Gita Chapter 2 (Part 1)

Maximum Happiness to the Maximum Number of People for the Maximum Time

CHINMAYA MISSION BOSTON

The Holy Geeta

Chapter 2 – The Yoga of Knowledge

Bhagavad Geeta – Divine Song

Tat Tvam Asi – That Thou Art

Chapters 1-6

1. Arjuna Grief

2. Yoga of Knowledge

3. Karma Yoga

4. Ending Action in Knowledge

5. True Renunciation

6. Meditation

Chapters 7-12

7. Knowledge & Wisdom

8. Imperishable Brahman

9. Royal Secret

10.Divine Glories

11.Cosmic Form

12.Devotion

Chapters 13-18

Tvam-Thou

Tat-That

Asi-Art

Chapter 1: Yoga of Arjuna Grief

• Arjuna is

overwhelmed by

circumstances

• Wants to retreat from

the battlefield

• Emotional state

• Rationalization of

emotion

• Our own day-to-day

‘battle’ – Good vs

Bad

Key Messages of Chapter 1

Contrast between ‘external’ battle and ‘internal’ battle

Physical & Mental reactions when you are under ‘stress’

Look from multiple angles – context determines action

Practical Tips:

How to face a stressful or difficult situation

• Escape

• Suffer

• Change (yourself not your surroundings)

Turning excuses into resolutions

Chapter 2 - The Yoga of Self-Knowledge (Sankhya Yoga)

3. Karma Yoga (47-60) 4. Bhakti Yoga (61-70) 5. Gnana Yoga (71-72)

1. Arjuna’s Total Surrender to Krishna (1-10)

Today’s Discussion

2. Nature of Reality (11-46)

Chapter 2 – The Yoga of Self-Knowledge (Sankhya Yoga)

• Sanjaya said:

1 To him who was thus overcome with pity and despondency, with eyes

full of tears and agitated, Madhusudana spoke these words

• Blessed Lord said:

2. Whence is this perilous condition come upon thee, this dejection, un-

Aryan-like, heaven-excluding, disgraceful, O Arjuna?

3. Yield not to impotence, O Partha! It does not befit thee, Cast off this

mean weakness of heart! Stand up, O Parantapa (O scorcher of foes)!


• Arjuna said:

4 How, O Madhusudana, shall I, in battle, fight with arrows against

Bhishma and Drona, who are fit to be worshipped? O Destroyer of

enemies!

5 Better indeed, in this world, is to eat even the bread of ‘beggary’ that

to slay the most noble of teachers. But, if I kill them, even in this

world, all my enjoyments of wealth and desires will be stained with

blood.

6 I can scarcely say which will be better, that we should conquer them

or that they should conquer us. Event the sons of Dhritarashtra, after

slaying whom we do not wish to live, stand facing us.


• Arjuna said:

7 My heart is overpowered by the taint of pity; my mind is confused as

to duty. I ask Thee. Tell me decisively what is good for me. I am Thy

disciple. Instruct me, who has taken refuge in Thee.

8 I do not see that it would remove this sorrow that burns up my

senses, even if I should attain prosperous and unrivalled dominion on

earth, or even Lordship over gods.

• Sanjaya said:

9 Having sopken thus to Hrishikesha, Gudakesha, the destroyer of foes,

said to Govinda: “I will not fight”; and became silent.

Chapter 2 – Key Concepts

• Leadership qualities of Lord Krishna

• Significance of ‘total surrender’

• Delusion (Moha) Sorrow (Soka)

Chapter 2 – Discussions

• What leadership qualities does Krishna exhibit?

• Practical:

How do you react in ‘stressful’ situations – do you

invoke the ‘Arjuna’ in you or the ‘Krishna’ in you?

Chapter 2 – Class Exercise

1. Krishna listens to Arjuna, does not interrupt, diagnoses the situation and gets his

attention before advising

2. Invests in unlocking Arjuna’s own potential

3. Does not take over Arjuna’s fight (lesson in delegating)

4. Remains a guide throughout the battle (does not leave Arjuna to sink or swim)

5. Has won the trust of Arjuna, by his actions and words, to be a source of wisdom, always

acting for Arjuna’s higher good.

6. Has no personal ego or agenda

7. Is unrelenting in active opposition to evil, support of dharma

8. Stays cool and thoughtful in battle – grace under pressure

9. Raises Arjuna’s perspective (reframes to positive). Higher Duty, Noble Cause

10. Constantly refers to him as “maharathi”, a respectful term. Never criticizes, Restores

Arjuna’s faith in his own higher nature and capability. Shows him a vision of what Arjuna

can be

Chapter 2 – Significance of Total Surrender

• Arjuna said:

7 My heart is overpowered by the taint of pity; my mind is confused as

to duty. I ask Thee. Tell me decisively what is good for me. I am Thy

disciple. Instruct me, who has taken refuge in Thee.

• Why does Krishna wait until Arjuna totally ‘surrenders’?

• What is the ‘symbolic’ meaning of Arjuna ‘totally

surrendering to Krishna?

Chapter 2 – Delusion & Sorrow

• Delusion (Moha) --> Sorrow (Soka)

• What is ‘delusion’?

• Why does ‘delusion’ lead to ‘sorrow’?

Chapter 2 – Delusion & Sorrow

• Delusion (Moha) is confusion about our identity

Ignorance of our ‘identity’

Forgetting our ‘identity’

• Confusion in Identity --> Confusion in duties

• Confusion in duties --> Paralysis, sorrow, grief….

Next 25 verses Krishna explains our ‘true identity’

Chapter 2 – Summary of class

• Leadership qualities of Lord Krishna

• Significance of ‘total surrender’

• Delusion (Moha) --> Sorrow (Soka)

Chapter 2 - The Yoga of Self-Knowledge (Sankhya Yoga)

3. Karma Yoga (47-60) 4. Bhakti Yoga (61-70) 5. Gnana Yoga (71-72)

1. Arjuna’s Total Surrender to Krishna (1-10)

Today’s Discussion

2. Nature of Reality (11-46)

Chapter 2 – Summary of class

• What is Real?

• What is Unreal?

• What can we practice?

The Real is

Weapons cleave it not…

Fire burns it not…

Water moistens it not…

Wind dries it not…

It is changeless…

Chapter 2 – What is real?

The Real always IS

No birth or death

Indestructible and Imperishable

Changeless

Eternal

Chapter 2 – What is Real?

16. The unreal has no being; there is no non-being of the Real; the truth about

both these has been seen by the Knowers of the Truth (or the Seers of the

Essence)

17. Know That to be Indestructible by which all this is pervaded. None can

cause the destruction of That --- the Imperishable.

18. They have an end, it is said, these bodies of the embodied-Self. The Self is

Eternal, Indestructible, Incomprehensible. Therefore, fight, O Bharata.


19. He who takes the Self to be the slayer and he who thinks He is slain,

neither of these knows. He slays not, nor in He slain.

20. He is not born, nor does He ever die; after having been, He again ceases

not to be; Unborn, Eternal, Changeless and Ancient, He is not killed

when the body is killed.

21. Whosoever knows Him to be Indestructible, Eternal, Unborn, and

Inexhaustible, how can that man slay, O Partha, or cause others to be

slain?


22. Just as a man casts off his worn out clothes and puts on new ones, so also

the embodied-Self casts off its worn out bodies and enters others which

are new.

23. Weapons cleave It not, fire burns It not, water moistens It not, wind dries

It not.

24. This Self cannot be cut, nor burnt, nor moistened, nor dried up. It is

eternal, all-pervading, stable immovable and ancient.


25. This (Self) is said to be Unmanifest, Unthinkable, and Unchangeable.

Therefore, knowing This to be such, you should not grieve

• UNMANIFEST: A thing is called manifest when we can perceive it through

one or the other of our sense-organs. That which is beyond all five sense

organs is called Unmanifest

• UNCHANGEABLE: This term indicates that the Self is without parts

because things that have parts in themselves are things which have ‘form’

and those that have ‘form’ must necessarily come under the category of

FINITE and exhibit in themselves various modifications and changes

The Unreal is born…

Grows into youth…

Dies and is every changing

It is destructible & perishable

Chapter 2 – What is Uneal?

The Unreal

Born again and again

Destructible and Perishable

Changes constantly

Impermanent

Chapter 2 – What is unreal?

13. Just as in this body the embodied (soul) passes into childhood, youth and

old age, so also does he pass into another body; the firm man does not

grieve at it.

Chapter 2 – What is unreal?

14. The contact of the senses with objects, O son of Kunti, which cause heat

and cold, pleasure and pain, have a beginning and an end; they are

impermanent; endure them bravely, O descendant of Bharata

Chapter 2 – Class Exercise – Maya walk

• Form two groups

Make a list of names and forms around you

Discuss what is the source for each of them

Discuss what is

Real about these

Unreal about these

Gita Chapter 2 (Part 1)

Spiritual

Transcript of Gita Chapter 2 (Part 1)