures.
Adapted from Roseboon 2003
Focus on research
• Comprehensive production systems
• Value adding technologies
• Important productivity gains
Possible agricultural productivity gains in developing countries
Indicators SSA WANA South Asia
LAC High Income
countries
% of arable land
irrigated
3.8 28.7 39.3 11.6 11.0
Cereal production
(kg/capita/yr)
128 128 224 259 746
Cereal yield (kg/ha)
986 1963 2308 2795 4002
Livestock productivity (kg/ha)
128 147 121 198 248
Fertilizer use (kg/ha)
9 69 109 85 125
Source: FAO 2003b
NARS and global system contribution
• Primary responsibility of NARS
• Need to collaborate on SR/R basis
• Room for Inter-regional collaboration
• Entry point of GFAR
GFAR
Mission
To mobilize the scientific community and all other stakeholders involved in agricultural research for development, and support their efforts to alleviate poverty, increase food security and promote sustainable utilization of natural resources
GFAR Stakeholders
• Farmers` Organizations
• Non-Government Organizations
• NARS through their SR/RF
• Advanced Research Institutions
• International Agric. Research Centres,
• The agri-business private sector
• A group of donors
FORAGROFORAGROForum of the Americas for AgriculturalForum of the Americas for Agricultural
Research and Technological DevelopmentResearch and Technological Development FARAFARAForum for Agricultural Resch. Forum for Agricultural Resch.
in Africain Africa
APAARIAPAARIAsia-Pacific Assoc. Of Agricult. Res. Inst.Asia-Pacific Assoc. Of Agricult. Res. Inst.
AARINENAAARINENAAssoc. of Agricultural Res. Inst. Assoc. of Agricultural Res. Inst.
Near East and North AfricaNear East and North Africa
EFARDEFARDEuropean Forum on Agríc. R&DEuropean Forum on Agríc. R&D
Global.RAIS
• Develop and/or strengthen Regional Agricultural Information Systems (RAIS)
• Linked to each other, to EGFAR and to the outside world
• To facilitate information exchange and knowledge sharing
Current status of Information Communication Services in various RF Information andCommunication
Services
AARINENA
RAIS
APARIS CACRAIS
FARARAIS
FORAGROINFOTEC
Science and Technology Info
None Full text search
and Retrieval
None None Full text search and
retrieval, on line upload by
users
Technical Information
Nascent Nascent, (success stories)
Nascent (Agro
web)
None Market place for technologies
Research data management
None None None None GIS
e-mail, e-discussion and related Tools (directories, indexes)
None None None None e-discussion, weekly bulletin, directories available
Current Information Communication
Technology status in Asia-Pacific NARS
NARS Rural Infrastructur
e
S&T Information (library, automation
and networking
Extension / Outreach
Info. System (policy,
public &private sector
using ICT to reach
farmers)
Skills (Users,
developers, managers, language)
Malaysia Developed Developed Developed Developed
India Emerging Emerging Emerging Developed
Philippines
Emerging Emerging Emerging Developed
Thailand Emerging Developed Developed Emerging
Indonesia
Poor Emerging Developed Emerging
Sri Lanka
Poor Developed Emerging Emerging
Laos Poor Poor Poor Poor
Cambodia
Poor Poor Poor Poor