GHS Employee Training by Hector F. Hernandez

Marketing Communications

Environmental Health & Safetys OSHA HazComm GHS Training

Presenters:

Hector F. HernandezProject Manager Intern

What Employees Need To Know

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Session ObjectivesUnderstand what GHS isUnderstand why HazComm is importantInterpret the information on chemical labelsUnderstand the new PictogramsUnderstand the new safety data sheets format

BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304

BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304The main objective of this session is to teach you about hazard communication. By the time the session is over, you should be able to:Recognize hazardous chemicals;Understand the risks they pose;Interpret the information on chemical labels;Understand safety data sheets, or SDSs;Protect yourself from physical and health hazards; andRespond to emergencies.

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The Hazard Communication Plan Purpose

Provide hazard information about the chemicals used in the workplace to ensure the health and safety of University members.

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Hazard Communication StandardEmployers must provide you with:

A written hazard communication programA list of hazardous chemicalsSDSsLabels on containersTraining


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304The Hazard Communication Standard describes what employers must do to inform employees about chemical hazards in the workplace. For example, under the law, employers must provide you with:A written Hazard Communication Program that explains how the information is communicated to you;A list of the hazardous chemicals used in your workplace, so you know that you might be asked to use a potentially hazardous chemical;SDSs for each type of hazardous chemical. These contain detailed information about the chemical, its possible hazards, and ways to protect yourself; Labels on containers that identify and describe the chemical hazards; andTraining that teaches you about the Hazard Communication Standard, tells you how to read and understand the information on SDSs and chemical labels, and shows you ways you can protect yourself against possible hazards.Your supervisor or safety manager can tell you how to obtain your companys written Hazard Communication plan and a copy of the Hazard Communication Standard.

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What Is GHS?Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of ChemicalsImplemented through HazComProvides a universal approach


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304As we discussed, OSHAs hazard communication standard, or HazCom, requires us to tell you about hazards in the workplace. Two key ways we do that is with labels on chemical containers and safety data sheets (formerly MSDSs). Chemical labels and MSDSs have been an essential part of basic safety in the workplace for decades. But, because of the global economy, a system is needed to standardize safety, health, and environmental information about substances so that people all over the world get the same hazard information. That system is called the GHS. The GHS itself is not a regulation or a standard. OSHA will implement the GHS system through HazCom and continue to regulate chemical safety in this country. The purpose of GHS is to provide a universal approach to defining hazards, classifying substances, and communicating hazard information and protective measures to employers and employees throughout the United States and the world.5

Chemicals are all around us every day

Chemicals can be:

Corrosive

Reactive

Flammable Explosive

In many cases, the chemicals you may deal with at work are no more dangerous than those you use at home, however,in the workplace exposure may be greater, concentrations higher, exposure time longer: potential danger could be greater on the job.



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How Hazardous Chemicals Enter Your BodySkin and eye contactInhalationIngestionAbsorptionInjection


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Chemicals can enter your body in several ways:Skin or contact with the eyes, which is a big risk with liquids.Inhalation of fumes, vapors, mists, dusts, or gases. Once in your lungs, they can enter the bloodstream.If your hands are contaminated when you eat, you can accidentally swallow hazardous chemicals. And,Absorbing hazardous chemicals through the skin.8

Physical Hazards

ExplosiveFlammableCorrosive to metalGas under pressure


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Hazardous chemicals present several types of hazards: physical hazar ds, health hazards, asphyxiant, pyrophoric, combustible dust, and others that are not classified. A physical hazard occurs when a chemical poses one of the following hazardous effects: ExplosiveFlammable (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids); Oxidizer (liquid, solid or gas); Self-reactive; Pyrophoric (liquid or solid); Self-heating; Organic peroxide; Corrosive to metal; Gas under pressure; orEmits flammable gas when it comes in contact with water.9

Health Hazards

Short- or long-term effects:

Skin corrosion or irritationSerious eye damage or eye irritationRespiratory or skin sensitizationBreathing hazard BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304

BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Health hazards can cause illness or other health problems, which can include short-term effects, such as headaches, dizziness, or skin irritation, or long-term effects, such as organ damage or cancer. A health hazard occurs when a chemical poses one of the following hazardous effects: Acute toxicity (any route of exposure); Skin corrosion or irritation; Serious eye damage or eye irritation; Respiratory or skin sensitization; Germ cell mutagenicity; Carcinogenicity;Reproductive toxicity; Specific target organ toxicity (single or repeated exposure); or Aspiration hazard.10

Container LabelsAll containers must be labeled!Even portable containers



BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Generally, all containers of hazardous chemicals supplied to the workplace must be labeled. The labels on containers delivered to your facility must either be kept intact or, if removed or damaged, be immediately marked with the required information. This includes the product identifier and a combination of words, pictures, or symbols that provide general information about the chemical hazards and specific information regarding the potential physical and health hazards.Labels are required on all portable and secondary containers if not for immediate use. The label must include the chemical identification and the hazards it presents.Labels are not required on:Pipes or piping systems, or Portable containers where the hazardous chemical is transferred from a labeled container for immediate use by the employee doing the transfer.11

Whats on a Chemical Label?Product IDSupplier InfoPrecautionary StatementsPictograms Signal wordsHazard StatementSupplemental Information


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Pictograms include a symbol and other graphic elements intended to convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical. They appear on a white background within a diamond-shaped square with a red border and are placed on the label based on a chemicals hazard classification.There are eight mandatory hazard symbols used in pictograms. Each conveys the specific hazard of the chemical, with a ninth nonmandatory symbol for environmental hazards. Supplemental information includes any additional information provided on the chemical label that is not required or specified by the GHS amendments to HazCom. 12

Pictograms


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Safety Data SheetsRead the SDS before working with any hazardous material.

Detailed written description of a hazard related to a chemicalDescribes risks, precautions, and remediesMust be readily available to you.


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Labels give you a snapshot of the risks associated with a chemical. The safety data sheet (SDS) gives you the most complete and detailed information. The SDS for each chemical:Is a detailed written description of the chemical;Describes its hazards, as well as precautions and remedies to releases and exposure; andMust be readily available for you to read.You should always read the SDS before starting to work with a chemical.14

SDS vs. MSDSSDS replaces MSDS16-section formatMore complete information


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304The SDS will gradually replace the material safety data sheet (MSDS) that were all familiar with. The GHS-compliant SDS is composed of 16 sections in a required sequence of headings. The information it presents may be more complete than what youre used to in the old MSDS, and its better organized. Lets take a look at the 16 sections in the proper sequence.15

Section 3: Composition and Information on IngredientsSection 4: First Aid MeasuresSection 1: Chemical and Supplier InformationSection 2: Hazards IdentificationSections 14 BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304

BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Section 1 contains the product identifier and other means of identification, recommended uses and restrictions, supplier information, and an emergency number.Section 2 contains the hazard classification, the signal word, hazard and precautionary statements, hazard symbol, other hazards not otherwise classified, and any statements regarding mixtures consisting of ingredients of unknown toxicity.Section 3 contains information about chemical composition and ingredients, including chemical name, common name and synonyms, CAS number and other unique identifier, and impurities and stabilizing additives that are classified and that contribute to the classification of the substance.Section 4 contains a description of necessary first aid, symptoms and health effects (acute and delayed), and the need for immediate medical attention and special treatment (if required).16

Sections 58

Section 5: Fire-Fighting MeasuresSection 6: Accidental Releases MeasuresSection 7: Handling and StorageSection 8: Exposure Controls and PPE BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304

BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Section 5 contains information about suitable and unsuitable extinguishing substances, and about specific hazards from the chemical, and special PPE and precautions for firefighters.Section 6 contains information about personal precautions and PPE, emergency precautions, environmental procedures, and containment and cleanup methods and materials.Section 7 describes precautions for safe handling and conditions for safe storage.Section 8 contains information about control parameters (such as exposure limit values), engineering controls, and individual protection measures and PPE.17

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Eye and face protectionHand protectionHead protection


BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304When engineering and work practice controls cannot eliminate a chemical hazard, using PPE is an essential way to protect yourself. Here are some of the types of PPE that might be required:Face shields or safety goggles to protect you from splashesremember that regular prescription eyeglasses do NOT qualify as proper eye protection;Gloves to protect your hands from contact with chemicals;Foot protection, such as rubber boots, to guard against splashes;Head protection, such as hard hats or hoods, also protect you from splashes;Aprons or full bodysuits; again, these protect against splashes. A full bodysuit may also protect you from dust and vapors.Finally, respiratory protection protects you from breathing in hazardous vapors, mists, and fumes.18

Emergency Response to SpillsEyes: Flush with water for 15 minutesSkin: Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothingInhalation: Move to fresh airSwallowing: Get emergency medical assistance

BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 130419Knowing proper emergency procedures is another important part of safety. Thats why you should always read the label and SDS for every material to find out exactly what to do in case you or a co-worker is overexposed. Emergency procedures may include:Flushing eyes with water for 15 minutes in case of contact;Washing skin with soap and water and removing contaminated clothing;Moving to fresh air if a person has been inhaling hazardous material and not returning until it is safe; andGetting emergency medical assistance if a person has accidentally swallowed a hazardous chemical.Think about the emergency procedures you should use if you or a co-worker is overexposed to a hazardous material. Do you know where eyewash stations, emergency showers, and first-aid kits are located? Do you know how to use them?Discuss your companys emergency procedures, so employees understand how to report and handle medical emergencies. Where are first-aid kits and emergency shower and eyewash stations located? Is the employee permitted to take another employee to the eyewash station, or does a person trained in first aid need to do this? Display the contents of a first-aid kit, and show trainees the location(s) of emergency shower and/or eyewash station.

Key Points to RememberGHS is a new revision to OSHA HazComm 1910.1200GHS provides standardized safety and health information systemThere are new PictogramsThe New Labels and SDSs provide vital information in an easy to understand formatPPE and other protective measures reduce hazards

BLRBusiness & Legal Resources 1304Here are the main points to remember about this training session on Hazard Communication:Hazard Communication makes you safer.GHS provides standardized safety and health information.Chemicals can present both physical and health hazards.Labels and SDSs provide information on specific chemicals. Use of appropriate personal protection equipment reduces injury and illness risk.This concludes the Hazard Communication and GHSWhat Employees Need to Know training program. 20

GHS Employee Training by Hector F. Hernandez

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