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GLASS IONOMER CEMENT
Dr.Shahbaz Ahmed
BDS, MSc (UK), FCPS (Pak)
Assistant Professor
Department of Operative Dentistry
DIKIOHS
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Historical Evolution
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UniversalCEMENTS
GI
COMPOSITE
HYDROGEL
Hydrophobic POLYMER
RM-GI
GI and VLC Hydrophilic
monomer and polymer
CEMENTS
MM-GI
GI andMetallic fillers Cermet fillers
CORES
COMPOMER
VLC Composite and F source
FILLING MATERIALS
RR-GI
GI and Resin-Fillers
A.R.T. and
TEMPORARIES
GIOMER
VLC Composite and Pre-reacted GIC powder
FILLING MATERIALS
CEMENTS
FILLING MATERIALS
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Classification on the Basis of Applications
Type I - For luting cements
Type II - For Restorations
Type III - Liners and bases
Type IV - Fissure sealants
Type V - Orthodontic Cements
Type VI - Core build up
Type IX – For A.R.T
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Composition
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SETTING REACTION
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FLUORO-ALUMINO-SILICATEPARTICLE
CEMENTMATRIX
F-1, Ca+2, Al+3, Si+4
Initialdissolution
for startingreaction
rapid earlyF release
from matrixSlow long term
F releaseby diffusionfrom particle
FLUORIDE RELEASEFluoride comes from matrix and particles at different rates.
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EFFECTIVE LEVELS
20
10
15
5
14 21 2870
TIME (Days)
FLU
OR
IDE
RE
LE
AS
E (
ppm
)
Fluoride Toothpaste,Topical Fluoride,Fluoride Mouthrinse
PARTICLES
MA
TR
IX
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MANIPULATION OF GLASS IONOMER CEMENT
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Properties
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Setting Time
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Mixing Time: 30 seconds
Working Time: 2 minutes
Setting Time: 5 minutes
Total Time: 5-6 minutes at 23 C
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Esthetics
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Water Sensitivity, Solubility and Disintegration
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Margin Adaptation andLeakage
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Physical Strengths
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Biocompatibility
Anticariogenic Affect by way of Fluoride Release
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Finishing
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Advantages
Inherent adhesion to tooth structure
High retention rate
Little shrinkage and good marginal seal
Fluoride release and hence caries inhibition
Biocompatible
Minimal cavity preparation required hence easy to use on children in and suitable for use even in absence of skilled dental manpower and facilities (such as in ART)
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Disadvantages Brittle
Soluble
Abrasive
Water sensitive
Some products release less fluoride then conventional GIC
Not Radiopaque (only true for conventional GIC lacking Lanthanum, Strontium, Barium or Zinc Oxide additives)
Slow setting and hence harder to use
Less aesthetic then composite
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Applications / Uses
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As Luting Agents
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As Orthodontic Brackets Adhesives
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As Pit and Fissure Sealants
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As Liners and Bases
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For Core Build Up
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For Intermediate / Temporary Restoration
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Restorations
Tunnel Restoration
Root caries
Cervical / Class V restorations *
Single-surface fillings in areas not involved in occlusion/ Non-stress bearing areas
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Sandwich technique
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‘Closed Sandwich’
‘Open Sandwich’
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Co-cured Technique
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Co-cured Technique - G. Knight
Resin-modified GIC placed first as a thin liner beneath composite resin, then cured together.
Reduces polymerization stress from composite, reduced micro leakage
Adhesion is provided by micromechanical (resin) and by chemical (GIC ion-exchange) methods
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Retrograde / Apical Filling(Geristore)
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Fuji IX
Developed as temporary restorations for 3rd world countries.First tested in African countries.Now used widely in Asian countries.
Current technique = P/L or precapsulated mixture.Original technique = scoop, finger mix, finger insertion.
A.R.T. RESTORATIONSART = Atraumatic Restorative Technique
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) = prevention and treatment of dental carie sbased on excavating and removing caries using hand instruments only and restoring glass ionomer.
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As Restorations for Deciduous Teeth
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