GIZ Support to Ministry of Urban Development Training on Preparation …€¦ · GIZ Support to...

03.07.2015

GIZ Support to Ministry of Urban Development

Training on Preparation of City Sanitation Plan – Part I

State of Andhra Pradesh

Session 3:

Requirements for CSP implementation Hyderabad, 1-3 July 2015

M5: Enabling Environment for Implementation of CSP 03.07.2015

Enabling Framework

Institutional framework

Management

Financing

Legislative framework

Enabling dimension Number 1

XXX 03.07.2015

Legislative Framwork • National, state and city acts

• Municipal bye laws

• Normative standards


Legislative Framework

• Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

• The Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers & their Rehabilitation Act, 2013

• Building Codes

National

• Municipal Acts

• State Water Supply and Sewerage Acts

• Municipal Drainage and Sanitation Bye-laws

• Municipality Building Rules

State

• Local Municipal Bye-Laws

• Building Regulations City

Public Health and Sanitation is a part of the ‘constitutional responsibility’ of the

Municipalities under the 12th Schedule of the Constitution (74th CAA,1992)


What can be regulated by EPA for urban sanitation ?

EIA

Monitoring - Discharge Standards / Emission control (Applicable for all STP discharge)

MSWM Rules

Environmental Quality surveillance programmes

• MINAS

Coastal Regulation

Zone


The Prohibition of Employment as Manual

Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013

Highlights

• Conversion of Insanitary latrines to sanitary latrines

within time bound manner

• Use of technological appliances for cleaning of

sewers, septic tanks to eliminate manual scavenging

• Prohibition of employment as Manual Scavengers

(for hazardous cleaning of a sewer or a septic tank)

• Comprehensive Rehabilitation of the Manual

Scavengers within a time bound framework by the

Municipality

Offences under the Act are cognizable and non-bailable


What can be regulated in a Municipal Act for urban

sanitation ?

Power to close open discharge

Disconnection of Services

Work to be done only by licensed plumbers

Protection of misuse of public sewers / infrastructure through construction of roads

Grant permission to cross private land for water / sanitation connectivity

Tariff fixation, collection


What can be regulated by Municipal Bye Laws for

urban sanitation ? Reuse of treated

waste water – Bangalore

Rainwater Harvesting –

Chennai

Littering in Public Places –

Shimla

User charges – sewerage, water

supply, SWM

Sanitation facilities for construction workers on

construction sites

Sanitation facilities for commercial / public areas (Model Building Bye Laws)

community and stakeholder participation

Municipal

Bye Laws

As available in National Building Code, 2005 and suitably adapted in Building Bye Laws


Normative Standards for urban sanitation

BIS

CPHEEO – Guidelines

Uniform Protocols for

water sampling and testing

Service Level Benchmarks

CPCB Norms / Standards and

Guidelines – eg. on best

designated use of water

Normative

Standards


Examples of Codes for Public Toilet – located at market area

Men Women

WC 1 for up to 150 males plus

one for every additional 150

males or part thereof 1 for up to 12 females plus 1 for

every 13 to 30 females plus 1 for

every additional 25 females Urinals 2 for up to 75 males plus

one for every additional 75

males or part thereof

Need for considering the following:

• Special provisions for children and differently-abled persons

• Provisions for safe disposal of sanitary napkins in public toilets

XXX 03.07.2015

Which

regulation/standard/law in

the sanitation sector is the

most useful for your ULB?


XXX 03.07.2015

Institutional framework • Institutional setting

• Governance reforms


Prevailing Institutional Models for water supply and

sanitation Urban local body as the

service provideer and creator

of capital assets

State level parastatal as the

service provider and creator

of capital assets

City level parastatal as the

service provider and creator

of capital assets

Andhra Pradesh

Maharashtra

Gujarat

Madhya Pradesh

Bangalore

Chennai

Delhi

Hyderabad

Haryana

Rajasthan

Uttar Pradesh

Orissa

Hybrid model: Capital works with State parastatal while O&M works is

with ULB

74th CAA allows states the flexibility to adopt an appropriate model

Different institutional models are operating in the country but none may

not be effective on service delivery

Session 2: Understanding Water Sector in your city 03.07.2015

Indian urban population coverage (%) by Institutional Model

47

10 8

19

16 ULB

City Parastatal

State Parastatal

PHED

Multiple Institutions

Urban

Services Planning Implementation O&M

User charges (who is

collecting)

Water Supply

Sewerage

Septage

Management

Presently not exist

Storm Water

Drainage

Not collected

SWM

Public Toilets

TSUIDFC

ENCPHED ENCPHED

ENCPHED

ULB

ULB

ULB ULB

ULB ULB

ULB ULB

ENCPHED

ULB

ENCPHED

ENCPHED

ULB

ULB

ULB

ULB

Private Operators

RWA

Households Private Operators

ULB

Households

Private Operators

ULB ULB

RWA

Private Operators

NGOs

ULB

Sulabh

Private Operators

ULB

Sulabh

Private Operators

Sulabh

Private Operators

03.07.2015

Institution / Human Resources required for Septage Management

Centralized Sewerage system Individual System

Pit Latrines

Septage Management System

Septic Tank

Managed by Households

• Mason Managed by Households

• Mason

• Plumber

Managed by City / ULB

• Vacuum truck operators

• Treatment plant

operators

Managed by Household

• Plumbers for Household

connectivity

Managed by City / ULB

Requires a dedicated institution

for water supply & sanitation with

various departments viz.

• Management

• Engineering & Technical

• Accounts & Finance

• Administration

• Data management

• Customer service etc…

Upgrade

OR

M3: Sanitation Systems


Reforms for Better Governance

Reforms at the level of ULBs and Parastatal Agencies • E-Governance using IT (GIS, MIS, etc)

• Shift to Accrual-based double entry accounting system

• Property Tax (85 % coverage & 90% collection efficiency)

• User Charges (100% Cost Recovery of Water Supply & Solid Waste)

• Internal Earmarking of Funds for Services to Urban Poor

• Provision of Basic Services to Urban Poor

• Bye-laws on Reuse of Recycled water

Reforms at the level of States • 74th CAA (Transfer 12th Schedule functions, Constitution of District Planning Committees,

Constitution of Metropolitan Planning Committees)

• Transfer of city planning functions (Water supply and sanitation)

• Enactment of Community Participation Law

• Enactment of Public Disclosure Law

• Administrative Reforms / Structural Reforms

• Encouraging Public Private Partnerships (PPP)

XXX 03.07.2015

Please fill out the

institutional matrix for your

city


XXX 03.07.2015

Management • Different levels of management

• Information Management

• Human Resources

• Procurement of services

• Asset management


Levels of management

Upper Management

Middle Management

Lower Management

strategy goals, policy decisions

framework for urban sanitation

overall annual planning

overall monitoring

formation city sanitation task force

technical supervision, monitoring operations

guidance operations

quality control operations

supervision of strategy & plan implementation

specific annual planning

responsibility for service contracts

stakeholder management

working counterpart city sanitation task force

implementation and supervision of day-to-day

operations / services

guidance and human resource development

monitoring of contractors

complaints redress

maintenance infrastructure and equipment

reporting

Mayor, President

Commissioners,

Chief Officers

Health Officers, Engineers

Sanitary

inspectors, ward

officers and

supervisors

Is there something

to be added?


Information Management

• Source of information Census of India

Survey of India (Topo sheets, GTS Benchmarks in cities)

Satellite imagery (National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad)

Revenue Department (land records, property maps)

Development Authority (Landuse maps)

TCPO (NUIS data)

ULB records

Primary survey

Sectoral information – various departments

• National Municipal e-governance Programme

• Service level Benchmarks


Information Management

Spatial data Attributes

Thematic

Maps for

decision

making


Human Resources

• Manpower Needs Assessment / availability of adequate staff

• Matchining of job profile & staff skills

• Senior staff has the capacity to supervise

• External experts available for speific tasks

• Vacancy rates, staff turnover, rationalize work load

Staff

• Training Needs Assessment

• Dedicated training budget

• On the job training / refresher courses

• Link training to incentives and career progression

Training

• Revision / assessment of CDPs / CSPs / DPRs ...

• GIS, MIS, Data Management

• Comprehensive inspection and monitoring

• Contracting and Procurement (Service contracts, PPP concession agreements etc.)

• HR / Training management

• Community participation

New Skills requirements


Procurement of Services

Extent of private sector participation

Shift in procurement of services in ULBs

No longer only EPC contracts

High acceptance of Private Participation

Different funding schemes (national schemes, international donor

agencies etc) – different procurement models / mechanisms

Works & Services Contract

Management & Maintenance

Contract

O&M Concessions

Built Operate Transfer Concessions

Full Privatisation


Asset Management

Impact on

performance

Reduced

service

levels

Reduced

willingness

to pay

Lack of

revenue

Lack of O+M

XXX 03.07.2015

Which new skills for

sanitation would you like to

learn?


XXX 03.07.2015

Financing • Municipal Finance System

• Main cost drivers in sanitation

• Budget for sanitation

• Financial reforms


Understanding Municipal Finances

The primary objectives of understanding municipal finances are:

Where is money coming from and where is going?

To prepare a financial plan for the city for a long term horizon

for better management and achieving financial sustainability.

To identify and undertake measures for better financial control.

To ensure proper allocation of resources.


Municipal Accounting framework

Income

Tax

Use charges

grants

Expenditure Assets

fixed

investments

Liabilities

Grants/ payments

loans

Capital works in progress

Admin

Esta.

O & M

interests

Profit and loss account

Income & expenditure account Balance sheets


Typical cost drivers

Financial requirements

Operations cost

Staff cost

Maintenance

Renewal of existing Facilities

New facilities

Cost of services

Administration

• Capital costs:

Asset renewal,

asset expansion

• Operating costs:

Staff, electricity,

chemicals, services

from third party, bad

debt, transport and

truck capital cost,

fuel cost,

administrative cost,

discharge fee

• Contingent costs:

Cost of borrowing,

exchange rate loss


Budget heads for Sewerage management

Revenue Income

Sewerage Benefit Tax

Sewerage user charges

Revenue Expenditure

Establishment - Salaries

O&M – STP maintenance,

Tanker repairs, Electricity

charges, Water charges,

Purchase of chemicals,

Unplanned expenditure,

etc.

Capital Income

Connection charges

UGD Fund deposits

UGD Govt. subsidies

Capital Expenditure

Sewerage lines

Mechanical

Surveys


Financial / Accounting Reforms by MoUD

Adaptation of modern accrual-based double entry system of

accounting

Use of GIS for property tax to increase revenues

Levy of reasonable user charges for full cost of O & M for next 5

years

Internal earmarking within local body budgets for basis services to

urban poor

XXX 03.07.2015

What is the main revenue

from the sanitation sector in

your city?


As a federal enterprise, GIZ supports the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development.

Published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH

Registered offices, Bonn and Eschborn, Germany

“Support to National Urban Sanitation Policy Programme”

“2nd floor, B-5/2, Safdarjung Encalve , New Delhi – 110029” T 011 - 494945353 F 011 - 49495391

E [email protected]

I www.giz.de

Responsible

GIZ – SNUSP & CSE

Author(s)

GIZ and CSE

In cooperation with

Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.giz.de/

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