Ghs did not change the rules on compressed gases

GHS did not change the rules

Safe Storage, Handling & Useof Compressed Gases

Plus you still need to take the

Training!

P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada

Canada

What should I do when storing compressed gas cylinders?• Check your fire code for guidelines regarding the storage of flammable gas

cylinders. • Store cylinders in a clearly identified, dry, well-ventilated storage area away from

doorways, aisles, elevators, and stairs. • Post "no smoking" signs in the area. • Store cylinders in the upright position and secure with an insulated chain or non-

conductive belt. • Secure the protective caps. • Ensure that the area is well ventilated. With outside storage, place on a fireproof

surface and enclose in a tamper-proof enclosure. • Protect cylinders from contact with ground, ice, snow, water, salt, corrosion, and

high temperatures. • Store oxygen and fuel gases separately. Indoors, separate oxygen from fuel gas

cylinders by at least 6 metres (20 feet), or by a wall at least 1.5 m (5 ft) high with a minimum half-hour fire resistance. (From: CSA W117.2-06 "Safety in welding, cutting and allied processes". Local jurisdiction requirements may vary.)


Compressed gas in three forms

• COMPRESSED (CYLINDER)

• Liquefied (CO2; N2 & O2 IN PORTABLE

LIQUID CYLINDERS )

• DISSOLVED (ACETYLENE)


Three Classes of Gas

• FLAMMABLE

• NON-FLAMMABLE

• POISON


Reasons for a Safety Seminar

• To heighten the awareness of the

dangers associated with compressed

gases

• To encourage safe operating practices

in their everyday use

• To help ensure the right equipment is

used for your application


Definition

Compressed GasAny material or mixture with an in-container pressure exceeding 40 psia at 70F, or a pressure exceeding 104 psia at 130F, or any liquid flammable material having a vapor pressure exceeding 40 psia at 100F


The Gas: Rule #1!

Know the properties of the materials involved

Gases may be:

• Under high pressure

• Toxic

• Corrosive

• Flammable

• Pyrophoric

• Oxidizers


• Can cause equip. to fail with explosive force• When released can diffuse into the atmosphere

very rapidly, and an entire room may be thoroughly contaminated within seconds!

• A common 9” dia X 52” high cylinder pressurized to 2000 psi has the stored energy equivalent to one pound of dynamite!

• Cylinders are commonly filled to standard pressures of 2000 psi, 2490 psi, 3500 psi and 6000 psi.

High Pressure Gas


• Have the ability to cause injury or death when ingested or absorbed by the skin

• Examples include Ammonia, Vinyl Chloride and Phosgene

Toxic Gases


• Will attack and damage human tissue

• Will have an adverse effect on improper materials of construction

• Examples of corrosive materials are Hydrogen Chloride, Hydrogen Fluoride

Corrosive Gases


• Flammable gases easily catch fire and burn rapidly in air

• Examples of flammable gases are Acetylene, Hydrogen, Propane, and Propylene

• Pyrophoric gases spontaneously ignite and burn when exposed to the atmosphere

• Silane is a pyrophoric gas which is commonly used in the electronics industry

Flammable & Pyrophoric Gases


Liquefied Compressed Gases

• Contents of a liquefied compressed gas cannot be determined by the pressure in the cylinder, and a cylinder scale must be used


Shipping Regulations

Dept. of Transport (D.O.T.) regulations specify the familiar

diamond shaped tag that must be affixed to each cylinder being

shipped


Threshold Limit Values (TLV’s)

• Time Weighted Average (TWA)

- Average 8 hour exposure, 5 days a week

• Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)

- 15 minutes, 4 times a day

• Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health(IDLH)

Personal & Fixed Gas Monitors


Compressed Gas Cylinders

• Come in many shapes and sizes

• Commonly constructed of Carbon Steel or Aluminum

• Standard size 1A cylinder pressurized to 2200 psig holds approx. 225 ft3 of gas in an internal volume of 1 ½ ft3!

Cylinder Identification

And Markings

• DOT- signifies that the cylinder

conforms to Department of

Transportation (DOT) specification.

• 3AA - specifies type and material of

cylinder construction.

• 2265 - indicates service pressure

for which the cylinder is designed

at 70F.

Specification number -

consists of three sections.1



And Markings

Cylinder serial number

company generated2



And Markings

Date of initial hydrostatic

testing3



And Markings

Original inspector's insignia4


CGA Connections

• Compressed Gas Assoc.

• Reasons for CGA standards

• CGA gaskets/washers

• Restricted flow orifices


Pressure Regulators

and How They Work


Cylinder Use

OPEN VALVE SLOWLY!!

STAND TO THE SIDE OF THE REGULATOR WHEN OPENING


Cylinder Use

IF A CYLINDER VALVE DOES NOT

OPERATE EASILY, CONTACT YOUR

GAS SUPPLIER FOR ASSISTANCE!!

NEVER USE EXCESSIVE FORCE TO

OPERATE A CYLINDER VALVE


Cylinder UseLEAK CHECK CYLINDER CONNECTIONS

WITH A SOAPY SOLUTION

NEVER USE A FLAME!!


Single Stage Regulator

Outlet

gaugeInlet

gauge

CGA inlet

connectionTemporary

shut-off

valveP/A knob



Reduces the inlet supply

pressure in “one step”,

from the inlet supply

pressure to the final outlet

pressure



Applications: • Intermittent use - where a

sample of gas is required

from a cylinder

• Where pressure rise in a set

delivery pressure is not

critical

• As a line regulator where

there is a second pressure

regulator at the gas supply

source



Characteristics:

Rule of thumb: for every

100 psig drop on the inlet

pressure, there will be 1

psig rise on the outlet

working pressure


Two-Stage Regulator

Reduces the pressure in

“two steps” from a high

pressure inlet source, to the

final outlet working

pressure


Two-Stage Regulator

Characteristics: • Delivery “set pressure”

remains constant as the inlet

supply pressure decays

• Becomes a single stage regulator

when the source supply pressure

becomes less than the set pressure

of the first stage (~300 psig)

• Can be supplied with an inter-stage

relief valve as insurance in the

event of first stage seat failure


Two-Stage Regulator

• Recommended for continuous

use applications, such as carrier

gas supply to GC’s or other

analytical instruments, where

it is critical that a constant

delivery set pressure be

maintained

Applications:


Regulator Installation• Do not use CGA adaptors or change CGA

connections on regulators for a different gas service – unless work is done by qualified personnel!

• Always ensure there are no nicks and scratches on regulator CGA connections

• Never use Teflon tape to achieve a proper seal

• Always leak check connections using a soap bubble solution or electronic leak detector


• Always ensure the P/A knob is backed off counterclockwise to ensure there is no load on the regulator load spring – prior to opening the cyl valve!

• Never open a cylinder valve all the way. 1 ½ to 2 turns is usually sufficient

• Always stand with the cylinder valve between you and the regulator when opening the cylinder valve and/or adjusting pressure on the regulator

• Do not use the temporary shut-off valve to turn off gas flow if the shut-off duration will be longer than 20 min.

• Use cross or T-purge assemblies if regulators are to be used for toxic or corrosive gases!

Regulator Operation


• 95% of regulator failures are due to seat failures, caused by:

– Corrosion buildup on the seat

– Contamination (dirt, metal filings, Teflon tape) that scores the seat at a high velocity

Set pressure creep on the delivery pressure gauge indicates a seat failure!

Regulator Failures


• A Pressure gauge that will not read zero indicates the bourdon tube has been damaged and the gauge must be replaced!

• Gas leaking through the bonnet assembly of the regulator indicates a diaphragm failure(Typically caused by failure to ensure the regulator is shut off prior to installing it on a new cylinder)

Regulator Failures


• Check valve: prevents reverse gas flow

• Flash Arrestor: prevents ignition source from reaching regulator and cylinder for flammables

• Excess Flow Valve: restricts flow in the event of a gas line break

Safety Devices:


Flammable GasesExamples are:

•Acetylene

•Hydrogen

•Propane

•Butane


Non-Flammable Gases

Examples are:

• Nitrogen

• Argon

• Helium

• Air

• Carbon Dioxide

• Oxygen


Poison Gases

Examples

Toxic

Arsine

Phosphine

Hydrogen Sulphide

Examples

Corrosive

Chlorine

Hydrogen

Chloride


OXYGEN

Oxidising Gas


Before Using Cylinder

IDENTIFY THE GAS!!

READ THE LABEL! DO NOT

DEPEND ON THE COLOUR OF

THE CYLINDER


Cylinder Use

NEVER REMOVE THE VALVE

PROTECTION CAP UNTIL THE

CYLINDER IS SECURED AND

READY FOR USE!!


Cylinder with Fixed Cap

(Tulip Type)


Cylinder Use

NEVER USE AN ADAPTOR TO

MAKE A CYLINDER FIT A

REGULATOR OR OTHER

EQUIPMENT!!


Cylinder Use

NEVER STRIKE AN

ELECTRICAL ARC ON A

COMPRESSED GAS

CYLINDER!!


Cylinder Use

CLOSE CYLINDER VALVES

WHEN NOT IN USE!!


Cylinder Use

DO NOT TRANSPORT A

LEAKING CYLINDER!!

(CALL YOUR GAS SUPPLIER)


Cylinder

Storage


Cylinder Storage

SEPARATE STORAGE AREAS

BASED UPON

• TYPES OF GASES

• FULL & EMPTY CYLINDERS


Cylinder Storage

SECURE THE CYLINDER WITH

VALVE PROTECTION CAP IN

PLACE!!

(CHAIN, TIED, ETC.)


Cylinder Handling and

Transportation

• Upon receipt, visually inspect the cylinders for obvious defects such as dents, large amounts of rust and missing or loose safety caps.

• Cylinders shouldn’t be accepted unless identified with the appropriate labeling, and all them agree with one another!

• Use a cylinder cart and secure the cylinders with a chain when moving.

• Don’t use the protective valve caps for moving or lifting the cylinders.


Cylinder Handling and Transportation

• Don’t drop a cylinder, permit them to strike each other violently or be handled roughly.

• Unless cylinders are secured, regulators should be removed, valves closed and protective caps in place before cylinders are moved.

• Rolling cylinders in a vertical position on the bottom edge is to be avoided as much as possible. Gas cylinders must never be dragged or rolled in the horizontal position.


Cylinder Storage

• Double restrain cylinders with non-combustible material (i.e., chain)

• Label Full versus Empty

• Signs for hazardous gases

• Keep away from traffic areas

• Store in fire resistant, well ventilated, dry areas

• Keep away from flames or sparks

• Keep caps on when not in use

• Store in areas <125°F

• Keep oxidizers 20 ft. from flammables

• Corrosives should be stored less than 6 months

Cylinder Storage

Cylinder Storage

STORE CYLINDERS IN WELL

VENTILATED AREAS THAT DO

NOT EXCEED 50 OC


Cylinder Storage

• PROTECT CYLINDERS FROM

PHYSICAL DAMAGE

• KEEP AWAY FROM ELECTRICAL

CIRCUITS

• AVOID EXCESSIVE MOISTURE


Cylinder

Handling


Cylinder Handling

• DO NOT ROLL OR DRAG CYLINDERS

• USE A HAND TRUCK TO MOVE

CYLINDERS


Things Not To Do!

• Never roll a cylinder to move it.

• Never carry a cylinder by the valve.

• Never leave a cylinder unsecured.

• Never force improper attachments

on to the wrong cylinder.

• Never grease or oil the regulator, valve

or fittings of an oxygen cylinder.

• Never refill a cylinder.

• Never attempt to mix gases in a cylinder.


Safe Gas Usage

• Compressed gases serve laboratories and industrial

plants in many ways, but the cylinders and gases

present a number of hazards.

• “Treat all gas cylinders, full or empty, as objects that

have a very real potential to injure you severely.”


Cylinder Handling

• KEEP VALVE PROTECTION CAPS IN

PLACE WHILE IN STORAGE, DURING

HANDLING, AND IN

TRANSPORTATION!!


Cylinder Handling

• NEVER ATTEMPT TO LIFT A CYLINDER

BY THE VALVE PROTECTION CAP!!


Cylinder Handling

• NEVER TRANSPORT CYLINDERS IN

CAR TRUNKS OR ENCLOSED

VEHICLES!!


X


Special precautions

forFLAMMABLE GASES


Flammable Gases

NO SMOKING

NEAR

FLAMMABLE GASES!!


Flammable Gases

USE SPARK PROOF

TOOLS!!


Flammable Gases

FLAMMABLE GASES SHOULD

BE STORED 6 METRES AWAY

FROM

• OXIDISERS

• COMBUSTIBLES

• IGNITION SOURCES


Flammable Gases

LIMIT QUANTITIES OF FLAMMABLE

GASES STORED INSIDE A BUILDING!!

ONE EXAMPLE FROM A GUIDELINE:

• 60 M3

• 150 Kg of LPG

(LIMIT IS BEST SET AFTER A PROPER RISK ASSESSMENT)

• THIS DOES NOT INCLUDE CYLINDERS IN ACTUAL USE OR

ATTACHED FOR USE.


Flammable Gases

FOLLOWING THE EXAMPLE GIVEN,

STORAGE OF FLAMMABLE GASES IN EXCESS OF 60 M3 OR 150

KG SHALL BE KEPT

• IN A SEPARATE ROOM

• IN A SEPARATE BUILDING

• OUTDOORS


Flammable Gases

ACETYLENEWHEN USING A CYLINDER:

• STORE CYLINDER UPRIGHT

• KEEP OUTLET PRESSURE AFTER

REGULATOR TO MAXIMUM 1 BAR(G)

• OPEN CYLINDER VALVE 1/2 TO 3/4 TURN


Special precautions for

OXYGEN AND OTHER

OXIDIZERS


Oxygen

KEEP AWAY FROM

OIL AND GREASE!!


Oxygen

KEEP OXYGEN SEPARATED

FROM FLAMMABLE GASES

• 6 METRES

• 30 MINUTE RATED FIREWALL(TYPICAL GUIDELINES; REFER TO LOCAL REGULATIONS)


Special precautions for

POISON GASES

(TOXIC & CORROSIVE)


Poison Gases

HAVE A DETAILED

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN

IN PLACE!!


Poison Gases

LIMIT QUANTITIES OF

POISON AND CORROSIVE

GASES IN USE AND

STORAGE!!


Poison Gases

STORAGE OF POISON GASES

• OUTDOORS

• INDOORS

FORCED VENTILATED GAS

CABINET


Poison Gases

WEAR ALL REQUIRED

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

AND/OR PROTECTIVE

CLOTHING!!


Poison Gases

FOR CORROSIVE GASES

• SAFETY SHOWER & EYEWASH

READILY AVAILABLE


Summary

NEVER USE A GAS (ANY GAS)

UNLESS YOU ARE TRAINED IN

ITS USE AND UNDERSTAND

ITS HAZARDS!!


Summary

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA

SHEETS (MSDS) ARE A GOOD

SOURCE FOR EMPLOYEE

TRAINING MATERIAL!!


Emergency Plan

• Every location where compressed gases are handled should have a written emergency plan covering steps to be taken in the event of an accidental release of gas

• This plan should consider the nature of the gases being handled, that is their chemical and physical properties


Plan Elements

At a minimum, the plan should specify the following :

• Alarm System & Evacuation Procedure

• Response Personnel

• Emergency Equipment

• Containment or disposal methods


Ghs did not change the rules on compressed gases

Leadership & Management

Transcript of Ghs did not change the rules on compressed gases